OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical characteristics of patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection,and to explore the related factors of mixed infection,to provide theoretical support for the diag-nosis and treatment of MP infection.METHODS The clinical data of patients diagnosed with MP infection in the 305th hospital of PLA from Dec.2023 to Apr.2024 were collected,and the clinical characteristics of patients in-fected with MP were analyzed.Additionally,the impacts of MP mixed infections with other pathogens on the se-verity of the disease were compared,while the relevant influencing factors of MP mixed with other pathogens were analyzed by the logistic regression model.RESULTS A total of 114 patients with MP infection were collected,both genders had 57 cases(50.00％,respectively),60(52.63％)were adults,73(64.04％)had simple MP infection and 41(35.96％)had mixed infection.The clinical manifestations of MP infection primarily included fever and cough,with most fevers being low to medium intensity.Additionally,the biochemical indexes were predominantly within normal ranges,however,the interleukin 6(IL-6)level was relatively high.The abnormalities of chest X-ray examination accounted for 84.21％of the cases.In mixed infection cases,fever,dizziness,fatigue,headache and muscle pain were more prevalent than single MP infection cases(P＜0.05),and CRP level elevated in the mixed infection group(P=0.001),whereas white blood cell level and lymphocyte count decreased compared to the single MP infection group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that fever(OR=4.112,95％CI:1.046-16.161)and above 46 years old(OR=8.555,95％CI:1.394-52.493)were the rele-vant influencing factors for MP mixed with other pathogens infection.CONCLUSION Clinical features of MP-infected patients are atypical,but IL-6 levels are relatively high.MP is often mixed with viral infections,and fever and above 46 years old are the risk factors for mixed MP infection.

OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological characteristics and change of drug resistance of Klebsiel-la pneumoniae strains from a hospital so as to adjust the use of antibiotics and control the transmission of hospital-associated infection caused by the K.pneumoniae.METHODS The K.pneumoniae strains were isolated from the patients who were hospitalized in The 305 Hospital of PLA from 2018 to 2022.The data of drug susceptibility tes-ting were exported by using WHONET 5.6,the clinical data and changing trend of drug resistance were retro-spectively analyzed with the use of SPSS 25.0 software.RESULTS Totally 9157 strains of bacteria were isolated from the patients who were hospitalized from 2018 to 2022,1502(16.40％)of which were K.pneumoniae,and the isolation rate showed a downward trend(x2=15.054,P＜0.001).Sputum(77.16％)was the major type of specimen;the strains were mainly isolated from intensive care unit(55.26％).The patients aged more than 79 years old were dominant,accounting for 65.58％.The result of drug susceptibility testing showed that there were significant differences in the drug resistance rates to the commonly used antibiotics from 2018 to 2022(P＜0.05).The drug resistance rates to aztreonam,ertapenem and tigecycline showed upward trends with the years(P＜0.05),while the drug resistance rates to the rest of drugs such as cefoperazone-sulbactam,ceftazidime and amika-cin showed downward trends(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS There is significant difference in the clinical distribution of the K.pneumoniae strains in recent 5 years.The key populations and departments should be attached great im-portance to.The drug resistance rates of the K.pneumoniae strains to many types of antibiotics show downward trends,but the situation of drug resistance is still serious.It is necessary to continue to implement the prevention and control policies for drug resistance and reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing.

OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological characteristics and change of drug resistance of Klebsiel-la pneumoniae strains from a hospital so as to adjust the use of antibiotics and control the transmission of hospital-associated infection caused by the K.pneumoniae.METHODS The K.pneumoniae strains were isolated from the patients who were hospitalized in The 305 Hospital of PLA from 2018 to 2022.The data of drug susceptibility tes-ting were exported by using WHONET 5.6,the clinical data and changing trend of drug resistance were retro-spectively analyzed with the use of SPSS 25.0 software.RESULTS Totally 9157 strains of bacteria were isolated from the patients who were hospitalized from 2018 to 2022,1502(16.40％)of which were K.pneumoniae,and the isolation rate showed a downward trend(x2=15.054,P＜0.001).Sputum(77.16％)was the major type of specimen;the strains were mainly isolated from intensive care unit(55.26％).The patients aged more than 79 years old were dominant,accounting for 65.58％.The result of drug susceptibility testing showed that there were significant differences in the drug resistance rates to the commonly used antibiotics from 2018 to 2022(P＜0.05).The drug resistance rates to aztreonam,ertapenem and tigecycline showed upward trends with the years(P＜0.05),while the drug resistance rates to the rest of drugs such as cefoperazone-sulbactam,ceftazidime and amika-cin showed downward trends(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS There is significant difference in the clinical distribution of the K.pneumoniae strains in recent 5 years.The key populations and departments should be attached great im-portance to.The drug resistance rates of the K.pneumoniae strains to many types of antibiotics show downward trends,but the situation of drug resistance is still serious.It is necessary to continue to implement the prevention and control policies for drug resistance and reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing.

OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical characteristics of patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection,and to explore the related factors of mixed infection,to provide theoretical support for the diag-nosis and treatment of MP infection.METHODS The clinical data of patients diagnosed with MP infection in the 305th hospital of PLA from Dec.2023 to Apr.2024 were collected,and the clinical characteristics of patients in-fected with MP were analyzed.Additionally,the impacts of MP mixed infections with other pathogens on the se-verity of the disease were compared,while the relevant influencing factors of MP mixed with other pathogens were analyzed by the logistic regression model.RESULTS A total of 114 patients with MP infection were collected,both genders had 57 cases(50.00％,respectively),60(52.63％)were adults,73(64.04％)had simple MP infection and 41(35.96％)had mixed infection.The clinical manifestations of MP infection primarily included fever and cough,with most fevers being low to medium intensity.Additionally,the biochemical indexes were predominantly within normal ranges,however,the interleukin 6(IL-6)level was relatively high.The abnormalities of chest X-ray examination accounted for 84.21％of the cases.In mixed infection cases,fever,dizziness,fatigue,headache and muscle pain were more prevalent than single MP infection cases(P＜0.05),and CRP level elevated in the mixed infection group(P=0.001),whereas white blood cell level and lymphocyte count decreased compared to the single MP infection group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that fever(OR=4.112,95％CI:1.046-16.161)and above 46 years old(OR=8.555,95％CI:1.394-52.493)were the rele-vant influencing factors for MP mixed with other pathogens infection.CONCLUSION Clinical features of MP-infected patients are atypical,but IL-6 levels are relatively high.MP is often mixed with viral infections,and fever and above 46 years old are the risk factors for mixed MP infection.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of Sky bone expander percutaneous ky-pbeplasty (Sky-PKP) in treatment of old osteoperotic vertebral compression fractures. Methods The study involved 27 patients (27 vertebrae) with old osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by Sky-PKP from March 2005 to June 2007. Normotopia, lateral and dynamia radiographs, CT scanning and MRI were performed preoperatively to verify fluid collection in the vertebral body, vacuum phenomenon and open-close phenomenon. Visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), anterior body height, middle line body height, posterior body height and kyphotic angle changes were measured on a lateral radiograph before and after treatment. Results All patients were followed up for mean 6.2 months, which showed no severe complications. VAS score was decresed from preoperative 7.8 to postop-erative 3.1 and ODI from 65% to 37%. However, The anterior vertebral height and middle line vertebral height were recovered for 4.6 nun and 5.7 mm respectively compared with preoperation. Correction of ky-photic angle was mean 5.6°postoperatively. There was no sitatistical changes in regard to posterior body height before and after operation. Conclusions Sky-PKP is a reasonable procedure for treatment of old osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures under strict control of indications, especially with vacuum phenomenon, open-close phenomenon and fluid collection. While high degree of difficulty in puncturation results in insignificant correction of kyphotic angle and body height.

Objective To investigate the current clinical research situation of eight-year medical students.Method A questionnaire survey was conducted among 64 medical students and their tutors in Peking University Third Hospital.Results 74.2% students and 76.7% tutors hoped to determine tutors immediately when they entered the second-class disciplines;51.6% students and 46.7% tutors hoped to arrange the team-report in the fifth semester during the period of sec-ond-class disciplines;40.3% students had not written articles;64.5% had begun to carry on the re-search of subject.Conclusion It’s essential to determine tutors as early as possible and to carry out team-report,taking several measures to improve the clinical research ability of medical students is vital important.

Superoxide anion releasing from activated murine macrophages stimulated with recombinant human interferon-? (IFN-?), tumour necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and bacterial lipopolysaccharidc were studied. The results showed that both of the cytokines enhanced superoxide anion release in a dose and time - dependent manner, but lipopolysaccharide had no such an effect as compared with IFN-? and TNF-?. It was also shown that O2- generation from macrophages was highly enhanced after primed with IFN-? or TNF-? for 24 hours. It was concluded from these data that cytokines released from macrophages and lymphocytes during inflammatory reactions could promote O2- generation which may play a crucial role in destruction or kill of intracellular pathogenic bacteria, and tumour cells.

Effects of Lycium barbarian polysaccharide (LBP), Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), polysaccharide of Acanthopanax senticosus (PAS) and polysaccharide of lipopolysaccharide (PS) on cytotoxicities of LAK cells from splenocytes of C57BL/6 mices were observed with 18 h 125IUdR release assay. Our study demonstrated that the polysaccharides alone were shown to induce no cytotoxicities. When combined with rIL-2, all of 4 kinds of the polysaccharides augrnented LAK activities in dose-dependent manner. The augmentations reached the maximum at 0.01-0.1 mg ? ml-1 LBP, 0.01 mg ? ml-1 APS and PAS, 0.01 mg ? ml-1 PS. They were found to increase LAK activities in short range of rIL-2 concentrations (250-1000U? ml-1). If the polysaccharides were used beyond the suitable concentrations, they were shown to inhibit LAK cell activities.