Objective:To investigate the association between cardiometabolic multimorbidity(CMM)and cardiometabolic diseases(CMDs)with frailty in elderly patients suffering from chronic diseases in rural Shandong.Additionally, it seeks to analyze the role of self-efficacy in chronic disease management in mitigating the risk of frailty associated with CMM and CMDs.Methods:A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was employed to select 2, 778 elderly patients aged 60 and above with chronic diseases in rural Shandong Province.Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Phenotype(FP), while self-efficacy in chronic disease management was measured using the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale(SEMCD).For the analysis, binary logistic regression and marginal effects were utilized.Results:The prevalence of frailty among elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural Shandong was found to be 12.28%, while the prevalence of CMM was reported at 53.20%.Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that frailty was significantly associated with several factors, including age, education level, annual per capita income, employment status, and self-efficacy in managing chronic disease(all P<0.05).Notably, increases in CMM( P=0.001)and the number of CMDs( P<0.001)were linked to a heightened risk of frailty.Furthermore, marginal effects analysis indicated that individuals in the high self-efficacy group exhibited significantly lower risks of frailty associated with CMM and CMDs compared to those in the low self-efficacy group, with risk reductions of 96.9%(95% CI: -1.258--0.681, P<0.001)and 85.7%(95% CI: -1.175--0.539, P<0.001), respectively. Conclusions:Both the presence of CMM and a higher number of CMDs are linked to an increased risk of frailty.However, elevated levels of self-efficacy in chronic disease management can significantly mitigate the frailty risk associated with CMM and CMDs.It is advisable to enhance health education and self-management training, as well as to establish a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and multidimensional health management system for the elderly.This approach aims to improve self-efficacy in chronic disease management among rural elderly populations, thereby preventing and addressing the onset of frailty.

Objective:To investigate the association between cardiometabolic multimorbidity(CMM)and cardiometabolic diseases(CMDs)with frailty in elderly patients suffering from chronic diseases in rural Shandong.Additionally, it seeks to analyze the role of self-efficacy in chronic disease management in mitigating the risk of frailty associated with CMM and CMDs.Methods:A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was employed to select 2, 778 elderly patients aged 60 and above with chronic diseases in rural Shandong Province.Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Phenotype(FP), while self-efficacy in chronic disease management was measured using the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale(SEMCD).For the analysis, binary logistic regression and marginal effects were utilized.Results:The prevalence of frailty among elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural Shandong was found to be 12.28%, while the prevalence of CMM was reported at 53.20%.Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that frailty was significantly associated with several factors, including age, education level, annual per capita income, employment status, and self-efficacy in managing chronic disease(all P<0.05).Notably, increases in CMM( P=0.001)and the number of CMDs( P<0.001)were linked to a heightened risk of frailty.Furthermore, marginal effects analysis indicated that individuals in the high self-efficacy group exhibited significantly lower risks of frailty associated with CMM and CMDs compared to those in the low self-efficacy group, with risk reductions of 96.9%(95% CI: -1.258--0.681, P<0.001)and 85.7%(95% CI: -1.175--0.539, P<0.001), respectively. Conclusions:Both the presence of CMM and a higher number of CMDs are linked to an increased risk of frailty.However, elevated levels of self-efficacy in chronic disease management can significantly mitigate the frailty risk associated with CMM and CMDs.It is advisable to enhance health education and self-management training, as well as to establish a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and multidimensional health management system for the elderly.This approach aims to improve self-efficacy in chronic disease management among rural elderly populations, thereby preventing and addressing the onset of frailty.

Objective: To observe the short-term changes of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) in junior high school students in Harbin, and to explore its association with the changes of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the same period. Furthermore, to analyze the value of hs-CRP to predict the BMI and WC changes in children and adolescents. Methods: Convenient sampling method was used,and the students in grades 6 and 7 in junior high school in Harbin were selected by stratified clicstering. Physical examination and serum hs-CRP were performed for two consecutive years. According to the results of the two surveys, the subjects were divided into control group (normal → normal), case group (abnormal → abnormal), improved group (abnormal → normal) and progression group (normal → abnormal). The multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive value of hs-CRP changes for BMI and WC changes. Results: The rate of overweight and obesity among samples from junior high school was 30.6%. The increment of BMI in female was more obvious than that in male(U=17 358.0，P<0.05). Both increments in BMI and WC were positively correlated with increments in hs-CRP(P<0.05). The risk of occurrence of "BMI always abnormal" and "WC always abnormal" increased sequentially in hs-CRP "normal → abnormal", "abnormal → normal" and "abnormal → abnormal", were 3.45 times, 5.98 times and 38.84 times of "BMI is always normal", respectively; and were 3.45 times, 4.26 times and 28.50 times of "WC is always normal", respectively. The risk of "BMI improvement" was 7.70 times more than that of BMI "always normal" when hs-CRP "abnormal → normal". Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity in junior high school students in Harbin is high. The BMI increases faster in female from junior high school. The trends of change of BMI and WC are consistent with the trend of change of hs-CRP. The “hs-CRP change” has a good predictive value for BMI and WC development.

Solute Carriers (SLC) superfamily is one of the most important membrane transporter families in the cell membrane (including intracellular membrane) of human,it is involved in some essential physiological functions such as intercellular substance transporting,energy transfer,nutrition and metabolism,signal transduction and so on.Solute Carriers (SLC) superfamily contains 52 subfamilies,with more than 400 members.Studies have shown that abnormal protein expression or functional defects of SLC caused by human genetic mutations are closely related with a variety of serious diseases such as diabetes,hypertension and depression,so the function research of SLC had attracted much attention in recent years.The known three-dimensional structures of SLC transporters help to explain the precise molecular mechanism of substrate binding and transporting,it provides a fine structure basis to study the molecular mechanism of related diseases and structure-based drug discovery.In this review,we summarized the progress on the structure and function of SLC superfamily transporters of late years,try to provide some common rules of SLC superfamily transporters.

Objective To study the effects of wedelolactone on the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and to explore the multi-drug resistance reversing mechanism of wedelolactone in K562/A02 cells in vitro.Methods The half maximal inhibitory concentration of ADM in K562/A02 was determined by MTT method.The protein expression level of P-gp was determined by Western blot after wedelolactone pretreatment.Results Wedelolactone remarkably enhanced chemo-sensitivity to ADM of K562/A02 cells.After 0.2, 2, 20 μmol/L different concentration of wedelolactone treatment in 24 h, the relative reversal efficiency of K562/A02 to ADM was 23.5％, 47.1％ and 67.7％, respectively.according to the results of Western blot, wedelolactone was shown to efficiently inhibit the expression of P-gp (P＜0.05).The relative efficiency of K562/A02 to ADM was 25.4％,46％ and 55.6％, respectively.Conclusion Wedelolactone could modulate P-gp expression, and P-gp expression down regulation may be one of the MDR reversal mechanisms in K562/A02 cells by wedelolactone.

Cultured T.vaginalis was used for the anti-trichomonas test at different times,concentrations of propolis and densities of the parasites.After being cultured for 0,6,12,24 hrs,the survival rate of the parasites was(91.50?3.11)%,(43.00?6.83)%,(22.25?5.32)% and(11.50?5.74)% respectively with a significant difference between propolis group and the control.Under the concentrations of 0.24,0.48,0.96,1.92,3.84 and 7.68(mg/ml) with 24 hrs culture,the survival rate was(88.00?5.29)%,(92.67?4.16)%,(90.0?6.00)%,(84.00?4.00)%,(2.67?1.15)%,and 0 respectively.The results showed that propolis possesses clear in vitro anti-trichomonas activity which is relevant to the duration of culture and the concentration of the agent.