Objective To develop a novel protective ventilator circuit component and to verify its performance by water seal and anti-splash experiments.Methods A novel protective ventilator circuit component had a design scheme with the multifunctional joint,and consisted of a tee connection tube,an isolation sleeve and a stop sleeve,of which,the tee connection tube was made of polyethylene polymer material and the others were made of silicone material.The tee connection tube had a T-shaped structure with two standard connection ports,which was composed of an adapter,a sealing cap,a plug and a sealing ring;the isolation sleeve was in the shape of a cylinder with a raised bottom,which was inserted into the adapter;the stop sleeve was located in the isolation sleeve,with an inverted frustum of a cone at the bottom and a rounded hole in the middle of the inverted frustum.An open ventilator circuit tube was involved in the performance verification of the circuit component developed.In the water seal experiment,sputum aspiration was simulated and the heights of the liquid level drop in the L-shaped tubes were compared after sputum aspiration.In the anti-splash experiment,the infection rates on the surfaces of the sterile hole towels and gloves were calculated.Results Water seal experiment showed after sputum aspiration the open ventilator circuit tube had the liquid level at the L-shaped tube higher significantly than that of the circuit component;the anti-splash experiment indicated sputum aspiration resulted in the occurance of the splashing out of the secretion and 77.5%infection rate by the open ventilator circuit tube,while no splashing out and 0%infection rate by the circuit component developed.Conclusion The novel protective ventilator circuit component behaves well in sealing and anti-splashing,and thus is worthy of clinical application for sputum aspiration.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(4):113-117]

Objective:To explore the occurrence,co-occurrence,and different subtypes of self-harm and sui-cidal behaviors among male prisoners to inform the development of targeted intervention strategies.Methods:A phenomenology in qualitative research was adopted,and 30 male prisoners with a history of self-harm behaviors,suicidal ideation and suicideattempts,were selected for semi-structured interviews.Data was analyzed by Colaizzi's seven-step method to distill themes.Results:Theme analysis revealed 4 themes and 9 sub-themes(subtypes)of the self-harm and suicidal behaviors of male prisoners,namely the initial occurrence of self-harm behaviors,non-suicid-al self-injury(NSSI)including 6 subtypes(emotional management disorder,self-punishing,antagonistic dissocia-tion,sensation seeking,self-harm without self-awareness,and instrumental self-harm),the co-occurrence of self-harm-suicide behaviors with a subtype of rational suicide,the acute suicide behavior including two subtypes(impul-sive suicide and psychiatric suicide).Conclusion:Negative emotions and emotional dysregulation are important re-lated factorsof self-harm among male prisoners.Suicidal behaviors commonly co-occurred with NSSI,and under-standing the NSSI of prisoners could provide reference for suicide prevention in prisons.There is variability in the motivation of different subtypes of NSSI in maleprisoners,and subtype-based personalized interventions could be a-dopted to reduce the occurrence of self-harm and suicidal behaviors.

Objective:To explore the predictive factors for extubation in the operating room after single lung transplantation without the assistance of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adult patients with end-stage interstitial lung disease (ILD), as well as their short-term (1-year postoperative) prognosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 78 adult ILD recipients who underwent single lung transplantation without ECMO assistance at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from June 2018 to June 2023. Based on whether extubation was completed in the operating room (OR), patients were divided into the OR group (19 cases) and ICU group (59 cases). Baseline characteristics of donors and recipients, as well as intraoperative events, were compared between the two groups. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential predictors, and variables with P<0.2 were included in multivariate logistic regression to determine independent predictors for OR extubation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate predictive performance. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze survival, and short-term prognosis between groups was compared. Results:The rate of OR extubation after single lung transplantation in ILD recipients was 24%(19/78). Compared with the ICU group, the OR group had shorter operation times, lower fluid volumes, reduced transfusions of red blood cells and plasma, less intraoperative bleeding, and lower lactate levels 15 minutes after pulmonary artery reperfusion (all P<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis identified the following factors as significantly associated with OR extubation: recipient age ( P=0.100), operative time ( P=0.001), fluid infusion volume ( P=0.005), red blood cell transfusion volume ( P=0.037), plasma transfusion volume ( P=0.039), blood loss ( P=0.004), oxygenation index at 15 minutes after reperfusion ( P=0.174), and blood lactate at 15 minutes after reperfusion ( P=0.041). Multivariate analysis revealed that intraoperative blood loss was an independent predictor of OR extubation ( OR=0.993, 95% CI: 0.986 - 0.999, P=0.026). ROC curve analysis showed that blood loss had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.822 in predicting OR extubation, with a sensitivity of 64.4% and specificity of 89.5%. Postoperatively, patients in the OR group had significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation [0 vs 5 (3,11) days, P<0.001], ICU stay [7(4,8) vs 9(6,20) days, P=0.012], and overall postoperative hospitalization [19 (15,23) vs 25 (19,39) days, P=0.015]. Within one year after surgery, 2 patients (11%) in the OR group and 19 patients (32%) in the ICU group had died, but the difference in 1-year survival rates between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusions:Intraoperative blood loss is an independent predictor of extubation in the operating room. Early extubation in non-ECMO-assisted single lung transplantation for ILD patients is associated with improved short-term outcomes.

Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of Edaravone Dexborneol combined with aspirin and clopidogrel in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods:82 AIS patients were randomly divided into control group(treated with aspirin and clopidogrel,n=41)and observation group(treated with Edaravone Dexborneol on the basis of control group,n=41)by random number table method.National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA),Barthel Index(BI),serum biochemical indicators[neuron specific enolase(NSE),superoxide dismutase(SOD),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),malondialdehyde(MDA)],intracranial hemodynamic indicators[bilateral anterior cerebral artery(ACA),bilateral middle cerebral artery(MCA),bilateral posterior cerebral artery(PCA)],and incidence of adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:The total clinical effective rate,MoCA,BI score,BDNF,SOD,and the average flow rates of ACA,MCA,and PCA in the observation group 14 d after treatment were higher than those in control group,NIHSS score,NSE,and MDA were lower than those in control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Edaravone Dexborneol combined with aspirin and clopidogrel in AIS treatment can significantly improve intracranial hemodynamics,regulate nerve factors,reduce nerve function damage,and has good safety.

Objective:To analyse the clinical characteristics of 214 cases of paediatric high altitude pulmonary edema（HAPE）and the efficacy of dexamethasone in adjunctive therapy.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed 214 pediatric cases of HAPE admitted to the Department of Paediatrics of the General Hospital of Tibetan Military between June 2015 to June 2017 and June 2019 to June 2021.Patients were divided into dexamethasone-treated group and dexamethasone-untreated group.Baseline data，clinical characteristics were collected to evaluate the treatment efficacy and drug side effects.Results:There were 107 children in each of the two groups with a median age of 8（5，11）years. The median age of the dexamethasone-treated group was 9（6，12）years and the mean age of the dexamethasone-untreated group was 7（3，10）years. The proportion of male children was 69.60%（149/214）；the onset of illness was mostly concentrated within 72 hours，accounting for 97.20%（208/214）of the cases；83.18%（178/214）of the cases had symptoms of combined upper respiratory tract infection before entering the plateau. The most important clinical symptoms of the children were cough（86.92%，186/214），cyanosis（70.09%，150/214），and shortness of breath（66.36%，142/214）. The proportion of auscultatory rhonchi was 83.18%（178/214），and all cases showed positive findings on chest radiography. After the dexamethasone regimen，the overall cure rate of the children was 94.39%，the average disappearance time of the symptoms and signs was（40.52±7.85）h，and the average hospital stay was（3.60±1.90）d. After treatment with the dexamethasone-free regimen，the overall cure rate was 92.52%，the mean time to disappearance of symptoms and signs was（42.10±7.62）h，and the mean length of stay in the hospital was(3.84±2.08)d. There was no significant difference in the cure rate，the disappearance time of symptoms and signs，and the average hospitalisation days between the two groups（ P>0.05），but a total of 11 children in the dexamethasone-treated group experienced adverse drug reactions，and no children in the dexamethasone-untreated group experienced adverse drug reactions. Conclusion:Han Chinese male children，particularly those with upper respiratory infections，should be closely monitored for HAPE risk within three days of ascending to high altitudes. This study does not recommend the use of dexamethasone for pediatric HAPE due to the lack of therapeutic benefits and potential adverse effects.

Eight compounds were isolated and purified from the ethyl acetate part of 70% acetone extract of Rehmannia glutinosa by various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel, MCI gel CHP-20, ODS, Toyopearl HW-40C, combined with TLC and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by modern spectroscopy techniques (NMR, MS, UV, IR), and identified as neomartynoside A (1), osmanthuside B₆ (2), martynoside (3), isomartynoside (4), (E)-p-hydroxycinnamic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), ferulic acid (7), and methyl caffeate (8). Compound 1 is a new phenylethanol glycoside, which was identified as neomartynoside A. Compound 2 was isolated from Rehmannia glutinosa for the first time. In addition, compounds 2, 6 and 7 significantly increased relative glucose consumption, showing potential hypoglycemic activity.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of action of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (POG) to improve cholesterol metabolism in osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes based on the long noncoding RNA nuclear-enriched transcript 1 (lncRNA NEAT1)/microRNA-128-3p (miR-128-3p) pathway. Methods: For in vivo experiments, 60 mice were divided into the normal, sham operation, model, and POG groups using the random number table method, with 15 mice per group. The osteoarthritis mouse model was constructed using the modified Hulth method in the model and POG groups. Mice in the POG group were administered 30 mg/(kg·d)POG by gavage. The other groups were administered an equal amount of normal saline for 8 weeks. The cartilage tissue structure of mice in each group was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Real-time PCR was used to detect changes in the lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-128-3p mRNA expression levels in the cartilage tissues of mice. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), liver X receptor β (LXRβ), matrix metalloprotein-3 (MMP-3), and B-lymphoblastoma-2-associated X protein (Bax) in articular cartilage of mice. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) content in the synovial fluid of mice. A biochemical microplate assay was used to measure the total cholesterol level in the synovial fluid of mice. The in vitro experiments were divided into the negative control, interleukin-1β(IL-1β), IL-1β+ POG, IL-1β+ oe-lncRNA NEAT1, IL-1β+ oe-lncRNA NEAT1 + POG, IL-1β + miR-128-3p inhibition, and IL-1β+ miR-128-3p inhibition+ POG groups. An OA model was established by inducing chondrocytes with IL-1β for 24 h, and 90 mg/L of POG and miR-128-3p inhibitor(50 nmol/L) were administered for 48 h as an intervention. lncRNA NEAT1 expression in chondrocytes was detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization. A dual luciferase assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-128-3p. Lentiviral plasmids overexpressing lncRNA NEAT1 were used to transfect mouse chondrocytes. Real-time PCR was used to detect the effect of lncRNA NEAT1 overexpression on the mRNA level of miR-128-3p in chondrocytes. Western blotting was used to detect ABCA1, LXRβ, MMP-3, and Bax protein expression in chondrocytes after lncRNA NEAT1 overexpression and miR-128-3p inhibition. Results: POG significantly reduced OA cartilage tissue damage. Compared with the model group, the lncRNA NEAT1 mRNA level decreased, whereas the miR-128-3p mRNA level increased in the cartilage tissue of the POG group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, ABCA1 and LXRβ protein expression increased in the POG group, whereas MMP-3 and Bax protein expression decreased (P<0.05). The TNF-α levels decreased in the POG group compared to the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the total cholesterol level in the synovial fluid of the joint of mice in the POG group decreased (P<0.05). The mean fluorescence intensity of lncRNA NEAT1 in the IL-1β+ POG group decreased compared with the IL-1β group (P<0.05). The relative luciferase activity in the miR-128-3p mimics group bound to the lncRNA NEAT1-WT plasmid decreased compared with the miR-128-3p negative control group (P<0.05). The lncRNA NEAT1 mRNA levels decreased, whereas the miR-128-3p mRNA levels increased in the IL-1β+ oe-lncRNA NEAT1 + POG group compared with the IL-1β+ oe-lncRNA NEAT1 group (P<0.05). Compared with the IL-1β+ POG group, ABCA1 and LXRβ protein expression decreased, whereas MMP-3 and Bax protein expression increased (P<0.05). Conclusion POG mediates lncRNA NEAT1/miR-128-3p to improve cholesterol metabolism in OA chondrocytes.

Objective To construct a glioma microfluidic chip model to simulate tumor microenvironment for evaluating the medicinal efficacy of anti-glioma traditional Chinese medicines. Methods Glioblastoma cells U251 were seeded into microfluidic chips with different culture modes, and the cell viability and tumour microenvironment within the constructed model were characterized. Fluorescence staining was used to evaluate the effects of the positive drugs temozolomide （TMZ） and docetaxel （DOC） on the cell activity and apoptosis within the model, which was applied to evaluate the medicinal efficacy of the extracts of the herb Scutellaria barbata on gliomas. Results The cells in the constructed U251 microfluidic chip model displayed high viability and were able to mimic the hypoxic microenvironment of tumor to a certain extent. The viability of the U251 cells in the microfluidic chips decreased with the increasing of the concentration of the positive drug, and the viability of the 3D cultured U251 cells was higher than that in the 2D condition （P<0.05）. The intracellular mitochondrial membrane potential decreased with the increasing of the concentration of the positive drug. And the 2 mg/ml Scutellaria barbata extract killed U251 cells to a certain extent and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of the cells in the model. Conclusion This study successfully constructed a microfluidic chip model of glioma that could effectively simulate the tumor microenvironment and rapidly evaluate the anti-tumor medicinal efficacy, which provided a new strategy for the medicinal efficacy evaluation and active components screening of anti-glioma traditional Chinese medicines.

Objective To construct an aptamer-functionalized carboxylated graphene oxide(CGO)fluo-rescent sensor to achieve highly sensitive and specific detection of ketamine(KET)and its metabolite norketamine(NK)using an aptamer capable of simultaneously recognizing KET and NK.Methods A specific aptamer for simultaneous recognition of KET and NK was screened using graphene oxide-sys-tematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment(GO-SELEX)and molecular docking tech-niques.The aptamer,labeled with Cy5 fluorescence,was chemically conjugated to CGO to construct an aptamer-functionalized CGO fluorescent sensor.By optimizing detection conditions,including the mass concentration of CGO,aptamer concentration,reaction temperature,and incubation time,quantita-tive analysis of the target analytes was achieved using the ratio of fluorescence intensity changes be-fore and after target addition.The stability of the sensor in biological matrices was evaluated by moni-toring fluorescence intensity changes over incubation time in blank blood and urine,in comparison with the traditional physical adsorption-based CGO fluorescent sensor.Spiked recovery experiments in blank blood and urine were conducted to compare performance with that of HPLC-MS/MS.Results A specific aptamer A5 was selected and chemically conjugated with CGO to construct the aptamer-functionalized CGO fluorescent sensor.Under optimized conditions,the proposed fluorescent sensor ex-hibited a linear detection range of 1.0-5.0 ng/mL for KET,with a limit of detection(LOD)of 0.86 ng/mL;while for NK,the linear detection range was 1.0-5.0 ng/mL,with an LOD of 0.70 ng/mL.Com-pared with the CGO fluorescent sensor constructed via physical adsorption,this sensor demonstrated greater stability in blood and urine.The spiked recovery rates of KET and NK in blank blood and urine ranged from 81.50%to 110.03%,exhibiting detection performance comparable to that of HPLC-MS/MS.Conclusion The aptamer screening method offers a novel approach for selecting aptamers tar-geting drugs and their metabolites.The constructed aptamer-functionalized CGO fluorescent sensor pro-vides an efficient and reliable strategy for the high-performance detection of KET and NK.

Objective To analyze the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR3)and adaptor protein containing PH domain,PTB domain,and leucine zipper motif 1(APPL1)in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and their relationship with clinical pathology.Methods A total of 100 patients with NSCLC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the study objects,and the NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues of the patients were collected.The expression of VEGFR3 and APPL1 was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the relationship between VEGFR3 and APPL1 expression and clinical pathology of patients was analyzed,as well as the predictive value of VEGFR3 and APPL1 for prognosis of patients with NSCLC.Results The posi-tive rates of VEGFR3 and APPL1 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues were significantly different(P<0.05).The positive rate of VEGFR3 was significantly different in patients with different histological type,lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion(P<0.05).The positive rate of APPL1 was significantly different in patients with different histological type and tumor invasion(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that VEGFR3 was positively correlated with APPL1 expression(r=0.330,P<0.05).The relative expression levels of VEGFR3 and APPL1 in death group were higher than those in survival group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of relative expression levels of VEGFR3 and APPL1 to predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients was 0.843(95%CI:0.757-0.908)and 0.799(95%CI:0.707-0.872).Conclusion The ex-pression of VEGFR3 and APPL1 in NSCLC patients is related to their clinical pathological features.The relative ex-pression levels of VEGFR3 and APPL1 are of great value in predicting the prognosis of NSCLC patients.