Objective:To explore the feasibility of the multiple-choice auditory graphical interactive check（MAGIC） screening module in childhood hearing screening in children aged 3 to 6 years. Methods:A hearing screening was conducted on 366 children（732 ears） aged between 3 and 6 years. The screening methods included MAGIC, DPOAE, and acoustic immittance.The cooperation, screening time, pass rate, and correlation of the three screening methods were compared. Results:There was a statistically significant difference in the degree of cooperation among the three screeningmethods（P=0.004）.The MAGIC pure tone screening method was 98.6%, the screening DPOAE was 99.5%,and the acoustic immittance screening was 100%. For the screening duration, the MAGIC pure tone screening method was（116.3±59.1）s, the screening DPOAE was（27.2±19.7）s, and the acoustic impedance screening was（24.6±14.6）s. There was a significant statistical significance differences among the three or two groups（P<0.01）. The passing rates of MAGIC pure tone screening,screening DPOAE and acoustic immittance screening were 64.7%, 65.4%, and 69.3%, respectively, and there was no significant statistical difference among the three or two groups（P>0.05）. There was no significant difference between MAGIC pure tone screening method and screening DPOAE（P=0.827>0.05）, and acoustic impedance（P=0.653>0.05）, while the difference between screening DPOAE and acoustic impedance was statistically significant（P<0.01）. Conclusion:MAGIC pure sound screening method has good feasibility, can comprehensively reflect the hearing level of screened children, and can be promoted for hearing screening in children aged between 3 and 6 years.
Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Female ; Male ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Mass Screening/methods* ; Feasibility Studies ; Acoustic Impedance Tests/methods* ; Hearing Loss/diagnosis* ; Hearing Tests/methods*

Background While A few studies have suggested associations between ambient temperature and cardiac autonomic function, the relationship between hourly temperature variations and heart rate variability (HRV) remains unclear. Objective To examine the acute effects and lag patterns of short-term ambient temperature exposure on HRV at an hourly temporal resolution during cold and warm seasons, and to further characterize the exposure-response relationships. Methods We conducted a longitudinal panel study involving 1047 eligible participants who ordered repeated 24 h ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, between March 2020 and March 2022. Twelve HRV parameters were extracted, including standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of the 5 min averages of NN intervals (SDANN), standard deviation of NN intervals index (SDNNIDX), root mean square of successive differences of adjacent NN intervals (rMSSD), triangle index (TI), percent of NN50 in the total number of NN intervals (pNN50), total power (TP), ultralow frequency (ULF), very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF). Hourly meteorological data (mean temperature and relative humidity) were obtained from the nearest monitoring stations to participants' residences. Linear mixed effects models (LME) and generalized additive mixed effects models (GAMM) were employed to assess temperature-HRV associations and lag patterns during cold (from October to March next year) and warm (from April to September) seasons, with stratification by sex and age. Results A total of 1047 Urumqi residents who had repeated 24 h ambulatory electrocardiograms were included in this study. In both cold and warm seasons, the exposure-response relationship between ambient temperature and HRV showed an approximately linear negative correlation with no threshold effect; HRV parameters decreased as ambient temperature increased. The correlation between ambient temperature and HRV usually began at a lag of 6 h and disappeared around 24 h lag. The cold season induced a stronger effect on HRV decline, and for every 1 °C increase in ambient temperature during the cold season from lag 0 to 6 h, SDNN decreased by 0.72%, SDNNIDX decreased by 1.46%, TI decreased by 0.07%, SDANN decreased by 1.23%, rMSSD decreased by 1.00%, pNN50 decreased by 2.74%, TP decreased by 3.30%, ULF decreased by 3.74%, VLF decreased by 3.76%, LF decreased by 2.75%, HF decreased by 2.49%, and LF/HF decreased by 0.74%; for every 1 °C increase in ambient temperature during the warm season, SDNN decreased by 0.56%, SDNNIDX decreased by 1.08%, TI decreased by 0.29%, SDANN decreased by 0.56%, rMSSD decreased by 0.68%, pNN50 decreased by 2.11%, TP decreased by 2.64%, ULF decreased by 3.14%, VLF decreased by 2.74%, LF decreased by 1.85%, HF decreased by 1.68%, and LF/HF decreased by 0.47%. Conclusion Elevated ambient temperatures in Urumqi are significantly associated with decreased HRV in the residents, affecting cardiac autonomic function.

Objective: To investigate the dietary lead exposure level among children aged 3 to 4 years in Jiading District, Shanghai Municipality, and assess the health risk caused by lead exposure, so as to provide the basis for the management of children's food safety. Methods: Based on the 2023 Dietary and Health Status Surveillance Project in Jiading District, children aged 3 to 4 years from 12 streets (townships) in Jiading District were selected as the subjects using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The consumption frequency and daily intake of seven subcategories of four major food groups (beans, tofu), cereals (wheat, rice), meat (animal viscera), and aquatic products (mantis shrimps, bivalves) consumed by children over the past three months were collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Food samples were collected according to the food safety risk monitoring plan in Jiading District, and the lead content was detected. The health risks of dietary lead exposure among 3-4-year-old children were quantitatively assessed using the single-factor pollution index method, the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method, and the margin of safety (MOS) method. Results: A total of 143 3-4-year-old children were surveyed, including 69 boys (48.25%) and 74 girls (51.75%). A total of 317 food samples were tested, and lead was detected in all seven subcategories of food samples, with an overall detection rate of 77.29%. The detection rates of lead in bivalves and mantis shrimps of aquatic products were relatively high (98.75% and 100.00%, respectively). The mean lead content of various foods ranged from 0.003 4 to 0.090 7, with the highest level found in bivalves. The lead content of all food samples did not exceed the standard. The single-factor pollution index of seven subcategories ranged from 0.017 2 to 0.148 0, and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index ranged from 0.116 5 to 0.424 4, both of which were less than 0.7. The MOS (mean) ranged from 0.000 3 to 0.003 9, with an overall MOS (mean) of 0.012 2. The MOS (P95) ranged from 0.005 7 to 0.055 9, with an overall MOS (P95) of 0.112 4, both of which were less than 1. Conclusions The lead pollution level in the diet among children aged 3 to 4 years in Jiading District is safe and clean, with an acceptable impact on food safety. However, the detection rate of lead is relatively high, and the main source of dietary lead exposure is aquatic products.

Objective To understand the research status and progress of the application materials of traditional Chinese medicine small splint for the fixation of distal radius fractures and the pressure under splint,provide reference and guidance for further follow-up research.Methods Relevant literature included in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and Pubmed from the establishment of the database to May 30,2023 was searched.CiteSpace software was used for visualization analysis,and the knowledge map of keywords,research institutions and authors was drawn.Results A total of 212 articles were included.The largest number of articles was published in 2014 and 2017,210 articles were published by Chinese people,and 2 articles were published by the Netherlands and Belgium.The top three regions in terms of the number of articles were Guangdong,Jiangsu and Zhejiang.China Journal of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine had the largest number of articles.The research institution Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine published the most papers.The most studied splint materials were"wood splint","paper splint","fir bark","bamboo splint"and"3D printing"."Modified splint","micro-film","tension monitoring","pressure sensing","radial shortening","pad pressure",and"monitoring"were the research hotspots in 2023.Conclusion At present,the most widely used plywood materials are paper,Chinese fir bark and bamboo,and the research heat has not decreased.At present,researchers have made many innovations and improvements to small splints,including adjustable,monitorable,multi-module,and non-invasive.In addition,the application of pressure sensing of micro-films to study the biomechanics of small splint fixation of distal radius fractures is a current research hotspot.In the future,the application of film pressure tester to quantify and intelligent monitor the pressure of splints with different application materials,improved and innovative in different ages and physique should be an important research direction in the future,which is an important step in the transformation of basic research results to clinical practice.

Objective To understand the research status and progress of the application materials of traditional Chinese medicine small splint for the fixation of distal radius fractures and the pressure under splint,provide reference and guidance for further follow-up research.Methods Relevant literature included in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and Pubmed from the establishment of the database to May 30,2023 was searched.CiteSpace software was used for visualization analysis,and the knowledge map of keywords,research institutions and authors was drawn.Results A total of 212 articles were included.The largest number of articles was published in 2014 and 2017,210 articles were published by Chinese people,and 2 articles were published by the Netherlands and Belgium.The top three regions in terms of the number of articles were Guangdong,Jiangsu and Zhejiang.China Journal of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine had the largest number of articles.The research institution Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine published the most papers.The most studied splint materials were"wood splint","paper splint","fir bark","bamboo splint"and"3D printing"."Modified splint","micro-film","tension monitoring","pressure sensing","radial shortening","pad pressure",and"monitoring"were the research hotspots in 2023.Conclusion At present,the most widely used plywood materials are paper,Chinese fir bark and bamboo,and the research heat has not decreased.At present,researchers have made many innovations and improvements to small splints,including adjustable,monitorable,multi-module,and non-invasive.In addition,the application of pressure sensing of micro-films to study the biomechanics of small splint fixation of distal radius fractures is a current research hotspot.In the future,the application of film pressure tester to quantify and intelligent monitor the pressure of splints with different application materials,improved and innovative in different ages and physique should be an important research direction in the future,which is an important step in the transformation of basic research results to clinical practice.

Progressive functional deterioration in the cochlea is associated with age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, the cellular and molecular basis underlying cochlear aging remains largely unknown. Here, we established a dynamic single-cell transcriptomic landscape of mouse cochlear aging, in which we characterized aging-associated transcriptomic changes in 27 different cochlear cell types across five different time points. Overall, our analysis pinpoints loss of proteostasis and elevated apoptosis as the hallmark features of cochlear aging, highlights unexpected age-related transcriptional fluctuations in intermediate cells localized in the stria vascularis (SV) and demonstrates that upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperon protein HSP90AA1 mitigates ER stress-induced damages associated with aging. Our work suggests that targeting unfolded protein response pathways may help alleviate aging-related SV atrophy and hence delay the progression of ARHL.
Mice ; Animals ; Transcriptome ; Aging/metabolism* ; Cochlea ; Stria Vascularis ; Presbycusis

Objective To establish a rapid prediction method of the antioxidant activity in aqueous extract solutions of Melastoma dodecandrum based on ultraviolet spectroscopy and partial least squares regression algorithm. Methods The DPPH free radical scavenging effect was used to characterize the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract solutions of Melastoma dodecandrum. The ultraviolet spectra of 190-600 nm were collected. The partial least squares regression model of antioxidant activity was established after optimizing the wavelength range and preprocessing method. The software was devised using Visual Basic as the integrated development environment to provide a convenient tool for the rapid determination of antioxidant activity. Results The optimal partial least squares regression model was established based on 200-290 nm as wavelength range and unit variance scaling as preprocessing method. The correlation coefficient of calibration, root mean square error of estimation, root mean square error of cross-validation was 0.887, 2.20% and 2.17%, respectively. The correlation coefficient of validation, root mean square error of prediction was 0.868, 2.08%. The average predicted recovery was 100.1±2.3%. With the predictive function in the software, the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract solution of Melastoma dodecandrum can be calculated automatically within 2 s after collecting the ultraviolet spectra. Conclusions This study provides a rapid method for the prediction of antioxidant activity in aqueous extract solutions of Melastoma dodecandrum.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetic differences of pure salidroside and Kunfukang pills in rats and explore the pharmacokinetic changes of salidroside as a pure form or in the mixture. Methods The rats were divided into two groups. One group received pure salidroside and the other was administrated with kunfukang pills. Concentrations of salidroside in both groups were determined by LC/MS/MS method. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Results AUC_0−t of salidroside was (587.11±35.02) in pure salidroside group and (956.35±47.65)ng·h/ml in Kunfukang group. c_max was (85.81±15.66) and (143.86±46.91)ng/ml separately, with significant difference. Conclusion The results indicated that other components in kunfukang pills had influence on the absorption, distribution and elimination of salidroside.

Objective: To explore the predictor of lower airway inflammation among the index of nasal inflammation by investigating the expression and association of eosinophils (EOS) in the upper-lower airways and blood of patients with chronic rhinitis. Methods: A total of 162 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), 117 patients with non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) and 104 controls were enrolled from June 2010 to December 2013 from General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, People′s Liberation Army. All subjects were required detailed medical history collection and nasal resistance measurement. Skin prick test (SPT), blood total immunoglobin E (tIgE) and blood EOS, nasal lavage and induced sputum EOS, nasal provocation and bronchial provocation test (NPT, BPT), nasal and forced exhaled nitric oxide (NNO, FeNO) were performed in all patients. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups. LSD t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between the two groups. Pearson or Spearman related parameter test was used for correlation analysis. Results: The nasal lavage EOS, NNO, induced sputum EOS, FeNO, blood EOS and tIgE were higher in the AR group than that in the NAR group (3.70[1.20, 14.23]/200 HP vs 1.40[0.20, 3.40]/200 HP, 673.50[466.80, 936.00] ppb vs 455.80[248.10, 705.60] ppb, 2.97[0.00, 10.63]% vs 1.00[0.23, 2.00]%, (49.28±26.37)ppb vs (34.07±19.11)ppb, 4.00[2.00, 7.00]% vs 2.00[1.00, 5.00]%, 208.01[61.70, 387.50] IU/ml vs 43.30[19.00, 122.00] IU/ml, F or χ² value was 11.442, 19.440, 70.727, 69.449, 47.453, 46.525, respectively, all P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in nasal resistance, NPT and BPT between the two groups. Nasal lavage EOS in AR group and NAR group was correlated with induced sputum EOS, FeNO, tIgE and blood EOS (r value of AR group was 0.448, 0.202, 0.159, 0.321, r value of NAR group was 0.442, 0.268, 0.268, 0.334, respectively, all P<0.05), but not with BPT. After adjustment for gender, age, height and weight, nasal EOS was positively correlated with sputum EOS. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that nasal EOS, blood EOS and SPT were factors affecting sputum EOS levels. The optimal threshold for nasal EOS to determine induced sputum EOS was 3.30/200 HP by (receiver operating characteristic,ROC) analysis. Conclusion The nasal EOS is correlated with multiple lower airway and systemic inflammatory markers, and is a risk factor for the induced sputum EOS, which can be used as an inflammation biomarker to predict the lower air inflammation.

Objective: To observe the material basis and mechanism of action of Kai-Xin-San (KXS) in regulating antidepression of neurotrophic factors. Methods: KXS eluted by ethanol on macroporous resin was prepared. The antidepressive effect of different components was compared by tailing suspension test and forced swimming test of mice. The levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus were determined by ELISA. The rat astrocyte glioma C6 cell line and the rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line were used to evaluate the effects of different ethanol elution sites on the expression of NGF and BDNF and the differentiation of PC12 cells.Results: All of the ethanol elution components from KXS exerted anti-depressive effects by shorting the immobile time of tailing suspension and forced swimming of mice and 70％ ethanol elution components exerted best efficacy. This site also could increase expressions of NGF and BDNF on C6 glioma cell line. The 10％ ethanol elution site had the strongest ability to promote PC12 cell differentiation. Ginsenosides were the main effectuve ingredients for promoting the expression of neurotrophic factors. Conclusion: Regulation of neurotrophic factors might be the prominent action mechanism of KXS exerting anti-depressive effects.