Objective:To compare the effect of delaying progression of myopia in children between defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lens and orthokeratology.Methods:A nonrandomized controlled clinical study was conducted.A total of 390 children (390 eyes) with myopia who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to December 2020 were included, with the spherical equivalent (SER) of -0.75 to -6.00 D. According to the willingness of patients and patients' guardians, the subjects were divided into DIMS group, orthokeratology group and single-vision spectacle lens group, with 130 cases (130 eyes) in each group, wearing DIMS spectacle lenses, standard or astigmatic design orthokeratology and conventional single-vision full-correction aspheric spectacle lenses, respectively.The SER of the eyes was measured using an automatic computerized refractometer in combination with subjective refraction before and one year after lens wear, and the axial length (AL) of the eyes was measured using IOLMaster.A total of 327 patients in the three groups met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 107 in the DIMS group, 112 in the orthokeratology group, and 104 in the single-vision spectacle lens group.All the right eyes were included in this study.The changes in SER and AL before and after wearing lenses for 1 year were compared among the three groups.The relationship between AL and SER changes and baseline data in the DIMS group was evaluated by Pearson linear correlation analysis.The study followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (No.2023-KY-0174-002). The subjects and their guardians were fully aware of the purpose and methodology of the study, and voluntarily signed an informed consent form.Results:There were statistically significant overall differences in SER and AL at different time points among the three groups (SER: Fgroup=7.065, P=0.009; Ftime=183.730, P<0.001.AL: Fgroup=6.151, P=0.014; Ftime=175.290, P<0.001). One year later, the differences in SER and AL changes among the three groups were statistically significant ( F=7.065, P=0.009; F=6.151, P=0.014). The SER and AL of each group after 1 year was greater than the baseline, with the SER and AL and their changes significantly smaller in orthokeratology group and DIMS group than in single-vision spectacle lens group and greater in DIMS group than in orthokeratology group, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.05). Compared with single-vision spectacle lenses, wearing orthokeratology for 1 year can inhibit SER and AL progression by 58.3% and 59.0%, and wearing DIMS frame glasses for 1 year can inhibit SER and AL progression by 46.9% and 43.6%.The percentage of eyes with no change in SER was 5.77%(6/104), 24.11%(27/112) and 17.76%(19/107) in the single-vision spectacle lens group, orthokeratology group and DIMS group, respectively, and the percentage of AL was 0.00%(0/104), 8.93%(10/112) and 7.48%(8/107), respectively, showing statistically significant differences among the three groups ( χ2=9.316, 8.676; both at P<0.001). The AL change in the DIMS group was weakly negatively correlated with age ( r=-0.252, P=0.006). Conclusions:Wearing DIMS spectacle lenses is not as effective as orthokeratology in delaying myopia in children, but it is significantly better than wearing conventional single-vision spectacle lenses.

Background:Colonoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of colorectal cancer,and the success of colonoscopy is highly depended on the quality of bowel preparation.Aims:To investigate the impact of the last defecation time before colonoscopy on qualities of bowel preparation and colonoscopy.Methods:Consecutive outpatients who underwent painless colonoscopy from June 2023 to December 2023 at 5 medical centers in Jiangsu Province and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this multicenter cross-sectional study.These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the time interval between the last defecation and the start of colonoscopy.The time interval was≤2 h,2-5 h,and≥5 h in group A,B,and C,respectively.The primary outcome was the score of the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale(BBPS),and the secondary outcomes included the cecal intubation time(CIT),withdrawal time(WT),cecal intubation length(CIL),adenoma detection rate(ADR),and polyp detection rate(PDR).Results:A total of 298 patients underwent painless colonoscopy were enrolled in the study.There were no significant differences in gender,age,body mass index,abdominal circumference,comorbidities,surgical histories,and other baseline data among the three groups.The total BBPS score declined gradually from 8.27±0.58 in group A to 8.21±0.53 in group B and 8.05±0.37 in group C(P<0.05).Segment-specific analysis showed that significant difference in bowel cleanliness only existed in right colon among the three groups(BBPS score:2.48±0.50,2.40±0.49,and 2.18±0.39,respectively,P<0.05).There were no significant differences in CIT,WT and CIL among the three groups,while the highest ADR and PDR were seen in group B(ADR:45.2%,57.5%,and 35.4%,respectively,P<0.05;PDR:53.4%,63.8%,and 43.1%,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusions:When the time interval between the last defecation and the start of colonoscopy is less than 5 h,more effective bowel preparation and higher ADR and PDR can be achieved.

Background:Colonoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of colorectal cancer,and the success of colonoscopy is highly depended on the quality of bowel preparation.Aims:To investigate the impact of the last defecation time before colonoscopy on qualities of bowel preparation and colonoscopy.Methods:Consecutive outpatients who underwent painless colonoscopy from June 2023 to December 2023 at 5 medical centers in Jiangsu Province and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this multicenter cross-sectional study.These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the time interval between the last defecation and the start of colonoscopy.The time interval was≤2 h,2-5 h,and≥5 h in group A,B,and C,respectively.The primary outcome was the score of the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale(BBPS),and the secondary outcomes included the cecal intubation time(CIT),withdrawal time(WT),cecal intubation length(CIL),adenoma detection rate(ADR),and polyp detection rate(PDR).Results:A total of 298 patients underwent painless colonoscopy were enrolled in the study.There were no significant differences in gender,age,body mass index,abdominal circumference,comorbidities,surgical histories,and other baseline data among the three groups.The total BBPS score declined gradually from 8.27±0.58 in group A to 8.21±0.53 in group B and 8.05±0.37 in group C(P<0.05).Segment-specific analysis showed that significant difference in bowel cleanliness only existed in right colon among the three groups(BBPS score:2.48±0.50,2.40±0.49,and 2.18±0.39,respectively,P<0.05).There were no significant differences in CIT,WT and CIL among the three groups,while the highest ADR and PDR were seen in group B(ADR:45.2%,57.5%,and 35.4%,respectively,P<0.05;PDR:53.4%,63.8%,and 43.1%,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusions:When the time interval between the last defecation and the start of colonoscopy is less than 5 h,more effective bowel preparation and higher ADR and PDR can be achieved.

Conducting quality evaluation of adverse drug reaction (ADR) case report and obtaining accurate, objective and scientific data is related to the level and quality of the entire monitoring work, and is an important basis for drug regulatory departments to formulate safety regulatory measures. The research progress and application status of the methodology of quality evaluation of ADR reports abroad were investigated through literature search in this paper. It mainly includes 3 different evaluation methods (WHO quality evaluation method, clinical documentation tool, ADR report quality algorithm) from Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Netherlands and Australia. There are currently 2 versions of ADR report quality evaluation methods in China, which are included in the appendices of the 2005 and 2012 editions of the "Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Monitoring Work Manual". Different ADR report quality evaluation methods have different focus points, and it is necessary to develop a scientific evaluation method suitable to provide reference for the quality supervision and management of ADR in China.

Conducting quality evaluation of adverse drug reaction (ADR) case report and obtaining accurate, objective and scientific data is related to the level and quality of the entire monitoring work, and is an important basis for drug regulatory departments to formulate safety regulatory measures. The research progress and application status of the methodology of quality evaluation of ADR reports abroad were investigated through literature search in this paper. It mainly includes 3 different evaluation methods (WHO quality evaluation method, clinical documentation tool, ADR report quality algorithm) from Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Netherlands and Australia. There are currently 2 versions of ADR report quality evaluation methods in China, which are included in the appendices of the 2005 and 2012 editions of the "Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Monitoring Work Manual". Different ADR report quality evaluation methods have different focus points, and it is necessary to develop a scientific evaluation method suitable to provide reference for the quality supervision and management of ADR in China.

Objective To analyze the inpatient specialist capacity of a hospital during 2013-2014 in Beijing for its specialists development, based on relevant local specialist development.Methods Analyzing the inpatient specialist capacity using case mix index (CMI) and DRG numbers according to BJ-DRG grouping method.Each MDC of the hospital is divided into four types according to the status and development of inpatient specialist capacity.Results Of the 19 MDCs, 2 (such as nervous system disease) fall into type 1, 6 MDCs (such as neck, ears, nose, mouth, pharynx disease and dysfunction) into type 2, while 5 MDCs (such as female reproductive system diseases and dysfunction) into type 3, and 6 MDCs (such as pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum) into type 4.Condusion Most of the MDC inpatient specialist capacities of the hospital in question are at ranking high in Beijing, and such capacities for various MDC can be improved by all means.

Adolescent ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Polyradiculoneuropathy ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; therapy

Objective To analyze the clinical practice of the diagnosis and treatment of four patients with myeloproliferative diseases (MPD) and review the relative literatures. Methods The progress of diagnosing and treating one polycythemia vera patient, two essential thrombocythemia patients and one primary myelofibrosis patient were introduced. Results Interferon alone, interferon combined with hydroxyurea and HLA matched sible allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were carried out separately, the satisfying outcomes were shown. Conclusion Detection of genetic mutation of JAK2 V617F has markedly facilitated the approach to clinical diagnosis of MPD. The therapeutic aim for patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia is preventing the occurrence thromboembolic events, while for some high-risk primary myelofibrosis patient, allogeneic stem cell transplantation should be considered.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of retinoie acid on B16 marina mel-anoma cells and human melanocytes in vitro. Methods B16F10 murine melanoma cells and human mela-noeytes were cultured in culture medium which contains different concentration of components, including retinoic acid. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) mRNA expression of the tyrosinase was detected. Tyrosinase activity, melanin content and cell proliferation rate were also deter-mined. Results Retinoieacid exhibited an inhibitory effect on the expression of tyrosinase mRNA. As the concentration of retinoic acid was 100 μmol/L, treating for 72 h, the expression of tyrosinase mRNA de-creased 30.13 %, retinoic acid exhibited an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and melanin production at high concentration (>500 μmol/L), and it could promote the cell proliferation. Retinoic acid and hy-droqninone could be cooperative at high concentration (1 000 μmol/L), and enhanced the down regulation of tyrosinase activity and melanin content. Retinoic acid could also mitigate the inhibitory effect of hydro-quinone on cell proliferation, so as to protect the cells from injury. Hydroquinone had no effect on tyrosi-nase gene expression at mRNA level. Conclusion Retinoic acid inhibits the synthesis of melanin by the genetic regulation at mRNA level.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of treatment for progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(APBSCT).Methods Between September 2001 and July 2004,thirteen patients with PMS were treated with APBSCT in Xuanwu Hospital.Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs)were mobilized with G-CSF alone.The stem cell transplants were pured of lymphocytes in 7 patients.The high dose regimen was BEAM conditioning regimen (Carmustine,Etoposide,Cytosine Arabinoside,and Melphalan).The median follow-up time was 22 (3～36)months.Results The result showed that the mean EDSS rating score of patients in 18 months after APBSCT was significantly decreased[(4.05?0.66) vs(6.00?0.30),P