Objective To investigate effect of cassava RS3 resistant starch(Ce-RS3)on serum homocysteine(Hcy)level in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction(ACI)during the recovery period.Methods A total of 55 patients with ACI at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2023 to October 2024 were selected as subjects.They were devieded into observation group(n=28)and control group(n=27)using a random number table.The control group received atorvastatin calcium,phospholipids,and aspirin,while the observation group received atorvastatin calcium,phospholipids,aspirin,and Ce-RS3.After 12 weeks of treatment,homocysteine(Hcy)levels,carotid plaque diameter,National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)scores,Barthel index(BI)scores,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores were compared between two groups.Results After treatment,the serum Hcy levels decreased and carotid plaque size reduced in both groups,with the NIHSS scores and TCM syndrome scores also decreased,and observation group was lower than control group(P＜0.05).After treatment,the BI score increased,with observation group higher than control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The use of Ce-RS3 in the recovery phase of patients with ACI can effectively improve neurological function and enhance treatment efficacy.

Objective: To investigate the levels of knowledge and skills in infectious diseases among school doctors and health teachers in Beijing s primary and secondary schools in 2023, and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide a reference basis for enhancing the professional competencies of school doctors and health teachers. Methods: From October to November 2023, a census method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among all school doctors and health teachers in 16 districts of Beijing. Chi-square tests and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used perform statistical analysis. Results: The awareness rate of infectious diseaserelated knowledge among school doctors and health teachers in primary and secondary schools in Beijing in 2023 ranged from 34.44 % to 98.57%, while the behavior formation rate ranged from 65.90% to 98.64%. The proportions of those with literacy in infectious disease knowledge and behavior among school doctors and health teachers were 82.76% and 85.70%, respectively. Multivariate Logistics regression analysis showed that being a full-time employee, having a bachelor s degree or above, and holding a senior professional title were positively correlated with having literacy in infectious disease knowledge ( OR =1.76, 2.57, 1.42 , P <0.01). Compared to medical professionals, those in education and other professions were negatively correlated with having literacy in infectious disease knowledge ( OR =0.37, 0.55, P <0.01). Being a full-time employee, being female, and age were positively correlated with having literacy in infectious disease behavior ( OR =1.66, 2.18, 1.02, P <0.01). Conclusions The level of health literacy for infectious diseases among school doctors in Beijing primary and secondary schools is relatively high. Targeted training on key professional knowledge and skills should be prioritized for individuals with deficiencies in infectious disease prevention and control.

Objective:To investigate the dosimetric characteristics of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for lung cancers.Methods:Three lung cancer patients (central-lower, central, and peripheral types) admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute from January 2024 to May 2024 were selected as the research subjects. IMPT and IMRT plans were designed for each case based on the anatomical location of the clinical target volume and the dose constraints for organs at risk (OARs). Dosimetric parameters, including conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), and gradient index (GI) for target coverage, as well as OARs dosimetric parameters were evaluated. The volume of additional dose deposition in the body was compared by assessing regions receiving 10%, 30%, and 50% of the prescription dose.Results:For all three cases, IMRT plans demonstrated higher CI values (0.80, 0.60, and 0.79) compared to IMPT plans (0.61, 0.57, and 0.34). IMPT plans yielded lower HI values (0.07, 0.06, and 0.06) than IMRT plans (0.09, 0.15, and 0.09) and lower GI values (2.84, 2.47, and 4.56 vs. 4.91, 3.09, and 4.99 for IMRT plans). Compared with the IMRT plans, the low-dose region in the ipsilateral lung was significantly reduced in IMPT plans (V 5 of the IMPT plans were 20.59%, 46.29%, 10.94%, respectively; V 5 of the IMRT plans were 48.91%, 60.63%, 19.92%, respectively), but there was no significant advantage in the high-dose region compared to IMRT plans (V 20 of the IMPT plans were 12.88%, 34.75%, 5.21%, respectively; V 20 of the IMRT plans were 21.70%, 36.50%, 5.31%, respectively). The dose to the contralateral lung and heart was significantly reduced in IMPT plans [the D mean of the contralateral lung in the IMPT plans were 0.08, 0.04, and 0.00 Gy (RBE), respectively, and those in the IMRT plans were 3.25, 1.18, and 0.55 Gy, respectively; the heart D mean in the IMPT plans were 6.23, 7.04, and 0.00 Gy (RBE), respectively, while those of the IMRT plans were 18.33, 10.27, and 0.08 Gy, respectively). IMPT plans significantly reduced the volumes receiving 10% of the prescription dose by 65.94%, 25.57% and 72.47%, respectively, compared to IMRT plans. The volumes IMPT plans occupied by 30% of the prescription dose area in the body were reduced by 54.97%, 26.47% and 39.04%, respectively, compared to the IMRT plans. The volumes IMPT plans occupied by 50% of the prescription dose area in the body were reduced by 54.49%, 30.43% and 28.89%, respectively, compared to the IMRT plans. Conclusions:IMPT plan significantly reduces the V 5 of the ipsilateral lung, the D mean of the contralateral lung and the heart, while maintaining target coverage compared with IMRT plan for lung cancers. However, IMPT plan does not show much more advantage than IMRT plan in the ipsilateral lung V 20. IMPT can reduce the additional exposure volume within the body.

Objective To investigate the differences in oral and gut microbiota composition among children aged 3-5 years with varying body mass index(BMI)levels in Urumqi,and to provide a scientific basis for early microbiological warning and intervention strategies for childhood obesity.Methods A total of 40 children aged 3-5 years were enrolled.Based on their BMI percentiles,the participants were divided into 4 groups,including the underweight,normal weight,overweight,and obesity groups(n=10 per group).A total of 80 saliva and fecal samples were collected.Microbial community structures were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing,followed by bioinformatics and statistical analyses.Results Oral microbiota richness,as measured by Chao1 and observed-species indices,differed significantly among the four groups(P=0.004 7 and P=0.005 4,respectively),whereas no significant difference in gut microbiota diversity was observed(P>0.05).Beta diversity analysis revealed a distinct separation in oral microbiota between the normal-weight weight and other groups.At the genus level,obese children exhibited increased abundance in oral Leptotrichia,underweight children showed enrichment of gut Bacteroides,and overweight children showed increased abundance in gut Faecalibacterium and Blautia.Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)analysis identified multiple biomarkers,including Prevotellaceae in the oral microbiota of normal-weight children,Catonella in the oral microbiota of obese children,and Clostridiales,Lachnospiraceae,and Hungatella in the gut microbiota of underweight children.Metabolic pathways related to lipopolysaccharide synthesis and amino acid metabolism were significantly upregulated in the microbiota of overweight and obese children.Conclusion Significant differences are observed in the oral and gut microbiota composition among children aged 3-5 years of different BMI levels in Urumqi.Oral microbiota show greater sensitivity to BMI changes.Specific genera,such as Catonella,Leptotrichia,and Prevotellaceae,may be involved in the development of obesity.The microbiota metabolic pathways in children with high BMI are characterized by the core features of inflammation activation and lipid metabolism dysregulation.

The research on the cardiovascular toxicity of air pollutants is in urgent need of collaborative innovation across multiple models. This paper systematically reviewed the advantages and limitations of four principal research models of cardiotoxicity, including epidemiological model, mammalian model, zebrafish model, and in vitro model. Epidemiological models have been used to demonstrate a significant correlation between exposure to PM_2.5 and both the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases within populations; however, these models face challenges in establishing causal inferences and interpreting individual mechanisms. Mammalian models have been applied to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of PM_2.5 at both the systemic and organ-specific levels, yet they encounter difficulties related to interspecies differences and throughput constraints. Zebrafish models, with their transparent embryos and observable development, offer a distinctive opportunity for high-throughput screening and mechanistic investigation of PM_2.5-induced cardiac developmental toxicity. Nonetheless, their cardiac physiological structure diverges from that of mammals, limiting their capacity to accurately model chronic conditions such as coronary heart disease. In vitro models, particularly human heart organoids and chip technologies, have provided profound insights into the direct toxic mechanisms of PM_2.5, including disruptions in calcium homeostasis, cellular senescence, and electrophysiological irregularities at the cellular and molecular levels. Despite these advancements, the complexity and developmental maturity of these models present challenges to their broader application. This paper proposed that the key to overcoming the bottlenecks of single models lies in the construction of an integrated evaluation system that combines “epidemiological studies, mammalian models, zebrafish models, and in vitro models”. By focusing on three aspects, namely model integration, technological convergence, and policy support, it is intended to collaboratively address issues such as standardization of multi-model data, simulation of complex exposure scenarios and susceptible life stages, and transformation pathways. This will provide innovative methodological support for the analysis of the cardiotoxic mechanisms of air pollutants, the assessment of environmental health impacts, and the formulation of precise prevention and control strategies.

Objective:To comprehensively evaluate the cost and cost-effectiveness of the colorectal cancer screening program for key populations in Zhejiang Province from 2020 to 2022, and provide reference for optimizing colorectal cancer screening strategies.Methods:Based on the colorectal cancer screening program for key populations in Zhejiang Province from 2020 to 2022, parameters such as initial screening positivity rates, colonoscopy compliance rates, and detection rates for colorectal-related lesions among residents aged 50-74 were obtained. Questionnaire surveys assessed program costs and direct medical costs associated with colorectal cancer-related lesions. From a health system perspective, the cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated using the Early Detection Cost Index (EDCI) and the cost per detected case, followed by sensitivity analysis.Results:A total of 5 881 364 screenings were completed from 2020 to 2022. The initial screening positive rate (positive for either questionnaire or fecal immunochemical testing ) was 16.83%, with a colonoscopy compliance rates of 33.96% ( n=336 150). Detection rates for non-advanced adenomas, advanced adenomas, and colorectal cancer were 24.83% ( n=83 453), 11.91% ( n=40 033), and 1.01% ( n=3 397), respectively. Initial screening positivity rates and detection rates increased with age, while colonoscopy compliance rates decreased with age. Cost analysis showed a total project investment of 378 730 457 yuan, with initial screening costing 146 633 103 yuan (38.72%) and diagnostic colonoscopy 232 097 354 yuan (61.28%). The average cost per initial screening and diagnostic colonoscopy was 24.93 and 690.46 yuan, respectively. Direct medical costs for non-advanced adenomas, advanced adenomas, and colorectal cancer at stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were 4 921, 8 380, 42 547, 62 156, 66 720, and 72 334 yuan, respectively. Cost-effectiveness analysis indicated that screening needed to detect one case of colorectal cancer required 1 731 people and cost 111 490 yuan; the cost per detected advanced adenoma was 9 460 yuan, and the EDCI was 0.09. Costs decreased with increasing age per detected colorectal lesion. Sensitivity analysis showed that increasing colonoscopy compliance could reduce the cost-effectiveness ratio. Conclusions:The colorectal cancer screening program for key populations in Zhejiang Province demonstrates cost-effectiveness. Improving colonoscopy compliance can enhance overall screening effectiveness and economic benefits.

Objective:To comprehensively evaluate the cost and cost-effectiveness of the colorectal cancer screening program for key populations in Zhejiang Province from 2020 to 2022, and provide reference for optimizing colorectal cancer screening strategies.Methods:Based on the colorectal cancer screening program for key populations in Zhejiang Province from 2020 to 2022, parameters such as initial screening positivity rates, colonoscopy compliance rates, and detection rates for colorectal-related lesions among residents aged 50-74 were obtained. Questionnaire surveys assessed program costs and direct medical costs associated with colorectal cancer-related lesions. From a health system perspective, the cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated using the Early Detection Cost Index (EDCI) and the cost per detected case, followed by sensitivity analysis.Results:A total of 5 881 364 screenings were completed from 2020 to 2022. The initial screening positive rate (positive for either questionnaire or fecal immunochemical testing ) was 16.83%, with a colonoscopy compliance rates of 33.96% ( n=336 150). Detection rates for non-advanced adenomas, advanced adenomas, and colorectal cancer were 24.83% ( n=83 453), 11.91% ( n=40 033), and 1.01% ( n=3 397), respectively. Initial screening positivity rates and detection rates increased with age, while colonoscopy compliance rates decreased with age. Cost analysis showed a total project investment of 378 730 457 yuan, with initial screening costing 146 633 103 yuan (38.72%) and diagnostic colonoscopy 232 097 354 yuan (61.28%). The average cost per initial screening and diagnostic colonoscopy was 24.93 and 690.46 yuan, respectively. Direct medical costs for non-advanced adenomas, advanced adenomas, and colorectal cancer at stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were 4 921, 8 380, 42 547, 62 156, 66 720, and 72 334 yuan, respectively. Cost-effectiveness analysis indicated that screening needed to detect one case of colorectal cancer required 1 731 people and cost 111 490 yuan; the cost per detected advanced adenoma was 9 460 yuan, and the EDCI was 0.09. Costs decreased with increasing age per detected colorectal lesion. Sensitivity analysis showed that increasing colonoscopy compliance could reduce the cost-effectiveness ratio. Conclusions:The colorectal cancer screening program for key populations in Zhejiang Province demonstrates cost-effectiveness. Improving colonoscopy compliance can enhance overall screening effectiveness and economic benefits.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of the ABC-X model-based nursing in patients with vitiligo undergoing autologous cell-spray grafting of non-cultured epidermal cells (Recell technique) .Methods:A total of 84 vitiligo patients treated with ReCell technique admitted to the Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2022 to February 2024 were selected for the study using the convenience sampling method. The patients were divided into observation group (42 cases) and control group (42 cases) according to randomized numerical table method. Control group received conventional nursing, and observation group was treated with ABC-X model-based nursing on the basis of control group. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of observation group were lower than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After the intervention, the positive coping score in TCSQ of observation group was higher than that of control group, and the negative coping score was lower than that of control group, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). After the intervention, the total DLQI score of observation group was lower than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The nursing based on ABC-X model in vitiligo patients treated with ReCell technique can improve patients' psychological conditions, promote positive coping, and enhance the quality of life, which is worthy of popularization and application.

Objective:To explore the effects of multi-dimensional nursing based on empowerment theory in patients undergoing thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select 110 esophageal cancer patients who were admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital from August 2022 to April 2024. Patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table: the control group and the observation group, with 55 patients in each group. The control group received routine care, while the observation group received multi-dimensional nursing based on empowerment theory in addition to routine care. The two groups were compared in terms of stress responses (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) , self-care ability, nutritional status (hemoglobin, albumin) , and nursing satisfaction.Results:After the intervention, the observation group had lower heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.01) . The self-care ability score in the control group was lower than that in the observation group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.01) . The observation group also had higher hemoglobin and albumin levels compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.01) . The nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Multi-dimensional nursing based on empowerment theory can effectively reduce stress responses, improve self-care ability, enhance nutritional status, and increase nursing satisfaction in esophageal cancer patients.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of the ABC-X model-based nursing in patients with vitiligo undergoing autologous cell-spray grafting of non-cultured epidermal cells (Recell technique) .Methods:A total of 84 vitiligo patients treated with ReCell technique admitted to the Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2022 to February 2024 were selected for the study using the convenience sampling method. The patients were divided into observation group (42 cases) and control group (42 cases) according to randomized numerical table method. Control group received conventional nursing, and observation group was treated with ABC-X model-based nursing on the basis of control group. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of observation group were lower than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After the intervention, the positive coping score in TCSQ of observation group was higher than that of control group, and the negative coping score was lower than that of control group, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). After the intervention, the total DLQI score of observation group was lower than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The nursing based on ABC-X model in vitiligo patients treated with ReCell technique can improve patients' psychological conditions, promote positive coping, and enhance the quality of life, which is worthy of popularization and application.