Objective: To systematically characterize the developmental trajectory and interdisciplinary integration of intelligent diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) through quantitative topic evolution analysis, we addressed the fragmentation of existing research and clarified the long-term research structure and evolutionary patterns of the field. Methods: A topic evolution analysis was performed on Chinese-language literature pertaining to intelligent diagnosis in TCM. Publications were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), covering the period from database inception to July 3, 2025. A hybrid segmentation approach, based on cumulative publication growth trends and inflection point detection, was applied to divide the research timeline into distinct stages. Subsequently, the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model was used to extract research topics, followed by alignment and evolutionary analysis of topics across different stages. Results: A total of 3 919 publications published between 2003 and 2025 were included, and the research trajectory was divided into five stages based on data-driven breakpoint detection. The field exhibited a clear evolutionary shift from early rule-based systems and tongue-pulse image and signal analysis (2006 – 2010), to machine-learning-based syndrome and prescription modeling (2011 – 2015), followed by deep-learning-driven pattern recognition and formula association (2016 – 2020). Since 2021, research has increasingly emphasized knowledge-graph construction, multimodal integration, and intelligent clinical decision-support systems, with recent studies (2024 – 2025) showing the emergence of large language models and agent-based diagnostic frameworks. Topic evolution analysis further revealed sustained cross-stage continuity in syndrome modeling and prescription association analysis, alongside the progressive consolidation of integrated intelligent diagnostic platforms. Conclusion By identifying key technological transitions and persistent core research themes, our findings offer a structured reference framework for the design of intelligent diagnostic systems, the construction of knowledge-driven clinical decision-support tools, and the alignment of AI models with TCM diagnostic logic. Importantly, the stage-based evolutionary insights derived from this analysis can inform future methodological choices, improve model interpretability and clinical applicability, and support the translation of intelligent TCM diagnosis from experimental research to real-world clinical practice.

To investigate the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) following the use of amphotericin B deoxycholate and to develop a predictive model to guide clinical monitoring and intervention.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Jingui Shenqiwan （JSW） and Liuwei Dihuangwan （LDW） on the reproductive ability and brain function of normal mice and compare the actions of the two medications. MethodsSeven groups of female and male mice were divided at a ratio of 2∶1. Except for the control group， the other six groups were as follows： a group of both males and females receiving JSW （3.0 g·kg^-1）， a group of both males and females receiving LDW （4.5 g·kg^-1）， a group of males receiving water and females receiving JSW， a group of males receiving water while females receiving LDW， a group of females receiving water while males receiving JSW， and a group of females receiving water while males receiving LDW. Each group was administered the drug for 14 days and then caged together at a 2∶1 （female∶male） ratio to detect the number of pregnant mice and calculate the pregnancy rate. Pregnant mice continued receiving the drug until they naturally gave birth， which was followed by the observation of newborn mice， calculation of their average number， and the measurement of the offspring's preference for sugar water and neonatal recognition index. At the end of the experiment， the weights of the thymus and spleen were measured to calculate the organ coefficients， and mRNA or protein expression was analyzed in the brain and testes or ovaries. A 1% sucrose solution was used to examine the euphoria of their brain reward systems， while novel object recognition test （NOR） was applied to assess their memory capabilities. mRNA expression was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） assay， and protein expression was analyzed with Western blot. ResultsCompared with the control group， oral administration of JSW to both male and female mice for 14 days significantly increased the pregnancy rate of female mice on day 2 after being caged together （P<0.05）， while LDW showed a trend but no statistical significance. Additionally， compared with the control group， JSW could upregulate the gene expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） in the thalamus， as well as reproductive stem cell factor （SCF） and tyrosine kinase receptor （c-Kit） in the testes and reproductive stem cell marker mouse vasa homologue （MVH） in the ovaries， upregulate the expression of proteins influencing neuronal functional activity， such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， in hippocampal neurons （P<0.05）， and enhance sucrose preference in male mice （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， JSW significantly increased sucrose preference and novel object recognition index in offspring mice （P<0.05）， which was related to the upregulation of hippocampal dopamine D1 receptor （D1R） and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor （Nmdar） gene expression. Compared with the control group， both JSW and LDW could upregulate the protein expression of glucocorticoid receptor （GR）， BDNF， and tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrkB） in the hippocampus of offspring mice （P<0.05）. ConclusionJSW significantly enhances the reproductive ability of normal mice， which is not only related to the release of gonadotropin but also associated with its regulation of brain function. Additionally， JSW has a certain regulatory effect on the brain function of the offspring mice.

To systematically evaluate the impact of the "group-based " medical assistance program for Xizang, conducted by Peking Union Medical College Hospital, on the implementation outcomes of standardized residency training (SRT) at the Xizang Autonomous Region People′s Hospital, and to provide evidence-based decision-making references and policy optimization recommendations for medical education support models in border ethnic minority regions.

This paper summarizes professor LIU Zhibin's clinical experience in treating Parkinson's disease with festinating gait by acupuncture combined with tuina based on the theory of the eight hollow spaces. Professor LIU holds that the disease involve the channel sinews and joints， and that the key pathogenesis lies in dysfunction of the eight hollow spaces， impairment of mechanical pivots and contraction of channel sinews. Clinically， these manifestations are characterized by impaired function of the hip and popliteal regions with dysregulation of gait initiation and termination， as well as impaired function of the axillary and elbow regions with discoordination of postural balance and movement. The therapeutic principle is regulating the spirit， unblocking the collaterals， and facilitating the eight hollow spaces. Acupuncture focuses on awakening the brain， regulating the spirit， unblocking the eight hollow spaces and dredging the sinew channels， whereas tuina focuses on releasing sinew knots around the hip and popliteal regions and restoring the movement of mechanical pivots. Particular emphasis is placed on the sequential application of acupuncture and tuina and the integration of static and dynamic approaches， with physical movement used to facilitate regulation of the spirit and gait training employed to consolidate therapeutic effects. This approach provides a new perspective for the treatment of festinating gait in Parkinson's disease with traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To construct a database for molecular mass spectra of toxins and drugs in order to facilitate the management and retrieval of mass spectra for nerve agents,metabolites and other small molecules.Methods Requirement analysis and functional design were performed using software engineering methods.The Spec2Vec algorithm was used for vector representation of mass spectra,while SMILES molecular structures were vectorized using the extended connectivity fingerprint(ECFP).A data storage model integrating structured information and vector representations was established using the Milvus database.Similarity search of mass spectra and molecular structures was conducted via vector similarity comparison and the FlashEntropySearch algorithm.Results The constructed database of mass spectra encompassed over 400,000 entries from such sources as OCAD,NIST,MASSBANK,metabolic products,and natural products of TCM,which was capable of searching for similarities in mass spectra and molecular structures.On a standard server,similarity search of mass spectra took no more than 5 seconds,while that of molecular structures took no more than 1 second.Conclusion The system enables efficient management of complex mass spectra and provides rapid retrieval and comparison of mass spectra-related information through advanced vector indexing technology,offering robust data support and research tools for toxicology and pharmacology.

In the context of the development of transplant oncology,it is of great clinical significance to find a drug with both antitumor and immunosuppressive effects for liver transplantation patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The antitumor effect of ginkgolic acid(GA)has been confirmed,and some studies suggest that GA may also have an immunosuppressive effect.The immunosuppressive effect of GA was evaluated by histopathology,T-cell subpopulation,and cytokine detection in rat liver transplantation and mouse cardiac transplantation models,and transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis was used to explore the underlying mechanism of the GA immunosuppressive effect.Metabolites,activation,and ferroptosis markers of CD8+T cells were detected in vivo and in vitro.Based on rat liver transplantation and mouse cardiac transplantation models,the immunosuppressive effect of GA was first confirmed by histopathology,T-cell subpopulation,and cytokine detection.In the mouse cardiac transplantation model,transcriptomics combined with metabolomics demonstrated for the first time that GA inhibited lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)expression and pyruvate metabolism in CD8+T cells.It was confirmed in vivo and in vitro that GA inhibited pyruvate metabolism of CD8+T cells through LDHA,inhibiting their activation and inducing ferroptosis.Over-expression of LDHA partially reversed the effect of GA on the metabolism,activation,and ferroptosis of CD8+T cells in vitro.GA mediates metabolic reprogramming through LDHA to inhibit the activation and induce ferroptosis of CD8+T cells to exert an immunosuppressive effect,which lays an experimental foundation for the future clinical application of its immunosuppressive effect.

Ischemic obstruction is a dangerous condition with a high mortality rate.Professor Jin Shi proposed that vascular intesti-nal obstruction disease is based on the intestinal tract while the structure of mesenteric vascular structure in modern medicine is highly similar to the morphological description of"intestinal collateral"in traditional Chinese medicine.The"hypercoagulable state"of blood is highly consistent with the core of the pathogenesis of"intestinal stasis"in traditional Chinese medicine.Blood stasis is a key patho-logical product and pathogenic factor of vascular intestinal obstruction and it is necessary to pay attention to the combination of disease identification,clarification of urgency,and phased treatment.This study provides a theoretical basis and practical example for the treatment of vascular intestinal obstruction in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To study the dynamic changes in the secretion of neurotransmitters glutamic acid(Glu)and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in the central auditory brain area,in order to explore the effects of sodium salicy-late on different locations of the auditory pathway.Methods A total of 126 SD rats were injected intraperitoneally with salicylate,and were divided into 10 groups including injection groups for 1,2,4,8,and 24 hours,chronic in-jection groups for 3,7,and 14 days,and chronic recovery groups for 21 and 28 days with 6 rats in each group,as well as their corresponding blank control groups.Rats in each group were anesthetized and materials were collected for further use.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was performed to detect and compare the dynam-ic changes in the levels of Glu and GABA in the auditory cortex,inferior colliculus,cochlear nucleus,and hippocam-pus of the auditory center of rats in each group at different time points.Results Compared with the control group,within 24 hours of acute injection of salicylate,the Glu content in the auditory cortex reached the peak in 1 hour,and the hippocampus reached the peak at the 4th hour after injection,and then decreased slowly.The GABA con-tent in the four brain regions showed a slow upward trend in the chronic injection period,reached the peak on the 7th day,decreased and approached normal level on the 14th day,and basically returned to the normal level in the re-covery period.Conclusion These findings indicate that salicylate has a certain short-term excitatory and stimulating effect on the central auditory system.Under the mechanism of central plasticity,after long-term injection of salicy-late,the release of neurotransmitters reaches a new excitation/inhibition balance in the central area.Glu and GABA may each play a different role that may ultimately lead to the development of tinnitus.

Objective:We summarize the clinical characteristics of surgeries in which the thyroid lobe is used as a transfer flap to treat early pharyngeal fistula following total laryngectomy.We also provide useful data for improving the diagnosis and management of this condition.Methods:Retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 8 patients with pharyngocutaneous fistulas after total laryngectomy for laryn-geal and pharyngeal cancer patients admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(The First Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University)between October 2016 and October 2023.The surgeons performed a double-layer repair technique that included local inversion and a purse-string suture of the fistula using the thyroid lobe as a transfer flap.Clinical data were collected to analyze postoperative outcomes.Results:All eight patients experienced successful pharyngeal fistula repair.Postoperatively,these patients were managed with nasogastric tube feed-ing,liquid diet,and prophylactic antibiotics to prevent infection.After 10 days,their diet was changed to oral liquids,and their nasogastric tubes were removed.All patients were discharged after complete recovery.Conclusions:Use of the thyroid lobe as a transfer flap in a double-layer repair technique involving local inversion of the fistula is an effective method for repairing early pharyngeal fistula after total laryngectomy.This approach offers several advantages,including ease of flap harvesting,shortened operation time,reduced patient discom-fort,high transfer flap survival rate,and rapid postoperative recovery.The clinical efficacy of this technique is well-supported,making it a re-liable option for the management of early pharyngeal leaks.