Piezo1, a mechanosensitive nonselective cation channel characterized by multiple transmembrane domains, plays a critical role intransducing mechanical stimuli at the cellular membrane and participates in various physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have established a significant association between Piezo1 and the occurrence and development of multiple ophthalmic disorders. Substantial evidence demonstrates that Piezo1 contributes to ocular disease progression by regulating fundamental cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses, with particular relevance to glaucoma, corneal diseases, retinal disorders, and dry eye syndrome. Piezo1 has made rapid progress in ophthalmology, and has been established as an important mechanosensor in the eye, widely involved in intraocular pressure regulation, retinal function maintenance, corneal homeostasis and repair, and ocular development, and its dysfunction is closely related to the pathological mechanisms of many important blinding eye diseases. Consequently, Piezo1 is not only a key molecule for understanding ocular mechanobiology, but also represents a highly promising therapeutic target. Its study offers new perspectives for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against ocular diseases. This review systematically summarizes current research advances regarding Piezo1 channels in ophthalmology, analyzes their mechanistic involvement in disease processes, and evaluates their potential therapeutic value, thereby offering innovative perspectives for the clinical management of ocular diseases.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor de-escalation and nicorandil therapy in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 300 elderly patients with ACS were selected from the Sixth and Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital and Beijing Chaoyang Integrative Medicine Emergency Rescue and First Aid Hospital from November 2016 to June 2019,including 153 males and 147 females,aged>65 years old.All the patients received PCI,and all had double antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)scores≥2 and a new DAPT(PRECISE-DAPT)score of≥25.All patients were divided into two groups by random number table method before operation:ticagrelor group(n=146,ticagrelor 180 mg load dose followed by PCI,and ticagrelor 90 mg bid after surgery)and ticagrelor de-escalation + nicorandil group(n=154,ticagrelor 180 mg load dose followed by PCI,ticagrelor 90 mg bid+nicorandil 5 mg tid after surgery,changed to ticagrelor 60 mg bid+ nicorandil 5 mg tid 6 months later).Follow-up was 12 months.The composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction and stroke,the composite end points of mild hemorrhage,minor hemorrhage,other major hemorrhage and major fatal/life-threatening hemorrhage as defined by the PLATO study,and the composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction,stroke and bleeding within 12 months in the two groups were observed.Results The comparison of general baseline data between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).There was also no significant difference in the composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction and stroke between the two groups(P>0.05).The cumulative incidence of bleeding events in ticagrelor de-escalation + nicorandil group was significantly lower than that in ticagrelor group(P<0.05),while the composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction,stroke and bleeding were also significantly lower than those in tecagrelor group(P<0.05).Conclusion In elderly patients with ACS,the treatment of ticagrelor de-escalation + nicorandil after PCI may not increase the incidence of ischemic events such as cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction or stroke,and it may reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic events.

Ferroptosis is a novel type of iron-dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation. More and more evidence shows that ferroptosis is related to various pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetic nephropathy, and cancer. Ferroptosis driven by lipid peroxidation may promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of these diseases. The intracellular antioxidant system plays an important role in resisting ferroptosis by inhibiting lipid peroxidation. The key pathways of ferroptosis include the amino acid metabolism pathway with SLC7A11-GPX4 as the key molecule, the iron metabolism pathway with ferritin or transferrin as the main component, and the lipid metabolism pathway. The occurrence of ferroptosis is regulated by intracellular proteins, which undergo various post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is one of the main degradation systems in cells. It catalyzes the ubiquitin molecule to label the protein and then the proteasome recognizes and degrades the target protein. UPS promotes ferroptosis by promoting the degradation of key ferroptosis molecules (such as SLC7A11, GPX4, and GSH) and antioxidant systems (such as NRF2). UPS can also inhibit ferroptosis by promoting the degradation of related molecules in the lipid metabolism pathway (such as ACLS4 and ALOX15). In this review, we summarize the latest research progress of ubiquitination modification in the regulation of ferroptosis, generalize the published studies on the regulation of ferroptosis by E3 ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitination, and sum up the targets of ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitination regulating ferroptosis, which is helpful to identify new prognostic indicators in human diseases and provide potential therapeutic strategies for these diseases.

Objective To construct curcumin pyrazole derivative by the reaction of diketone of curcumin and benzylhydrazine based on the above structure-activity relationship,and to explore its antioxidant activity to provide experimental basis for the development of curcumin antioxidant derivative.Methods Curcumin-N-substituted pyrazole derivative was synthesized from curcumin and benzylhydrazine.The structures of the derivative were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy(IR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-NMR,13C-NMR)and LC-MS.The antioxidant activity in vitro of the derivative was evaluated by determination of curcumin and its pyrazole derivative scavenging ability for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS)free radical.Results Curcumin pyrazole derivative was successfully synthesized.Curcumin and its pyrazole derivative showed good free radical scavenging effects in the range of 4.6-73.6,6.25-100 μg·mL-1,respectively,with a significant dose-effect relationship.The half-maximal inhibition(IC50)values of curcumin and its pyrazole derivatives determined by DPPH method were 14.24,40.37 μg·mL-1,respectively,while the IC50 values of curcumin and its pyrazole derivatives determined by ABTS method were 36.65,19.26 μg·mL-1,respectively.Conclusion The antioxidant activity of β-dione of curcumin was retained through the substitution of the pyrazole ring,and the curcumin pyrazole derivative deserves further investigation as a potential antioxidant.

Objective To construct a simulation model for percutaneous intramuscular septal radiofrequency ablation,and to explore the effects of different excitation voltages and ablation time on ablation areas.Methods By using Mimics software the segmentation and three-dimensional surface reconstruction of the tissue in various regions of the heart were realized based on the preoperative CT data of some patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,and the reconstructed tissue was transformed into three-dimensional solid models with SolidWorks software,then the models were combined with the electrode needle mechanism established in COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software to form a simulation model for percutaneous intramuscular septal radiofrequency ablation.Electromagnetic and thermal multiphysics field boundary conditions were set with the model developed,and the tissue temperature distribution and the effects of ablation time and excitation voltage on the ablation region were simulated and analyzed.Results Simulation analysis of percutaneous intramuscular septal radiofrequency ablation could be carried out with the model developed,and different excitation voltages and ablation time proved to have significant effects on the effective ablation region.Conclusion The model constructed for percutaneous intramuscular septal radiofrequency ablation lays a foundation for the following research of the effects of multiple factors on ablation outcomes,which is of significance for parameter optimization in actual clinical treatment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(4):45-50]

Objective To study the ability of radial basis function neural network(RBFNN)with different implementations for electrical impedance tomography(EIT)under real brain shapes,to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches,and to provide a reference for the selection of practical imaging methods.Methods COMSOL Multiphysics was used to establish a multilayer 2D model with real structure based on brain CT and an EIT simulation dataset.The effects of the exact RBFNN,the orthogonal least squares-based RBFNN(OLS RBFNN)and the K-Means-based BRFNN(K-Means RBFNN)on the image reconstruction result were explored with the dataset constructed.The root mean square error(RMSE)and image correlation coefficient(ICC)were adopted to evaluate the imaging results.Results EIT could be completed with all the three RBFNNs without noise,and the exact RBFNN had the best results with average ICC and RMSE of 0.784 and 0.467,respectively,in the test set.The OLS RBFNN had the best imaging results at a hidden node of 50,with an average ICC and RMSE of 0.788 and 0.462,respectively.The K-Means RBFNN achieved the best imaging results at noise levels of 30,40,50,60,70 and 80 dB with stable ICC and RMSE and high robustness.Conclusion All the three RBFNNs can be used for brain EIT image reconstruction with their own advantages and disadvantages,and the RBFNN has to be selected for EIT reconstruc-tion based on considerations on actual conditions.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(10):1-6]

Objective:To analyze the CT and MRI imaging features of Kimura disease in parotid region.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. From January 2018 to June 2023, a total of 40 patients with Kimura disease in parotid region who were initially diagnosed and confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively collected in the Ninth People′s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. There were 36 male patients and 4 female patients, with an age of (46±19) years, ranging from 8 to 74 years old. The clinical data, preoperative CT and MRI findings were analyzed. For patients undergoing MRI examination, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the lesion was measured, and the type of time-signal intensity curve (TIC) was analyzed.Results:The ratio of male to female patients was 9∶1, with a long clinical history (1 month to 20 years). And 37 cases (37/40, 92.5%) were associated with elevated peripheral blood eosinophils. Among the 40 cases, there were 4 cases of nodular type, 34 cases of diffuse type, and 2 cases of intermediate type. Nodular type: All lesions were located in the superficial lobe of unilateral parotid gland, and 3 cases had multiple lesions. The lesions were round, well-defined, and homogeneous in density or signal intensity. Two lesions showed hyperintensity on T 2WI and obvious homogeneous enhancement. The TIC was plateau type, and the ADC values were 0.74×10 -3 mm 2/s and 0.82×10 -3 mm 2/s. Diffuse type: The 22 cases had multiple lesions, and 20 cases had subcutaneous lesions in other parts of the head and neck. The lesions were irregular in shape and ill-defined in boundary. The adjacent subcutaneous tissue and skin were involved in 33 cases. The density or signal intensity of the lesions was heterogeneous, and among the 15 patients who underwent MRI, 14 cases showed uneven slightly hyperintensity with hypointense strips on T 2WI, moderate or significant enhancement. TIC showed a persistent pattern in 9 cases, and a plateau pattern in 6 cases. The ADC value was (0.99±0.21)×10 -3 mm 2/s. Intermediate type: The 2 cases were single, irregular in shape, without involvement of adjacent subcutaneous tissue and skin, with obvious enhancement and no necrosis. And 28 cases of diffuse type and 2 cases of nodular type were accompanied by ipsilateral or bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. The enlarged lymph nodes had clear boundaries, homogeneous density or signal intensity, and homogeneous enhancement. Conclusions:The Kimura disease in parotid region has a long clinical course and elevated peripheral blood eosinophils. The diffuse type is more common in the morphology, with multiple ill-defined lesions in and around the parotid gland, and can be accompanied by similar subcutaneous lesions in other parts of the head and neck with obvious enhancement, accompanied by cervical lymph node enlargement. TIC shows persistent pattern or plateau type, and the ADC value is low. The nodular type and intermediate type are rare.

An automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device was developed, which could keep relatively constant temperature of heat-sensitive moxibustion, and realize the automatic ignition and automatic ash removal of moxa sticks during heat-sensitive moxibustion. The automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device comprises a bracket and a moxibustion box fixed on the top of the bracket; the bracket is composed of a base and a movable telescopic arm. This device can solve the problems of temperature instability, moxa ash blocking heat transfer and moxa ash falling during heat-sensitive moxibustion, avoiding the scalding caused by moxa ash falling, and reduce the workload of medical staff.
Humans ; Hot Temperature ; Moxibustion ; Temperature

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics of hypertension among adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) and to provide clues for exploring the role of genetic and environmental factors on hypertension. Methods: A total of 69 220 (34 610 pairs) of twins aged 18 and above with hypertension information were selected from CNTR registered from 2010 to 2018. Random effect models were used to describe the population and regional distribution of hypertension in twins. To estimate the heritability, the concordance rates of hypertension were calculated and compared between monozygotic twins (MZ) and dizygotic twins (DZ). Results: The age of all participants was (34.1±12.4) years. The overall self-reported prevalence of hypertension was 3.8%(2 610/69 220). Twin pairs who were older, living in urban areas, married, overweight or obese, current smokers or ex-smokers, and current drinkers or abstainers had a higher self-reported prevalence of hypertension (P<0.05). Analysis within the same-sex twin pairs found that the concordance rate of hypertension was 43.2% in MZ and 27.0% in DZ, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The heritability of hypertension was 22.1% (95%CI: 16.3%- 28.0%). Stratified by gender, age, and region, the concordance rate of hypertension in MZ was still higher than that in DZ. The heritability of hypertension was higher in female participants. Conclusions: There were differences in the distribution of hypertension among twins with different demographic and regional characteristics. It is indicated that genetic factors play a crucial role in hypertension in different genders, ages, and regions, while the magnitude of genetic effects may vary.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Alcohol Drinking ; Diseases in Twins/genetics* ; Hypertension/genetics* ; Twins, Dizygotic/genetics* ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics*

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics of hyperlipidemia in adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) and explore the effect of genetic and environmental factors on hyperlipidemia. Methods: Twins recruited from the CNTR in 11 project areas across China were included in the study. A total of 69 130 (34 565 pairs) of adult twins with complete information on hyperlipidemia were selected for analysis. The random effect model was used to characterize the population and regional distribution of hyperlipidemia among twins. The concordance rates of hyperlipidemia were calculated in monozygotic twins (MZ) and dizygotic twins (DZ), respectively, to estimate the heritability. Results: The age of all participants was (34.2±12.4) years. This study's prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 1.3% (895/69 130). Twin pairs who were men, older, living in urban areas, married,had junior college degree or above, overweight, obese, insufficient physical activity, current smokers, ex-smokers, current drinkers, and ex-drinkers had a higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia (P<0.05). In within-pair analysis, the concordance rate of hyperlipidemia was 29.1% (118/405) in MZ and 18.1% (57/315) in DZ, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Stratified by gender, age, and region, the concordance rate of hyperlipidemia in MZ was still higher than that in DZ. Further, in within-same-sex twin pair analyses, the heritability of hyperlipidemia was 13.04% (95%CI: 2.61%-23.47%) in the northern group and 18.59% (95%CI: 4.43%-32.74%) in the female group, respectively. Conclusions: Adult twins were included in this study and were found to have a lower prevalence of hyperlipidemia than in the general population study, with population and regional differences. Genetic factors influence hyperlipidemia, but the genetic effect may vary with gender and area.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Diseases in Twins/genetics* ; Hyperlipidemias/genetics* ; Metabolic Diseases ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics*