Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Di'ao Xinxuekang Capsules combined with injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Methods:This study was a prospective research. A total of 90 patients with diabetic retinopathy treated at The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province from September 2021 to March 2024 were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group, with 45 patients in each group, using the random number table method. The control group received treatment with injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase, while the observation group underwent treatment with Di'ao Xinxuekang Capsules in addition to injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase. Both groups were treated for 14 days. The clinical efficacy, changes in visual acuity after treatment compared with before treatment, ocular hemodynamic indicators (peak systolic velocity and resistance index), and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:The response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [90.91% (40/45) vs. 73.33% (33/45), χ2 = 8.61, P<0.05]. Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding visual acuity values, retinal thickness, and ocular hemodynamic parameters ( t = 0.11, 0.05, 0.47, 1.08, all P>0.05). After 14 days of treatment, the visual acuity in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(1.06 ± 0.11) vs. (0.81 ± 0.06), t = 12.62, P<0.001]. The peak systolic velocity in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group [(31.85 ± 1.92) cm/s vs. (27.01 ± 1.33) cm/s, t = 8.01, P<0.001]. The retinal thickness in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(311.5 ± 45.2) μm vs. (350.3 ± 59.3) μm, t = -3.49, P<0.001]. The resistance index in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.59 ± 0.02) vs. (0.68 ± 0.04), t = -12.57, P<0.001]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation and control groups [8.89% (4/45) vs. 6.67% (3/45), χ2 = 0.16, P>0.05]. Conclusions:Di'ao Xinxuekang Capsules combined with injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy can effectively enhance clinical efficacy, improve patients' visual acuity and ocular hemodynamic indicators, and is considered safe.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Zhibitai capsules combined with liraglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2MD) complicated by metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Methods:This study used a prospective design. A total of 92 patients with T2DM complicated by MAFLD who were admitted to The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province from September 2023 to September 2024 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 46 patients in each group. Both groups received lifestyle intervention and standard antidiabetic treatment. The control group received subcutaneous injections of liraglutide, while the observation group was treated with liraglutide combined with Zhibitai capsules. All patients were treated for 3 months. Blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, blood lipid levels, liver function, and hemodynamic parameters were compared between the two groups both before and after treatment. The controlled attenuation parameter of liver fat was measured using Fibro Touch. Results:After treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(1.31 ± 0.40) mmol/L vs. (0.90 ± 0.30) mmol/L, t = -5.56, P < 0.001]. The levels of total cholesterol [(3.70 ± 0.80) mmol/L vs. (4.40 ± 0.90) mmol/L], triglycerides [(1.50 ± 0.40) mmol/L vs. (2.60 ± 0.50) mmol/L], and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [(1.80 ± 0.50) mmol/L vs. (2.60 ± 0.60) mmol/L] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 3.94, 11.65, 6.39, all P < 0.001). The controlled attenuation parameter of liver fat in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(249.20 ± 7.60) dB/m vs. (264.70 ± 8.70) dB/m, t = 9.10, P < 0.001]. The level of total bilirubin in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(16.40 ± 1.50) μmol/L vs. (15.00 ± 1.40) μmol/L, t = -4.63, P < 0.05], while the levels of other liver function indicators in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 4.83, 9.57, 3.66, all P < 0.001). After treatment, whole blood viscosity at high shear rates, whole blood viscosity at lower shear rates, plasma viscosity, and platelet aggregation levels were all significantly lower in the observation group compared with the control group ( t = 2.13, 2.62, 2.97, 6.15, 4.00, all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Zhibitai capsules combined with liraglutide can improve blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, and liver function, while also decreasing blood viscosity in patients with T2MD complicated by MAFLD.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Di'ao Xinxuekang Capsules combined with injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Methods:This study was a prospective research. A total of 90 patients with diabetic retinopathy treated at The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province from September 2021 to March 2024 were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group, with 45 patients in each group, using the random number table method. The control group received treatment with injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase, while the observation group underwent treatment with Di'ao Xinxuekang Capsules in addition to injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase. Both groups were treated for 14 days. The clinical efficacy, changes in visual acuity after treatment compared with before treatment, ocular hemodynamic indicators (peak systolic velocity and resistance index), and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:The response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [90.91% (40/45) vs. 73.33% (33/45), χ2 = 8.61, P<0.05]. Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding visual acuity values, retinal thickness, and ocular hemodynamic parameters ( t = 0.11, 0.05, 0.47, 1.08, all P>0.05). After 14 days of treatment, the visual acuity in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(1.06 ± 0.11) vs. (0.81 ± 0.06), t = 12.62, P<0.001]. The peak systolic velocity in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group [(31.85 ± 1.92) cm/s vs. (27.01 ± 1.33) cm/s, t = 8.01, P<0.001]. The retinal thickness in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(311.5 ± 45.2) μm vs. (350.3 ± 59.3) μm, t = -3.49, P<0.001]. The resistance index in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.59 ± 0.02) vs. (0.68 ± 0.04), t = -12.57, P<0.001]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation and control groups [8.89% (4/45) vs. 6.67% (3/45), χ2 = 0.16, P>0.05]. Conclusions:Di'ao Xinxuekang Capsules combined with injectable pancreatic kallidinogenase for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy can effectively enhance clinical efficacy, improve patients' visual acuity and ocular hemodynamic indicators, and is considered safe.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Zhibitai capsules combined with liraglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2MD) complicated by metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Methods:This study used a prospective design. A total of 92 patients with T2DM complicated by MAFLD who were admitted to The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province from September 2023 to September 2024 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 46 patients in each group. Both groups received lifestyle intervention and standard antidiabetic treatment. The control group received subcutaneous injections of liraglutide, while the observation group was treated with liraglutide combined with Zhibitai capsules. All patients were treated for 3 months. Blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, blood lipid levels, liver function, and hemodynamic parameters were compared between the two groups both before and after treatment. The controlled attenuation parameter of liver fat was measured using Fibro Touch. Results:After treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(1.31 ± 0.40) mmol/L vs. (0.90 ± 0.30) mmol/L, t = -5.56, P < 0.001]. The levels of total cholesterol [(3.70 ± 0.80) mmol/L vs. (4.40 ± 0.90) mmol/L], triglycerides [(1.50 ± 0.40) mmol/L vs. (2.60 ± 0.50) mmol/L], and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [(1.80 ± 0.50) mmol/L vs. (2.60 ± 0.60) mmol/L] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 3.94, 11.65, 6.39, all P < 0.001). The controlled attenuation parameter of liver fat in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(249.20 ± 7.60) dB/m vs. (264.70 ± 8.70) dB/m, t = 9.10, P < 0.001]. The level of total bilirubin in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(16.40 ± 1.50) μmol/L vs. (15.00 ± 1.40) μmol/L, t = -4.63, P < 0.05], while the levels of other liver function indicators in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 4.83, 9.57, 3.66, all P < 0.001). After treatment, whole blood viscosity at high shear rates, whole blood viscosity at lower shear rates, plasma viscosity, and platelet aggregation levels were all significantly lower in the observation group compared with the control group ( t = 2.13, 2.62, 2.97, 6.15, 4.00, all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Zhibitai capsules combined with liraglutide can improve blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, and liver function, while also decreasing blood viscosity in patients with T2MD complicated by MAFLD.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of gestational transient thyrotoxicosis(GTT) and analyze the cause of thyrotoxicosis encountered in this period MethodsAn epidemiologic survey in ten hospitals in Shenyang was performed and 534 pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy filled questionaire,received physical examination and had serum thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),free T4 (FT4),free T3(FT3),thyroid peroxjdase antibody(TPOAb),thyrotrophin receptor antibody(TRAb),and human chorionic gonadotrophin(hCG)tests.Results(1)The total prevalence of thyrotoxicosis was 9.75%(52/534)in the first trimester and the prevalence of Grrr was 7.86%.which accounted for 80.77%of the thyroxicosis encountered in this period.A total of 88.89%of the overt GTT showed only elevated FT3 level.(2)The level of serum hCG increased gradually in the first trimester.The medians of hCG were 25 300,85 220 and 81 780 IU/L 6,8-10 and 12 weeks after gestation.respectively(P=0.000).The medians of serum TSH were 1.45.1.10 and 0.84 mlU/I,6.8-10 and 12 weeks after gestation,respectively(P＜0.01).(3)When segum hCG was more than 50 000 IU/L,the prevalece of GTT increased obviously.When serum hCG was between 80000 IU/L and 110000 IU/L,subclinical GTT increased significantly.When serum hCG was more than 110000 IU/L,overt GTT increased significantly.Correlation analysis showed that serum hCG was related negatively with TSH(r=-0.402,P=0.000)and positively with FT3(r=0.165,P=0.000),but not related with FT4.Conclusions The prevalence of GTT is 7.86%in the first trimester and it is the main cause of thyrotoxicosis found in the first trimester,accounting for 80.77%of all the causes.The serological characteristic of overt GTT is mainly the elevation of serum FT3 leveL Serum hCG level is related with the severity of GTT.

The plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and endothelin (ET) were assayed in 76 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and 23 healthy subjects, and the changes of CGRP and ET levels after treatment with angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist (ARBS) were observed. The results showed that CGRP level was increased and ET level decreased after treatment with ARBS, which seemed to delay the onset and development of DN.

Objective To investigate the expression of survivin (an apoptosis inhibitor) in thyroid carcinoma and its relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Methods Sixty-eight cases of thyroid carcinoma, 12 cases of thyroid adenoma and 10 cases of normal thyroid tissue were involved. Immunohistochemistry (SABC method) was used to detect the expression of survivin, caspase-3 and VEGF, and then their relationship with the major clinicalpathologicalparametersofthyroidcarcinoma was analysed. Results No survivin was expressedinnormalthyroidtissue,butsurvivinwasweakly expressed in thyroid adenoma (16.7%) and strongly expressed in thyroid carcinoma (57.4%); caspase-3 was obviously expressed in three kinds of tissue (70.0%, 75.0%, 69.1%), and VEGF was expressed in 75.0% of thyroid carcinoma and 41.7% of thyroid adenoma. In thyroid carcinoma, survivin expression had no correlation with caspase-3 expression, but significant positive correlation existed between surviving and VEGF (r=0.302,P