ObjectiveTo systematically identify the chemical constituents of Xuefu Zhuyutang（XFZY） and quantitatively determine its main components， aiming to elucidate its pharmacodynamic material basis and provide a scientific foundation for improving its quality control standards. MethodsUltra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） was employed for qualitative analysis of XFZY， and the identification of compounds was accomplished by comparing their retention times， secondary MS fragment ion information， 52 reference standards and relevant databases， followed by attribution of their herbal sources. A total of 22 representative compounds were screened out， and UPLC-quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TRAP-MS/MS） was applied for quantitative analysis of the compounds in the formula. ResultsA total of 77 compounds were identified in XFZY， including 31 flavonoids mainly derived from Aurantii Fructus， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Persicae Semen， Carthami Flos， Bupleuri Radix， Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix， 24 terpenoids mainly derived from Platycodonis Radix， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Rehmanniae Radix， 9 phenylpropanoids and their derivatives mainly derived from Chuanxiong Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Rehmanniae Radix， 4 phenolic acids mainly derived from Chuanxiong Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Paeoniae Radix Rubra， 3 saccharides mainly derived from Rehmanniae Radix and Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix， and 6 other compounds mainly derived from Persicae Semen， Rehmanniae Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the contents of protocatechuic acid， hydroxypaeoniflorin， amygdalin， vanillic acid， paeoniflorin， liquiritin apioside， liquiritin， isoquercitrin， naringin， cosmosiin， hesperidin， neohesperidin， isoliquiritin， liquiritigenin， naringenin， benzoylpaeoniflorin， hesperetin， isoliquiritigenin， formononetin， glycyrrhizic acid， nobiletin and ligustilide in XFZY were determined to be 0.12， 1.57， 54.53， 0.29， 36.17， 4.29， 4.84， 0.09， 46.67， 0.04， 3.44， 31.95， 0.82， 0.10， 0.11， 0.43， 0.07， 0.03， 0.01， 8.24， 0.13， 1.81 mg·g^-1. ConclusionThe qualitative method established in this study enables rapid and sensitive analysis of the chemical constituents in XFZY. Among the identified compounds， 52 are confirmed by reference standards， ensuring the accuracy of identification. The quantitative analysis of 22 key components provides a reliable experimental basis for the pharmacodynamic material basis research and quality control standard improvement of XFZY.

Objective To compare the differences in intraoperative radiation exposure between leadless and transvenous pacemaker implantation. Methods Cumulative dose (CD), dose area product (DAP), and fluoroscopy time during procedure were recorded and analyzed in 21 patients with leadless pacemaker implantation (Micra group), 55 patients with transvenous single-chamber pacemaker implantation (VVI group), and 216 patients with transvenous dual-chamber pacemaker implantation (DDD group). Results The fluoroscopy times of the Micra group, VVI group, and DDD group were 5.0 ± 1.9, 4.8 ± 1.4, and 7.6 ± 1.9 min, respectively (P < 0.001). Their CD values were 203.5 ± 76.1, 147.0 ± 41.0, and 249.6 ± 58.2 mGy, respectively (P < 0.001). Their DAP values were 18.6 ± 7.1, 13.4 ± 3.9, and 22.6 ± 5.6 Gy·cm², respectively (P < 0.001). Compared with the VVI group, the Micra group had similar fluoroscopy time (P=0.813) but higher CD (P=0.010) and DAP values (P = 0.012). Compared with the DDD group, the Micra group had reduced fluoroscopy time (P < 0.001), CD value (P = 0.033), and DAP value (P = 0.047). Conclusion Leadless pacemaker implantation is associated with increased radiation exposure compared to transvenous single-chamber pacemaker implantation. However, it offers a significant advantage in reducing radiation exposure for both medical staff and patients compared to transvenous dual-chamber pacemaker implantation.

This study established the mouse podocyte clone-5 (MPC5) with Smad3 knockout and studied the effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) on the dedifferentiation of the MPC5 cells with Smad3 knockout, aiming to provide a cell tool for studying the role of Smad3 in mouse podocytes. The single-guide RNA (sgRNA) sequence targeting Smad3 was designed according to the principles of CRISPR/Cas9 design. The pX458-Smad3 vector was constructed and introduced into competent cells, and then the vector was extracted and used to transfect MPC5 cells. The successfully transfected cells were sorted by a flow cytometer. After single-cell clone expansion, PCR amplification of sequences adjacent to the edition site of Smad3 and sequencing were performed to identify potential cells with gene knockout. Western blotting was employed to verify the knockout efficiency of Smad3. Finally, the effect of Smad3 knockout on TGF-β1-induced dedifferentiation of MPC5 cells was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reacting (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and the immunofluorescence method. The sgRNA was designed to target the fifth exon of Smad3. EGFP expression was observed 24 h after transfection of the pX458-Smad3 plasmid into MPC5 cells, with the transfection efficiency of 0.1% as determined by flow cytometry. From the transfected cells, 21 cell clones were obtained through flow cytometric sorting and single-cell clone expansion. PCR amplification and sequencing of the region around the sgRNA target site in Smad3 identified two cell clones with biallelic frameshift mutations. Western blotting results confirmed the absence of Smad3 expression in these clones, indicating successful establishment of the MPC5 cell line with Smad3 knockout. In normal MPC5 cells, TGF-β1 stimulation promoted the expression of fibrosis-related genes fibronectin and Col1a1 (collagen I) and inhibited the expression of the podocyte marker proteins synaptopodin and podocin, which suggested epithelial-mesenchymal transition and podocyte injury. However, in the two MPC5 cell lines with Smad3 knockout, TGF-β1-induced expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers was significantly suppressed. The MPC5 cell lines with Smad3 knockout that were constructed by CRISPR/Cas9 provide a valuable cell model for functional studies of Smad3 protein and highlight the critical role of Smad3 in cell dedifferentiation.
Animals ; Smad3 Protein/genetics* ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; Mice ; Podocytes/metabolism* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology* ; Cell Line ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics*

This paper elaborated the structural principles,structures and working principles of the A5 type passive training system for hand function through discussed the clinical application of passive training system for hand function in the rehabilitation of patients with stroke.It analyzed a series of occurring common faults during system operation,such as system errors caused by missing components,improper sensitivity settings for spasticity,abnormal connections for equipment,motor failures,jam and pause of robotic hand,and faults of lifting table,and conducted fault analysis for them.After that,this paper proposed corresponding handling strategies and solutions for faults,which included software configuration,calibration and detection of robotic hand sensors,repair of connection fault,and regular maintenance and replacement of system's components.It provided theoretical basis for the maintenance and optimization of the passive training system for hand function.Thus,it can rapid remove troubles,and reduce the equipment's failure rate of passive training system for hand function,and improve the equipment's normal utilization rate,and ensure favorable performance of equipment in long-term use.

Objective To evaluate the quality of ketoconazole lotion produced by different domestic companies.Methods Legal standards and exploratory research were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 45 batches(40 batch numbers)of ketoconazole lotion for national drug sampling inspection in 2024,including related substances,antioxidant content,packaging oxygen permeability,in vitro permeation test,and viscosity,antibacterial efficacy,irritation,microstructure,etc.Results The legal standard inspection pass rate was 100.0%.Correlation analysis found that the main factors affecting the quality of this product are prescription technology and packaging.Conclusion It is recommended that manufacturers optimize the prescription process as soon as possible,and pay attention to choose suitable packaging materials,effectively improve the quality of ketoconazole lotion.

This paper elaborated the structural principles,structures and working principles of the A5 type passive training system for hand function through discussed the clinical application of passive training system for hand function in the rehabilitation of patients with stroke.It analyzed a series of occurring common faults during system operation,such as system errors caused by missing components,improper sensitivity settings for spasticity,abnormal connections for equipment,motor failures,jam and pause of robotic hand,and faults of lifting table,and conducted fault analysis for them.After that,this paper proposed corresponding handling strategies and solutions for faults,which included software configuration,calibration and detection of robotic hand sensors,repair of connection fault,and regular maintenance and replacement of system's components.It provided theoretical basis for the maintenance and optimization of the passive training system for hand function.Thus,it can rapid remove troubles,and reduce the equipment's failure rate of passive training system for hand function,and improve the equipment's normal utilization rate,and ensure favorable performance of equipment in long-term use.

Objective To evaluate the quality of ketoconazole lotion produced by different domestic companies.Methods Legal standards and exploratory research were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 45 batches(40 batch numbers)of ketoconazole lotion for national drug sampling inspection in 2024,including related substances,antioxidant content,packaging oxygen permeability,in vitro permeation test,and viscosity,antibacterial efficacy,irritation,microstructure,etc.Results The legal standard inspection pass rate was 100.0%.Correlation analysis found that the main factors affecting the quality of this product are prescription technology and packaging.Conclusion It is recommended that manufacturers optimize the prescription process as soon as possible,and pay attention to choose suitable packaging materials,effectively improve the quality of ketoconazole lotion.

Objective Establish a standardized evaluation system for medical faults,and provide theoretical basis for medical institutions and related industries to evaluate the illegality of medical behaviors.Methods Based on a litera-ture review,the medical fault assessment system was initially constructed,and then a research group was estab-lished to use Delphi method to invite 31 experts to evaluate the importance and feasibility of each article of the medi-cal fault assessment system and put forward suggestions for modification.Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.9％and 96.8％,the expert authority coefficient was 0.902 and 0.887,and the Kendall's W test of all levels differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The medical fault assess-ment system finally constructed includes 5 first-level items including practicing medicine according to law,informed notification,diagnosis and treatment technology,medical record documents and hospital management,as well as 10 second-level items,20 third-level items and 47 fourth-level items.The mean values of importance and feasibili-ty scores of all articles were greater than 4,standard deviations were less than 1,and coefficients of variation were less than 0.2.Conclusion The medical fault standardized evaluation system is scientific,reliable,innovative and appli-cable.

Objective Establish a standardized evaluation system for medical faults,and provide theoretical basis for medical institutions and related industries to evaluate the illegality of medical behaviors.Methods Based on a litera-ture review,the medical fault assessment system was initially constructed,and then a research group was estab-lished to use Delphi method to invite 31 experts to evaluate the importance and feasibility of each article of the medi-cal fault assessment system and put forward suggestions for modification.Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.9％and 96.8％,the expert authority coefficient was 0.902 and 0.887,and the Kendall's W test of all levels differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The medical fault assess-ment system finally constructed includes 5 first-level items including practicing medicine according to law,informed notification,diagnosis and treatment technology,medical record documents and hospital management,as well as 10 second-level items,20 third-level items and 47 fourth-level items.The mean values of importance and feasibili-ty scores of all articles were greater than 4,standard deviations were less than 1,and coefficients of variation were less than 0.2.Conclusion The medical fault standardized evaluation system is scientific,reliable,innovative and appli-cable.

Objective Establish a standardized evaluation system for medical faults,and provide theoretical basis for medical institutions and related industries to evaluate the illegality of medical behaviors.Methods Based on a litera-ture review,the medical fault assessment system was initially constructed,and then a research group was estab-lished to use Delphi method to invite 31 experts to evaluate the importance and feasibility of each article of the medi-cal fault assessment system and put forward suggestions for modification.Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.9％and 96.8％,the expert authority coefficient was 0.902 and 0.887,and the Kendall's W test of all levels differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The medical fault assess-ment system finally constructed includes 5 first-level items including practicing medicine according to law,informed notification,diagnosis and treatment technology,medical record documents and hospital management,as well as 10 second-level items,20 third-level items and 47 fourth-level items.The mean values of importance and feasibili-ty scores of all articles were greater than 4,standard deviations were less than 1,and coefficients of variation were less than 0.2.Conclusion The medical fault standardized evaluation system is scientific,reliable,innovative and appli-cable.