Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, which increases the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). In the pathophysiology of IBD, ubiquitination/deubiquitination plays a critical regulatory function. Josephin domain containing 2 (JOSD2), a deubiquitinating enzyme, controls cell proliferation and carcinogenesis. However, its role in IBD remains unknown. Colitis mice model developed by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) or colon tissues from individuals with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease showed a significant upregulation of JOSD2 expression in the macrophages. JOSD2 deficiency exacerbated the phenotypes of DSS-induced colitis by enhancing colon inflammation. DSS-challenged mice with myeloid-specific JOSD2 deletion developed severe colitis after bone marrow transplantation. Mechanistically, JOSD2 binds to the C-terminal of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) and preferentially cleaves K63-linked polyubiquitin chains at the K134 site, suppressing IMPDH2 activity and preventing activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inflammation in macrophages. It was also shown that JOSD2 knockout significantly exacerbated increased azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-induced CRC, and AAV6-mediated JOSD2 overexpression in macrophages prevented the development of colitis in mice. These outcomes reveal a novel role for JOSD2 in colitis through deubiquitinating IMPDH2, suggesting that targeting JOSD2 is a potential strategy for treating IBD.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of compound carraghenates suppositories in the treatment of wounds after anal fissure operation. Methods:Eighty-eight cases of patients with anal fistula post-operation wounds were diagnosed from June 2011 to June 2014 and randomly divided into the observation group (n=44) and the control group (n=44). The control group was treated with the conventional treatment and the observation group was treated with external compound carraghenates suppositories additionally. The efficacy, average healing time, growing time of granulation tissue and removal time of necrotic tissue, pain disappear-ance time and wound edema disappearance time after the operation and the area of wound surface in the two groups were observed and compared. Results:After the 14-day treatment, the time of wound healing, granulation growth and cure in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P<0. 05). In the observation group, the total effective rate (93. 18%) was higher than that in the control group (77. 27%, P<0. 05). After the 7-day and 14-day treatment, the pain score and wound edema score in the observa-tion group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05), and the wound area was significantly smaller than that in the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of external compound carraghenates suppositories in the treatment of wounds after anal fissure operation is significant, safe and reliable.

Objective To study Twist,E-CD expression in colorectal cancer tissues and its relationship with colorectal cancer invasion,metastasis and prognosis.Methods Immunohistochemical staining (EnVision) was used to detect E-CD,Twist expression of normal colon mucosa in 30 cases,colorectal adenoma in 30 cases and colorectal cancer tissues in 142 cases.Chi-square、Fisher's and Spearman test were used to analyze E-CD and Twist protein expression,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate COX regression were used to analyze prognosis of patients.Results E-CD in the normal mucosa were positively expressed in 90％ cases,which was significantly higher than that in colorectal adenomas (63％) (P =0.046) and colorectal cancer tissues (42％) (P =0.000).E-CD expression was related to tumor differentiation (P =0.048),invasion depth (P =0.000),vein (P =0.000) and lymph vessel invasions (P =0.030),lymph node metastasis (P =0.001) and Dukes' stage (P =0.016),but not related to patient's age(P =0.174),gender(P =0.159),tumor size (P =0.628) and tumor histological type (P =0.153).1,3,5 year survival rate in patients with positive E-CD expression was significantly higher than that in patients with negative expression (P =0.000).Positive expression rate of Twist in colorectal cancer tissues (68％) was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa (20％,P =0.000) and colorectal adenomas (30％,P =0.000).Twist expression was related to tumor histological type (P =0.000),differentiation(P =0.000),invasion depth(P =0.000),vein(P =0.000) and lymph vessel invasions(P =0.000),lymph node metastasis(P =0.010) and Dukes' stage(P =0.000).1,3,5 year's survival rate of Twist-negative expression patients was significantly higher than that in patients with positive expression (P =0.000).E-CD and Twist in colorectal cancer tissues were negatively correlated (r =-0.530,P =0.000).COX multivariate analysis shows that vein invasion (P =0.045),lymph node metastasis (P =0.040),Dukes' stage (P =0.000),E-CD (P =0.003) and Twist (P =0.031) were independent prognostic indicators.Conclusions E-CD and Twist expression in colorectal cancer are related to tumor invasion,metastasis and prognosis.Low E-CD expression and high Twist expression are related to poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the distribution of anti-TTV antibody and the different ORF gene in different populations of China.

METHODSThe antibody to TTV in sera collected from different population were detected by using ELISA and the different ORF genes were amplified with PCR.

RESULTSThe positive rates of TTV ORF1 DNA, ORF2 DNA and the antibody in various populations were as follows: 16.0% (12/75), 10.7% (8/75) and 25.3% (19/75) in paid blood donors; 10.0 (3/30), 16.7% (5/30) and 16.7% (5/30) in patients with hepatitis A, 47.5% (19/40), 42.5% (17/40) and 22.5% (9/40) in patients with hepatitis B; 42.9% (15/35), 37.1% (13/35) and 28.6% (10/35) in patients with hepatitis C; 20.0% (3/15), 26.7% (4/15) and 13.3% (2/15)in patients with hepatitis D; 16.7% (2/12),16.7% (2/12) and 33.3% (4/12)in patients with hepatitis E; 23.8% (5/21), 38.1% (8/21) and 23.8% (5/21) in patients with hepatitis G; 61.1% (11/18), 50.0% (9/18) and 44.4% (8/18) in patients with non A-G hepatitis, respectively. The positive rate of different ORF DNA had no significant difference. Significant differences were found in the positive rates of TTV DNA in various populations. There was no relationship between the TTV DNA and the antibody to TTV.

CONCLUSIONSThe antibody to TTV and TTV DNA were found in every population of China. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of TTV DNA between ORF1 and ORF2. The positive rate in patients with non A-G hepatitis was higher than those in the other populations.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA Virus Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Open Reading Frames ; genetics ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Torque teno virus ; genetics ; immunology