Objective:To compare the consistency and efficacy of ultrasound and CT in the preoperative diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer, and to explore the clinical value of the combined application of multimodal imaging.Methods:The 119 thyroid cancer patients underwent surgical treatment from January to September 2023 in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent ultrasound and CT examinations before operation. The results of postoperative histopathology examination were taken as the gold standard, the efficacy of ultrasound and CT in preoperative diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis was compared.Results:A total of 1 721 cervical lymph nodes were detected in 119 patients with thyroid cancer, among which 1 378 lymph nodes were benign, and 343 lymph nodes were malignant, the rate of malignant lymph nodes was 19.93% (343/1 721). Among them, the proportion of malignant lymph nodes in area Ⅵ was the highest, 22.58% (245/1 085), followed by area Ⅲ, 21.26% (37/174). The sensitivity of CT in diagnosing cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer was significantly higher than that of ultrasound diagnosis: 58.46% (38/65) vs. 38.46% (25/65), the specificity was significantly lower than that of ultrasound diagnosis: 85.19% (46/54) vs. 96.30% (52/54), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 and <0.05); there was no statistical difference in accuracy between CT and ultrasound ( P>0.05). Conclusions:In the preoperative diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer by ultrasound and CT, ultrasound examination has no radiation risk, while CT examination has a higher diagnostic efficiency.

Objective:To summarize the clinical and imaging presentations of the pontine tegmental cap dysplasia (PTCD).Methods:The clinical, high resolution CT(HRCT) and MRI materials of 4 patients with PTCD between August 2007 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these, there were 2 males and 2 females, their ages ranged from 10 months to 16 years.Results:Of 4 PTCD patients, severe or profound severe hearing loss ( n=8 ears), developmental delay, hypotonia and severe facioplegia ( n=3 cases) were found. On HRCT, all of 4 cases were associated with temporal anomalies [including a narrow bony cochlear nerve canal ( n=8 ears), duplicated (each n=4 ears) or narrow ( n=1 ear) internal auditory canal, enlarged vestibular aqueduct ( n=2 ears), enlarged vestibules and dysplastic lateral semicircular canals ( n=3 ears), ossicular deformation( n=2 ears). The stenosis of the labyrinthine segments of the facial nerve canal ( n=3 ears) and facial nerve canal ectopia(n=6 ears)], atrial or ventricular septal defect (each n=1 case), thoracic or lumbar vertebral anomalies and ribs fusion ( n=3 cases). On the brain MRI, the variable flattening of the ventral pons and dysmorphism of the dorsal upper pons cap-like bulging and protruding in the fourth ventricle were shown in all cases, the vermian and cerebellar peduncles hypoplasia gave rise to a molar tooth appearance. The dysplastic ( n=3 ears), aplastic( n=5 ears) cochlear nerves and dysplastic facial nerves ( n=3 ears) were found. Conclusion:The PTCD patients usually present severe hearing loss, developmental delay, hypotonia, and facioplegia. The flattening of the ventral pons and the dorsal upper pons cap-like bulging usually with duplicated internal auditory canal and severe facial and auditory nerves dysplasia are its imaging features.

Chirality is not only a natural phenomenon but also a bridge between chemistry and life sciences.An effective way to obtain a single enantiomer is through racemates resolution.Recent literature shows that chiral metal-organic frameworks(CMOFs)have many applications in various fields because of their diverse topologies and functionalities.This review outlines the design idea and summarizes the latest synthesis strategies and applications of CMOFs.It highlights key advances and issues in the separation domain.In conclusion,the review provides perspectives on the challenges and prospective advance-ments of CMOFs materials and CMOFs-based separation technologies.

Objective:To summarize the clinical and imaging presentations of the pontine tegmental cap dysplasia (PTCD).Methods:The clinical, high resolution CT(HRCT) and MRI materials of 4 patients with PTCD between August 2007 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these, there were 2 males and 2 females, their ages ranged from 10 months to 16 years.Results:Of 4 PTCD patients, severe or profound severe hearing loss ( n=8 ears), developmental delay, hypotonia and severe facioplegia ( n=3 cases) were found. On HRCT, all of 4 cases were associated with temporal anomalies [including a narrow bony cochlear nerve canal ( n=8 ears), duplicated (each n=4 ears) or narrow ( n=1 ear) internal auditory canal, enlarged vestibular aqueduct ( n=2 ears), enlarged vestibules and dysplastic lateral semicircular canals ( n=3 ears), ossicular deformation( n=2 ears). The stenosis of the labyrinthine segments of the facial nerve canal ( n=3 ears) and facial nerve canal ectopia(n=6 ears)], atrial or ventricular septal defect (each n=1 case), thoracic or lumbar vertebral anomalies and ribs fusion ( n=3 cases). On the brain MRI, the variable flattening of the ventral pons and dysmorphism of the dorsal upper pons cap-like bulging and protruding in the fourth ventricle were shown in all cases, the vermian and cerebellar peduncles hypoplasia gave rise to a molar tooth appearance. The dysplastic ( n=3 ears), aplastic( n=5 ears) cochlear nerves and dysplastic facial nerves ( n=3 ears) were found. Conclusion:The PTCD patients usually present severe hearing loss, developmental delay, hypotonia, and facioplegia. The flattening of the ventral pons and the dorsal upper pons cap-like bulging usually with duplicated internal auditory canal and severe facial and auditory nerves dysplasia are its imaging features.

Objective Based on the assumption of spatial heterogeneity,the distribution pattern and risk characteristics of health poverty in middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases are described from the perspective of spatial differentiation.In order to providing a theoretical basis for the optimization of subsequent poverty reduction policies and a model policy for other countries.Methods It used factor detector and interaction detector to capture the role of single-factor and multi-factor interactions on the spatial differentiation of health poverty,and risk detectors were utilized to explore the high-risk factors in risky areas Results The single factor explanation of medical assistance and health education activities is prominent,and the factors such as PM2.5,old-age dependency ratio and urban unemployment rate have strong interaction.Furthermore,it identified high-risk factor characteristics in areas at high risk of health poverty.Conclusion The spatial differentiation pattern of health poverty among the middle-aged and elderly chronic disease population in China is the result of the synergistic driving effect of multidimensional factors,and there is variability in the risk characteristics among regions.The government should establish a contextual optimization strategy and pay attention to the joint effect of multiple factors to establish a synergistic management system.

Objective To explore the predictive efficacy of several multimodal MRI-based machine learning models for the promoter methylation states of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)of glioblastoma muliforme(GBM)patients in terms of the GBM heterogeneity and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment.Methods Firstly,the multimodal MRI images of 317 GBM patients from The University of Pennsylvania Glioblastoma(UPENN-GBM)dataset were pre-processed,with four sequences involved in including T1-weighted imaging(T1WI)sequence,T1-weighted contrast-enhanced imaging(T1CE)sequence,T2-weighted imaging(T2WI)sequence and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)sequence,and the radiomics features were extracted for two regions of interest(ROIs)such as the tumor core region and the tumor edema region.Secondly,the data of the 317 GBM patients were randomly divided into a training set(254 cases)and a test set(63 cases),which underwent normalization with Z-scores and feature selection and dimensionality reduction with Lasso regression.Finally,three models were established respectively with particle swarm optimization-support vector machine(PSO-SVM),C-support vector classification(C-SVC)and adaptive boosting(adaptive boosting(Adaboost)algorithms,and the predictive efficacy of the three models for glioblastoma multiforme MGMT promoter methylation states were evaluated in terms of accuracy and AUC.Results The Adaboost model based on T2WI sequence and radiomics features of the tumor core region had the highest predictive efficacy with accuracy and AUC values of 67％and 0.74,respectively,higher than those of other combinations of sequences,models and regions of interest.Conclusion The multimodal MRI-based machine learning models can be used for the prediction of glioblastoma multiforme MGMT promoter methylation states,which provides powerful support for personalized treatment and prognostic assessment of GBM.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):7-13]

Objective To investigate the characteristics of thickness changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)and identify related risk factors in patients with Moyamoya disease(MMD).Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 150 MMD patients(150 eyes)aged 6-65 years admitted to the Neurosurgery Department of the Fifth Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital from May 2016 to December 2023(observation group),and 150 age-matched healthy volunteers(150 eyes)from the hospital's ophthalmology outpatient department(control group).Both groups were subdivided into pediatric(≤18 years),young adult(18-40 years),and middle-aged(40-65 years)subgroups.The pRNFL thickness in four quadrants was measured by optical coherence tomography(OCT):superior(pRNFL-Sup),inferior(pRNFL-Inf),nasal(pRNFL-Nas),temporal(pRNFL-Tmp),and average thickness(pRNFL-Avg).General clinical data and pRNFL thickness were compared between two groups.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for pRNFL thinning in MMD patients.The cohort was randomly divided into training(n=210)and validation(n=90)sets at a 7:3 ratio.A predictive model for pRNFL thinning in MMD patients was constructed based on logistic regression results.Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),and clinical utility was assessed via decision curve analysis.Results Compared with control group,MMD patients exhibited significantly reduced pRNFL-Avg,pRNFL-Sup,pRNFL-Tmp,and pRNFL-Inf thickness(P<0.05 or P<0.001),while pRNFL-Nas showed no significant difference(P>0.05).In the pediatric subgroup,pRNFL-Avg and pRNFL-Inf were thinner(P<0.05).In the young adult subgroup,pRNFL-Avg and pRNFL-Sup were reduced(P<0.001 or P<0.05).In the middle-aged subgroup,pRNFL-Avg,pRNFL-Sup,pRNFL-Inf,and pRNFL-Tmp were all thinner(P<0.05 or P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression identified visual field defects(OR=15.28,95%CI 2.95-79.10),disease duration(OR=1.11,95%CI 1.05-1.18),and the number of involved cerebral vessels(OR=1.49,95%CI 1.01-2.22)as independent risk factors for pRNFL thinning.The predictive model achieved AUC of 0.94(95%CI 0.91-0.97)and 0.95(95%CI 0.91-0.99)in the training and validation sets,respectively.Decision curve analysis confirmed the model's favorable clinical net benefit.Conclusion Thinning of pRNFL was observed in Moyamoya disease patients with visual field defects,disease duration,and cerebral vascular involvement identified as independent risk factors for pRNFL atrophy.

Objective In order to provide a better reference and basis for the selection of reasonable hypoglycemic drugs for clinical treatment,the study conducted a comprehensive clinical evaluation of the innovator sodium-glucose transporters 2(SGLT-2)inhibitors,based on A Quick Guideline for Drug Evaluation and Selection in Chinese Medical Institutions(the Second Edition).Methods The real-world studies,randomized controlled trials,Meta-analysis/systematic review,drug clinical use guidelines,expert consensus and drug description evaluation evidence were collected,and the included drugs were assigned and evaluated from five dimensions:pharmaceutical characteristics,efficacy,safety,economy and other attributes.Results All SGLT-2 inhibitors had evaluation scores above 75,with dagaglifloztin tablets having the highest score of 84.6,and canaglifloztin having the lowest score of 75.1.Conclusions All five original SGLT-2 inhibitors showed good clinical utility,the difference is that the participating original drugs have different advantageous intervals in clinical use.The results show that dagliflozin has the most ideal clinical utility,and its clinical use should be safer and more effective.Due to the short time on the market and insufficient evidence-based reasons,the advantages of clinical use of proline hemegliflozin are not obvious compared with other evaluated drugs.

Objective To investigate the oral health status of second-grade primary school students in Suzhou,provide baseline data for evaluating Suzhou's"Bright Eyes and Healthy Teeth"public health project,and offer reference for formulating oral health policies for students in Suzhou.Methods A multi-stage,stratified,random sampling method was used to select 1 640 second-grade primary school students from 10 districts(county-level cities)across Suzhou.The oral health survey of primary school students in Suzhou was designedbased on WHO"Basic Methods for Oral Health Surveys"(5th edition).A survey on the students' oral health status was con-ducted.Results The caries prevalence,mean DMFT(Decayed,Missing,Filled Teeth),and caries filling rate for primary teeth among second-grade students in Suzhou were 80.73％,4.25,and 24.48％,respectively.For permanent teeth,the caries prevalence,mean DMFT(Decayed,Missing,Filled Teeth),and caries filling rate were 30.30％,0.62,and 16.96％,respectively.Specifically,the caries prevalence,mean DMFT,and filling rate for the first permanent molar were 29.88％,0.59,and 16.94％,respectively.The pit and fissure sealing rate for the first permanent molar was 13.74％.Additionally,the detection rate for gingival bleeding was 58.05％,and for dental calculus,49.15％.Conclusion The oral health status of second-grade primary school students in Suzhou is concerning.The caries prevalence rate for both primary and permanent teeth is high,while the filling rate is relatively low.Prior to the implementation of oral health programs,the pit and fissure sealing rate for the first permanent molars was low,with significant differ-ences observed between urban and rural areas,as well as among different districts(or county-level cities).

Recent studies have shown that shorter periods of ejaculatory abstinence may enhance certain sperm parameters, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these improvements are still unclear. This study explored whether reduced abstinence periods could improve semen quality, particularly for use in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). We analyzed semen samples from men with normal sperm counts ( n = 101) and those with low sperm motility or concentration ( n = 53) after 3-7 days of abstinence and then after 1-3 h of abstinence, obtained from the Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya (Changsha, China). Physiological and biochemical sperm parameters were evaluated, and the dynamics of transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived fragments (tRFs) were analyzed using deep RNA sequencing in five consecutive samples from men with normal sperm counts. Our results revealed significant improvement in sperm motility and a decrease in the DNA fragmentation index after the 1- to 3-h abstinence period. Additionally, we identified 245 differentially expressed tRFs, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was the most enriched. Further investigations showed significant changes in tRF-Lys-TTT and its target gene mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 ( MAP2K2 ), which indicates a role of tRFs in improving sperm function. These findings provide new insights into how shorter abstinence periods influence sperm quality and suggest that tRFs may serve as biomarkers for male fertility. This research highlights the potential for optimizing ART protocols and improving reproductive outcomes through molecular approaches that target sperm function.
Male ; Humans ; Spermatozoa/metabolism* ; RNA, Transfer/genetics* ; Sperm Motility/genetics* ; Adult ; Semen Analysis ; Sexual Abstinence/physiology* ; Sperm Count ; DNA Fragmentation