Objective To explore the application value of intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)imaging parameters in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules and their correlation with the expression of Ki-67 receptor in breast cancer.Methods The data of 41 female patients who completed 3.0 T breast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)with complete surgical pathology results in the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City from October 2022 to January 2025 were analysed and evaluated.Conventional images and diffusion-weighted images with 11 b values were collected.The IVIM imaging parameters of real diffusion coefficient(D),perfusion related diffusion coefficient(D*)and perfusion fraction(f)were measured and calculated in the region of interest of each lesion.The receiver operating characteristic curve were plotted to quantify the differential diagnostic efficacy of each parameter of IVIM imaging in benign and malignant breast nodules.The differences of parameters between benign and malignant breast nodules and between the groups with different expression levels of Ki-67 receptor in breast cancer were analysed,and the correlation between each parameter and the expression level of Ki-67 in breast cancer was counted.Results The D value of benign breast nodules group(benign groups)was significantly higher than that of malignant breast nodules group(malignant groups),and the D*value was significantly lower than that of malignant group,and the differences between benign group and malignant group were statistically significant(t=-4.773,t=2.063,P＜0.05);Thefvalue of benign group was slightly lower than that of malignant group,and the differences between two groups were not statistically significant(t=0.035,P＞0.05).Among the parameters of IVIM imaging,D value had the best differential diagnostic efficacy for benign and malignant breast nodules,with area under the curve(AUC)of 0.870(95％CI:0.755-0.985)and a specificity of 75.0％;D*value had the second best differential diagnostic efficacy after D value,with an AUC of 0.789(95％CI:0.658-0.920),but it had the highest sensitivity of 88.2％;And the differential diagnosis efficiency off value was the worst,much less than D and D*values.The D value in the high Ki-67 expression group of breast cancer was lower than that in the low expression group,while the D* and f values in the high expression group were higher than that in the low expression group,and the differences of each imaging parameter of IVIM were not statistically significant between two groups(t=-2.617,t=2.169,t=0.647,P＞0.05).There was a significant negative correlation between the expression of the Ki-67 receptor and the D value(r=-0.615,P＜0.05),and no significant correlation was seen with either D *or f value(r=0.223,r-0.031,P＞0.05).Conclusion The D and D*values of IVIM imaging parameters have great clinical value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the anatomical relationship among the nerve roots, intervertebral space, pedicles, and intradural rootlets of the cervical spine for improving operative outcomes and exploring neuroventral decompression approach in posterior endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD). Methods: Cervical computed tomography myelography imaging data from January 2021 to May 2023 were collected, and the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer Software was employed to conduct multiplane reconstruction. The following parameters were recorded: width of nerve root (WN), nerve root-superior pedicle distance (NSPD), nerve root-inferior pedicle distance (NIPD), and the relationship between the intervertebral space and the nerve root (shoulder, anterior, and axillary). Additionally, the descending angles between the spinal cord and the ventral (VRA) and dorsal (DRA) rootlets were measured. Results: The WN showed a gradual increase from C4 to C7, with measurements notably larger in men compared to women. The NSPD decreased gradually from the C2–3 to the C5–6 levels. However, the NIPD showed an opposite level-related change, notably larger than the NSPD at the C4–5, C5–6, and C7–T1 levels. Furthermore, significant differences in NIPD were observed between different age groups and genders. The incidence of the anterior type exhibited a gradual decrease from the C2–3 to the C5–6 levels. Conversely, the axillary type exhibited an opposite level-related change. Additionally, the VRA and DRA decreased as the level descended, with measurements significantly larger in females. Conclusion A prediction of the positional relationship between the intervertebral space and the nerve root is essential for the direct neuroventral decompression in PECD to avoid damaging the neural structures. The axillary route of the nerve root offers a safer and more effective pathway for performing direct neuroventral decompression compared to the shoulder approach.

Objective:To investigate the changes of relevant subcortical regions in patients with dysphagia after stroke by diffusion tensor imaging.Methods:This study prospectively selected six patients with dysphagia early after stroke who were admitted to The Second Hospital of Jiaxing from January 2020 to March 2021 (stroke group). During the same period, 15 healthy volunteers were selected as a control group (volunteer group). Both groups underwent diffusion tensor imaging scans. The mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, and radial diffusivity were compared between the stroke group and the volunteer group, as well as between the affected and unaffected sides within the stroke group.Results:The mean diffusivity did not pass calibration, and no results were obtained. Axial diffusivity differed significantly between the two groups in fiber bundles located in the middle cerebellar peduncle, the transverse pontine tract, the splenium of the corpus callosum, the right corticospinal tract, the left superior cerebellar peduncle, the right cerebral peduncle, the right external capsule, and the right cingulate gyrus [(1.38 ± 0.06) ×10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.50 ± 0.05) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.17 ± 0.05) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.08 ± 0.04) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.84 ± 0.04) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.90 ± 0.06) ×10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.28 ± 0.04) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.41 ± 0.03) ×10 -3 mm 2/s, (2.16 ± 0.06) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (2.30 ± 0.07) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.59 ± 0.04) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.78 ± 0.05) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.39 ± 0.05) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.13 ± 0.04) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.27 ± 0.04) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.20 ± 0.03) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, t = 4.70, 4.34, 2.24, 8.17, 4.29, 8.26, 12.55, 4.40, all P < 0.05)]. Furthermore, significant differences in fractional anisotropy were observed in fiber bundles located in the knee of the corpus callosum, the right and left corticospinal tracts, the right superior cerebellar peduncle, the right and left cerebral peduncles, the left anterior limb of the internal capsule, the right and left posterior limbs of the internal capsule, the posterior portion of the right internal capsule around the lentiform nucleus, the right and left anterior corona radiata, the right and left superior corona radiata, the right and left posterior corona radiata, the right external capsule, and the left uncinate fasciculus ( t = 3.86, 7.54, 3.62, 3.77, 7.72, 3.77, 3.77, 10.86, 6.26, 5.17, 5.03, 3.77, 8.79, 5.03, 5.52, 3.62, 6.91, 4.14, all P < 0.05). Additionally, radial diffusivity differed significantly between the two groups in fiber bundles located in the middle cerebellar peduncle, the left medial lemniscus, the right and left anterior limbs of the internal capsule, the right and left posterior limbs of the internal capsule, the posterior part of the right internal capsule surrounding the lentiform nucleus, the right superior corona radiata, the left sagittal stratum, the right external capsule, and the left external capsule ( t = 4.34, 3.14, 15.71, 7.54, 19.49, 6.91, 12.07, 11.31, 8.69, 17.87, 10.68, all P < 0.05). Conclusions:White matter integrity in subcortical structures is extensively impaired in patients with dysphagia following a stroke.

Objective To explore the application value of intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)imaging parameters in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules and their correlation with the expression of Ki-67 receptor in breast cancer.Methods The data of 41 female patients who completed 3.0 T breast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)with complete surgical pathology results in the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City from October 2022 to January 2025 were analysed and evaluated.Conventional images and diffusion-weighted images with 11 b values were collected.The IVIM imaging parameters of real diffusion coefficient(D),perfusion related diffusion coefficient(D*)and perfusion fraction(f)were measured and calculated in the region of interest of each lesion.The receiver operating characteristic curve were plotted to quantify the differential diagnostic efficacy of each parameter of IVIM imaging in benign and malignant breast nodules.The differences of parameters between benign and malignant breast nodules and between the groups with different expression levels of Ki-67 receptor in breast cancer were analysed,and the correlation between each parameter and the expression level of Ki-67 in breast cancer was counted.Results The D value of benign breast nodules group(benign groups)was significantly higher than that of malignant breast nodules group(malignant groups),and the D*value was significantly lower than that of malignant group,and the differences between benign group and malignant group were statistically significant(t=-4.773,t=2.063,P＜0.05);Thefvalue of benign group was slightly lower than that of malignant group,and the differences between two groups were not statistically significant(t=0.035,P＞0.05).Among the parameters of IVIM imaging,D value had the best differential diagnostic efficacy for benign and malignant breast nodules,with area under the curve(AUC)of 0.870(95％CI:0.755-0.985)and a specificity of 75.0％;D*value had the second best differential diagnostic efficacy after D value,with an AUC of 0.789(95％CI:0.658-0.920),but it had the highest sensitivity of 88.2％;And the differential diagnosis efficiency off value was the worst,much less than D and D*values.The D value in the high Ki-67 expression group of breast cancer was lower than that in the low expression group,while the D* and f values in the high expression group were higher than that in the low expression group,and the differences of each imaging parameter of IVIM were not statistically significant between two groups(t=-2.617,t=2.169,t=0.647,P＞0.05).There was a significant negative correlation between the expression of the Ki-67 receptor and the D value(r=-0.615,P＜0.05),and no significant correlation was seen with either D *or f value(r=0.223,r-0.031,P＞0.05).Conclusion The D and D*values of IVIM imaging parameters have great clinical value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules.

Objective To investigate the predicting value of cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking(CMR-FT)for adverse left ventricular remodeling(ALVR)in patients with acute anterior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods The clinical data and cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)images of 161 acute anterior wall STEMI patients within 1 week and 6 months after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)were retrospectively analyzed.ALVR was defined as an increase of left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)over 20％at the second CMR examination compared to the baseline.The CMR parame-ters were analyzed by CVI42 post-processing software.The logistic regression analysis was used to screen the independent predictors of ALVR,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficiency of ALVR.Results The incidence of ALVR at 6 months was 21.7％(35/161).The logistic regression analysis showed that the left ventricular global circumferential strain(LVGCS)and right ventricular global longitudinal strain(RVGLS)at baseline were independent predictors for ALVR(P＜0.001).When LVGCS was-13.89％and RVGLS was-15.07％at baseline,the sensitivity of predicting ALVR was 0.714 and 0.743,the specificity was 0.833 and 0.810,and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.806 and 0.835,respectively.The sensitivity of LVGCS combined with RVGLS in predicting ALVR was 0.802,the specificity was 0.952,and the AUC was 0.888.The DeLong test showed that the AUC of LVGCS com-bined with RVGLS in predicting ALVR was significantly higher than that of individuals,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The LVGCS and RVGLS at baseline are independent predictors for ALVR in patients with acute anterior wall STEMI,their combination can significantly improve the pre-dictive efficiency of ALVR in these patients.

To prepare a recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV9-ZsGreen1-EsASP)capable of expressing the aspartic protease protein of Eimeria stiedai(E.stiedai),and explore its in vitro ac-tivity.The EsASP gene was amplified by PCR,and recombinant adeno-associated viral vector pAAV-IRES-ZsGreen1 was combined with the EsASP gene using homologous recombination to construct the pAAV-ZsGreen1-EsASP expression plasmid;pAAV-ZsGreen1-EsASP expression plasmid,pHelper,and pAAV-RC9 plasmids were cotransfected into HEK-293T cells by liposomal transfection to package and produce recombinant adeno-associated virus rAAV9-ZsGreen1-EsASP capable of expressing EsASP protein.rAAV9-ZsGreen1-EsASP was purified using chloroform treatment-PEG/NaCl precipitation-chloroform extraction method,the purity of the virus was iden-tified by silver staining,the virus morphology was observed by TEM,and virus titer was detected by qRT-PCR;the purified recombinant virus was further infected into HEK-293T cells,and EsASP expression was detected by observing green fluorescent protein ZsGreen1 and Western blot method.The results indicated that double enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing confirmed that the EsASP gene had been successfully constructed into the pAAV-IRES-ZsGreen1 expression plas-mid.The expression of green fluorescent protein in HEK-293T cells suggested that co-transfection was successful.Western blot results of cell protein preparation showed that EsASP protein was successfully expressed;The purified recombinant viral capsid proteins show three distinct bands(VP1-3).The purified rAAV9-ZsGreen1-EsASP was uniform in size,around 20 nm,and had a titer higher than 1.0 × 1012 vg/mL;Green fluorescent protein expression was observed after infection of HEK-293T cells with the recombinant virus,and EsASP expression was detected by Western blot.The results suggest that rAAV9-ZsGreen1-EsASP with in vitro infectious activity was suc-cessfully obtained,providing a material basis for the development of a novel vaccine against Eimer-ia stiedai.

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has a unique structure that makes monoclonal antibody (mAb) preparation challenging. This study aims to develop a method for preparing HbA1c mAbs and establish a fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (FICA) for rapid detection of HbA1c. Three glycosylated peptides were synthesized and used to prepare complete antigens, which were identified by dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) and ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy. The complete antigens and natural HbA1c were used for cross-immunization of mice, and the optimal complete antigen was selected. The mouse with the highest serum titer was chosen for mAb preparation. The purity and specificity of the mAbs were verified, and a FICA method was developed. The optimal complete antigen, with a titer of 1:512 000, was successfully prepared and selected. Fusion with splenocytes resulted in four specific HbA1c antibodies (purity > 90%). The best antibody exhibited a binding constant (Ka) of 1.67×10¹⁰ L/mol with the antigen. Based on this antibody, a FICA method was successfully established, capable of producing results within 15 min. The method demonstrated a good linear range (3%-13% HbA1c, y=0.071 3x+0.005 6, R²=0.993 7), recovery rates of 98%-102%, precision < 10.00%, and no nonspecific reactions. Clinical testing of 210 samples showed positive agreement of 96.36%, negative agreement of 97.00%, and overall agreement of 96.68%. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis yielded an area under curve (AUC) of 0.980 9 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.961 0-1.000 0], with high consistency verified in multicenter studies. We successfully developed a key technique for preparing HbA1c monoclonal antibodies and established a FICA method for rapid detection of HbA1c. It will provide an efficient and convenient detection method for the early diagnosis and long-term management of diabetes and its complications.
Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis* ; Animals ; Mice ; Glycated Hemoglobin/immunology* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Humans ; Antibody Specificity ; Chromatography, Affinity/methods* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods* ; Female

Objective To observe the expression levels of base excision repair(BER)pathway-related proteins in small cell lung cancer(SCLC)tissues,and analyze their relationship with the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 74 patients with limited-stage SCLC undergoing surgical treatment in our medical center from December 2018 to June 2023.Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze the protein expression of BER pathway components,apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1(APE1),8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1(OGG1),DNA polymerase β(POLβ),X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1(XRCC1),ATP-dependent DNA ligase I(LIGⅠ),and immune cell infiltration markers of CD3? T cells,CD8? T cells,CD68? macrophages in SCLC tissues.Chi-square test was applied to analyze the relationship of BER protein expression and clinicopathological features;Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to evaluate the impacts of BER protein expression and immune cells on disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS),multivariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify DFS prognostic factors,and Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation of BER-immune cell infiltration.In in vitro experiments,transient transfection was applied in H196 cells to overexpress APE1/POLβ/LIGⅠ,respectively.Thus,the cells were divided into negative control(NC,empty vector)and overexpression(OE,target plasmids)groups.CCK-8 and TUNEL assays were employed to determine the effects of OEAPE1,OEPOLβ and OELIGⅠon cell sensitivity to cisplatin.In in vivo experiments,nude mice bearing xenograft tumors were grouped into WT,E3330(APE1 inhibitor),cisplatin,and cisplatin+E3330 groups to determine the effects of the combination therapy on tumor growth.Results There were no significant correlations of the expression levels of key BER pathway proteins with clinicopathological characteristics,including gender,age,smoking history,tumor location,Ki67 index,or TNM stage(all P>0.05).The patients with low expression of APE1,POLβ,and LIGⅠ had obviously higher DFS rates than those with high expression(P<0.05),and the patients with larger proportion of CD3+T cells also had higher DFS rates than those with smaller proportion(P=0.043).Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that tumor TNM stage(HR=2.465)and APE1 expression(HR=2.730)were independent risk factors for the prognosis of SCLC patients(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between APE1 and CD8+T cell proportion in the SCLC patients(r=0.27,P<0.05).In vitro experiments showed that the overexpression(OE)cells(OEAPE1 and OELIGⅠ)exhibited reduced sensitivity to cisplatin than the NC group(P<0.05).Animal experiments indicated that cisplatin+E3330 significant inhibited xenograft tumor growth,indicating enhanced therapeutic efficacy(P<0.01).Conclusion High expression of APE1,POLβ,and LIGⅠ in the BER pathway indicates poor prognosis and low DFS rate in SCLC patients.High expression of APE1 is positively correlated with CD8+T cells,and can be used as an auxiliary marker for SCLC immunotherapy.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the anatomical relationship among the nerve roots, intervertebral space, pedicles, and intradural rootlets of the cervical spine for improving operative outcomes and exploring neuroventral decompression approach in posterior endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD). Methods: Cervical computed tomography myelography imaging data from January 2021 to May 2023 were collected, and the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer Software was employed to conduct multiplane reconstruction. The following parameters were recorded: width of nerve root (WN), nerve root-superior pedicle distance (NSPD), nerve root-inferior pedicle distance (NIPD), and the relationship between the intervertebral space and the nerve root (shoulder, anterior, and axillary). Additionally, the descending angles between the spinal cord and the ventral (VRA) and dorsal (DRA) rootlets were measured. Results: The WN showed a gradual increase from C4 to C7, with measurements notably larger in men compared to women. The NSPD decreased gradually from the C2–3 to the C5–6 levels. However, the NIPD showed an opposite level-related change, notably larger than the NSPD at the C4–5, C5–6, and C7–T1 levels. Furthermore, significant differences in NIPD were observed between different age groups and genders. The incidence of the anterior type exhibited a gradual decrease from the C2–3 to the C5–6 levels. Conversely, the axillary type exhibited an opposite level-related change. Additionally, the VRA and DRA decreased as the level descended, with measurements significantly larger in females. Conclusion A prediction of the positional relationship between the intervertebral space and the nerve root is essential for the direct neuroventral decompression in PECD to avoid damaging the neural structures. The axillary route of the nerve root offers a safer and more effective pathway for performing direct neuroventral decompression compared to the shoulder approach.