Background In recent years, the increasingly widespread application of nuclear and medical radiation technologies has resulted in a large number of occupational populations exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR). At present, there is no consistent conclusion on the effects of long-term exposure to LDIR on the metabolic health of the occupational population. Objective To explore the association between long-term exposure to LDIR and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among medical radiologists. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to enroll 6431 medical radiologists who ordered occupational health checkups from January 2022 to December 2023, and basic information such as demographic characteristics, occupational characteristics, lifestyles, and dietary habits was collected through questionnaires. Physical examinations were conducted using a standardized protocol. Individual dose equivalents of occupational external exposure were monitored by dosimeters worn by medical radiologists. Logistic regression model was used for identifying influencing factors of MetS and sensitivity analysis, and restricted cubic spline model was used to explore the dose-response relationship between cumulative effective dose and MetS. Two-stage linear regression was used to evaluate threshold effect of association between cumulative effective dose and MetS. Results The positive rate of MetS was 13.6% (877/6431) among the enrolled 6431 study participants. The logistic regression showed that gender, age, monthly income, body mass index (BMI), cumulative effective dose, and smoking were influencing factors for MetS. The risk of MetS was higher in males (OR=1.511, 95%CI: 1.209, 1.888); using the < 30 years old group as reference, the risk of MetS was higher in the 30-39 years old (OR=1.509, 95%CI: 1.095, 2.079), 40-49 years old (OR=2.214, 95%CI: 1.551, 3.161), and ≥50 years old (OR=3.480, 95%CI: 2.338, 5.181) groups; using the <10000 yuan group as reference, the risk of MetS was lower in the group with a monthly income of 10000-14999 yuan (OR=0.715, 95%CI: 0.582, 0.878); the risk of MetS was higher in the BMI ≥ 24 kg·m⁻² group (OR=7.548, 95%CI: 6.223, 9.156); using the < 0.76 mSv group as reference, the risk of MetS was higher in the cumulative effective dose of 0.76-2.73 mSv group (OR=1.270, 95%CI: 1.017, 1.586); the risk of MetS was higher in the smoking group (OR=1.734, 95%CI: 1.428, 2.107). The results of restricted cubic spline showed that the cumulative effective dose was nonlinearly correlated with MetS (P _{non-linearity}=0.028), with an inflection point of 1.25 mSv. The risk of developing MetS increased by 34.1% for each unit increase in cumulative effective dose up to 1.25 mSv, whereas above 1.25 mSv, the statistical association was not significant. The sensitivity analysis results showed that after excluding the self-reported hypertensive and diabetic patients, the cumulative effective dose 0.76-2.73 mSv group still had an increased risk of developing MetS compared with the < 0.76 mSv group (P < 0.05), and the results were robust. Conclusion Among medical radiologists, male, age, BMI, and smoking are positively correlated with MetS, and monthly income is negatively correlated with MetS; cumulative effective dose is non-linearly correlated with MetS among medical radiologists.

Objective To measure the anatomical parameters of the first maxillary molars in children of different age groups and evaluate the age-related changes in dental crowns.Methods A retrospective analysis was conduc-ted on cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images of 4-8-year-old children.NNT software was used to ana-lyze multiple important indicators of maxillary first molar.Results A total of 308 first maxillary molars,including 154 pediatric patients,were evaluated in this study.The thickness of the pulp apex H1(left,P=0.01;right,P=0.02)and the thickness of the pulp chamber floor H3(left and right P＜0.01)were positively correlated with age,while the height of the pulp cavity H2(left and right P＜0.01)and the height of the palate tip D1(left P=0.003,right P=0.002)showed a negative correlation with age.There was no significant correlation between the height of the buccal tip and age(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in H1 and H3 between the 4-year-old and 5-year-old age groups between the 8-year-old age group(P＜0.05),as well as significant differences in H2 and D1 between the 4-year-old and 5-year-old between the 6-year-old,7-year-old and 8-year-old age groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion The age-related changes in the crowns of the first maxillary molars are important references for the clinical treatment,and can be accurately measured through CBCT data.

Objective To study the differences in features of event-related potentials(ERPs)and target detection accuracy between five brain regions(frontal,temporal,central,parietal,and occipital)in target detection tasks based on rapid serial visual presentation(RSVP)brain computer interface(BCI)under six target concealment conditions.Methods Twelve participants were selected for the study,whose scalp electroencephalogram(EEG)signals were collected under the six concealment conditions using a NeuroScan SynAmps2 EEG acquisition system.The ERP waveforms,P300 amplitudes and latencies,among other things,were compared across the five brain regions.The hierarchical discriminant component analysis(HDCA)algorithm was used to classify the EEG signals while the differences in classification accuracy were probed across the five brain regions.Results(1)Under the six concealment conditions,target images elicited distinct ERP waveforms in all the five brain regions;(2)For P300 amplitudes,the temporal region exhibited the smallest values;(3)Regarding P300 latencies,the parietal and central regions showed longer durations than other brain regions(except for small camouflage and small occlusion conditions);(4)In terms of classification accuracy,the parietal and central regions outperformed other brain regions(except for the large camouflage condition).Conclusion The selection of parietal and central channels can offer a new perspective for enhancing the performance in concealed target detection based on RSVP-BCI,and is expected to spark new ideas for the design of miniaturized,simple and wearable BCI devices.

【Objective】 To screen the sterilizing-grade filters applicable for production of human coagulation factor Ⅷ/von Willebrand factor complex(FⅧ/VWF)and study the sterilization filtration process. 【Methods】 Four sterilizing-grade filters for FⅧ/VWF were evaluated through indicators such as filtration capacity, filtration flux, recovery rate of FⅧ activity, recovery rate of VWF activity, recovery rate of VWF antigen, recovery rate of protein and VWF molecular distribution. The sterilizing-grade filter with the best filtration performance was selected for further study. The study was designed by general full-factor design to determine the appropriate filitered protein concentration and filitered speed range through evaluating the total filtered protein amount, recovery rate of protein and filtration efficiency, and then the process operation parameters was determined. 【Results】 The filtration flux of Sartobran P, Sartopore 2 XLG, Sartopore Platinum and Sartopore 2 XLI were 1.71±0.01, 1.80±0.01, 1.34±0.01, and 1.81±0.04 L·(m²)^-1·min^-1, respectively; the recovery rates (%) of FⅧ activity were 97.09±2.82, 99.22±0.99, 96.87±1.85 and 93.76±1.21, respectively; the recovery rates (%) of VWF activity were 98.12±1.42, 99.95±1.85, 94.80±1.62 and 92.09±1.67, respectively. Between Sartopore 2 XLG and Sartobran P, the difference of filtration flux (P<0.001) was statistically significant; between Sartopore 2 XLG and Sartopore Platinum, the differences of the filtration flux (P<0.001) and VWF potency recovery rate (P<0.05) were statistically significant; between Sartopore 2 XLG and Sartopore 2 XLI, the differences of FⅧ potency recovery rate (P<0.01) and VWF potency recovery rate (P<0.01) were statistically significant. The optimal process operating space of Sartopore 2 XLG was protein concentration of 0.45-0.58 mg/mL, and filtration rate of 1.48-2.95 L·(m²)^-1·min^-1. 【Conclusion】 Sartopore 2 XLG is the most suitable filter for the production of FⅧ/VWF and the DoE test proves that it has good process operation space.

【Objective】 To investigate the trend of neutralizing antibody level in plasma donors who received the 3rd shot of inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine. 【Methods】 Three commercial ELISA kits for novel coronavirus neutralization antibody detection, manufactured by Company A, B and C, were chosen and screened by Pseudotype Neutralization Test from December 2021 to June 2022. A total of 410 plasma samples from 64 plasma donors who received the 3rd shot of inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine and there after donated plasma within six months were detected by the selected ELISA kit from July to October, 2022. The data were analyzed by Excel 2013 and SPSS 26 software. 【Results】 The high-throughput ELISA kit for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody detection, manufactured by Company A, was selected for further antibody titer detection. The mixed plasma titers were 1 337.34, 1 148.89, 852.19, 681.38, 556.44 and 457.19 U/mL from 1 to 6 months, respectively, after the 3rd shot of vaccine. The neutralizing antibody titer level began to increase around 7 days after the 3rd shot of vaccine injection and peaked (peak range: 264.07-2 208.39 U/mL, median: 569.34 U/mL) at 1 month (range: 9-43 days, median: 22 days), and then gradually decreased (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The neutralizing antibody titer of plasma donors who received the 3rd shot of inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine began to rise around 7 days after vaccination, which reached the peak value at around 1 month and then gradually decreased.

A recurrent misdiagnosed case of congenital left renal arteriovenous fistula (RAVF) with multiple left renal arteries and scoliosis was reported. The patient was admitted to hospital on 29 August 2020 due to repeated hematuria for one year. No abnormality was found in two flexible ureteroscope examinations, imaging and laboratory examinations after admission. It was found that the structure of blood vessels in the inferior pole of renal sinus was disordered, and the blood vessels were tortuous and clustered through careful reading of CT enhancement films. The dilated tortuous blood vessels were also seen around the renal pelvis, and hematuria was considered to be caused by renal vascular malformation. In order to confirm the etiology, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of renal artery was performed. DSA showed a congenital left renal RAVF with three renal arteries, and the arteriovenous fistula of renal arteries was embolized. For patients presenting with severe gross hematuria, if tumor, stone, tuberculosis, or coagulation abnormalities were excluded by conventional imaging and/or laboratory examination the possibility of congenital renal vascular malformation should be suspected, and DSA examination should be performed. Endovascular embolization is an effective treatment for congenital RAVF.

【Objective】 To study the effect of different concentrations of heparin, ATⅢ or a mixture of heparin and antithrombin Ⅲ (ATⅢ) (1∶1)on the activity of human coagulation factor Ⅸ (FⅨ). 【Methods】 The heparin or heparin/ATⅢ with different concentrations were added into human coagulation Ⅸ products or human prothrombin complex (PCC) to prepare heparin or heparin/ATⅢ samples, containing 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 2 and 4 IU per unit. ATⅢ with different concentrations were added into FⅨ or PCC to prepare ATⅢ samples containing ATⅢ 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 IU per unit. The FⅨ activity of the samples prepared was tested by one-stage coagulation method. Then corresponding amount of protamine sulfate were added to neutralize heparin or heparin/ATⅢ to detect the FⅨ activity again. Their influence of heparin, ATⅢ and heparin/ATⅢ with different concentrations on the activity of FⅨ were analyzed. 【Results】 When the content of heparin or heparin/ATⅢ was 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 IU per unit of FⅨ, the detection results of FⅨ titer in samples were consistent. When the content of heparin or heparin/ATⅢ per unit of FⅨ was 0.8, 1, 2 and 4 IU, the detection results of FⅨ titer were all lower than those of samples without heparin. When the ATⅢ content was 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 IU, the FⅨ titer of the samples was consistent. 【Conclution】 When the content of heparin or heparin/ATⅢ in the product is less than or equal to 0.5 IU per IU of FⅨ, the step of protamine sulfate adding could be omitted as it has little effect on FⅨ activity. When >0.5 IU per IU of FⅨ, however, protamine sulfate adding, to neutralize heparin, is necessary before FⅨ activity testing.

【Objective】 To establish a method for detecting human immunoglobulin Fc function based on surface plasmon resonance technology. 【Methods】 Based on the characteristic that FcγRI can be binded to the Fc segment of IgG, the affinity constant of the sample was detected by surface plasmon resonance, and its Fc function was the KD ratio of the sample to the standard. The method was validated for specificity/specificity, precision and robustness. The method and the pharmacopoeia method were used to detect the Fc function of 30 human immunoglobulins, and the correlation and consistency of the detection results were analyzed. 【Results】 The method validation results showed that this method has strong specificity/specificity (t values were 0.15, 0.22, both P>0.05), good precision (CV value 5.37%~10.69%) and good robustness (CV value 10.06%). The detection results of this method and the pharmacopoeia method have high correlation (r=0.96, P<0.05) and high consistency (Bias-2.060, 95% Limits of Agreement-5.628~1.508). 【Conclusion】 A method for detecting human immunoglobulin Fc function based on surface plasmon resonance has been successfully established.

Plasma protein products, essential drugs for various clinical diseases, are therapeutic biological products extracted from healthy human plasma. The research and development of new plasma protein products, led by United States and European, has been widely deepened and enhanced. Therefore, accelerating the development of new plasma protein products in China is of great significance. This review summarizes the research and development of plasma protein products that have been marketed abroad but have not produced in China, as well as analyzes the difficulties and prospects of the development of plasma protein products in China.

Objective:To explore the effect of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and tight junction protein degradation.Methods:RPMVECs transfected with shERRα were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups: Normal control group (Ctr group); shERRα knockdown group (shERRα group); normal cells + LPS treated group (LPS group): The cells in the six-well plates were cultured in serum-free medium for 12 h, and then treated with 20 μg/mL LPS for 12 h; and shERRα+LPS group: ERRα knockdown cells were treated as the LPS group. ROS fluorescence kit was used to detect the intracellular ROS levels . Apoptosis ratio was detected by TUNEL staining, AnnexinV-FITC and PI. Cell membrane ZO-1 expression was detected by cellular immunofluorescence, and the levels of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, Smac, Cytochrome c, and tight junction protein ZO-1, as well as the expression of Occludin, JAM-A and E-Ca at molecular level were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the Ctr group and the shERRα group, the ROS level, apoptosis rate (TUNEL test: 16.44 ± 2.55; and flow cytometry test: 23.56 ± 2.22), the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Smac and Cytochrome c were increased in the LPS group, while the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and tight junction protein were decreased. In the LPS group. Cellular immunofluorescence results showed that the ZO-1 was degraded in the cell membrane and the network structure was broken. Compared with the LPS group, inhibition of ERRα in the shERRα+LPS group increased cell damage.Conclusions:ERRα can negatively regulate the apoptosis and affect the function of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, thereby regulating sepsis-induced acute lung injury.