Objective To analyze the current status and hotspots of surgical transmural ablation of atrial fibrillation using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection database was used as the data source. The CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and VOSviewer software were used to analyze the related studies on surgical transmural ablation of atrial fibrillation about the authors, countries/institutions, literature co-citation and keywords. Results A total of 109 articles were enrolled. Damiano RJ was the most prolific researcher, while Cox JL was the author with the highest number of citations. The United States was the leading country in this research field. The University of Washington was an important institution in the study of atrial fibrillation transmural ablation. The main hotpots were the effectiveness of surgical ablation, especially Cox-maze procedure, selection of the energy source of surgical ablation, combination of surgical and catheter ablations, and pulmonary vein isolation. Conclusion This study visualizes the current research status of surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. How to improve the effectiveness and transmurality of surgical ablation is a hot research topic in the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. The combination of electrophysiology mapping and surgical ablation may be the development direction in the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Objective    To analyze the early and mid-term safety and effectiveness of concomitant cryosurgical Cox-Maze Ⅳ procedure in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. Methods    We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 68 patients (28 males and 40 females with a mean age of 38.7±9.3 years) who underwent concomitant cryosurgical Cox-Maze Ⅳ procedure in minimally invasive mitral valve and tricuspid surgery in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital from August 2013 to October 2017. The heart rhythm of the patients after surgery was supervised by 24 hour holter monitoring eletrocardiogram. Results    No death occurred during operation and follow-up. One patient underwent reexploration for bleeding. The rate of sinus rhythm restored at the time of discharge was 95.8%. The rate of sinus rhythm restored at 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months after surgery was 93.5%, 91.6%, 90.3% and 89.5% respectively. Conclusion    Concomitant cryosurgical Cox-Maze Ⅳ procedure in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery is quite safe and effective in treatment of rheumatic mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation in the early and mid-term follow-up.

Objective To reveal pathogenesis and etiology in adrenal incidentaloma. Methods The clinical data of 116 patients with adrenal incidentaloma from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 116 patients with adrenal incidentaloma, 49 cases (42.2％) were male and 67 cases (57.7％) were female; there were 14 cases (12.1％) aged from 20 to 40, 63 cases (54.3％) aged from 40 to 60, and 39 cases (33.6％) > 60 years. Forty-three patients (37.1％) were found by health examination, 26 patients (22.4％) were found because of hypertension, 27 patients (23.3％) were found by CT detection because of other diseases, and 20 cases (17.2％ ) were found because of other reasons. The result of endocrine function examination showed that nonfunctioning adrenal tumor was in 56 cases (48.3％); functional adrenal tumor was in 44 cases (37.9％), among whom primary aldosteronism was in 27 cases, Cushing syndrome was in 10 cases, and pheochromocytoma was in 7 cases;nonfunctioning non- adenoma was in 16 cases (13.8％ ). Conclusions It is frequent that the adrenal incidentaloma is found by health examination. The patients with adrenal incidentaloma should examine the endocrine function and identify the benign or malignant. And if necessary, surgical treatment should be performed.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical data of patients who experienced cryoablation in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery and to explore safety and effectiveness of the surgery.
 METHODS: We retrospectively collected the clinical data of patients who experienced cryoablation in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery in Department of Cardiovascular of Second Xiangya Hospital from August 2013 to July 2015. Through a right side (4-6 cm) thoracotomy, femoral cannulation and aortic cross-clamp by Chitwood clamper was performed, left atrium was entered from interatrial groove. Modified left and right side cryomaze followed by valve surgery was finished. The left atrial appendage was excluded by oversewing from endocardial surface. The cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross-clamp time, duration in hospital were recorded. The heart rhythm of 3 consecutive post operation days, at 7th day, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months or 18 months after the surgery was monitered by 12-leads electrical cardiogram.
 RESULTS: No death was observed in this group. Reexploration for bleeding was conducted for one case. Operation time, CBP time and cross-clamp time was (197.4±27.2), (103.6±20.3)and (65.3±15.7) min, respectively. Duration in ICU and hospital was (1.2±0.4) and (9.2±1.6) d, respectively. The ratio of sinus rhythm restoration right after surgery was 97.1%. The ratio of sinus rhythm restoration at the time of hospital discharge was 94.3%. No motality was found in follow-up. The ratio of sinus rhythm restoration at 3, 6, 12,18 months after the surgery was 94.3%, 93.5%, 90.5%, 93.3%, respectively.
 CONCLUSION Right minimal invasive thoracoscopic-assisted cryoablation in mitral valve surgery is quite effective in the treatment of atrial fibrillation, displaying the advantages of less complications, motality and hospitalization.
Aorta ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Cryosurgery ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Mitral Valve ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Instruments ; Thoracotomy

Objective To explore the surgical method of double flag-shaped flap to correct the shortened middle part of upper lip deformity of post burn.Methods From January 2009 to December 2013,9 cases of shortened middle part of upper lip post burn deformity were corrected by double flag-shaped flap,including 4 males and 5 females who aged from 18 to 37 years.They received the surgery from 1 to 3 years after burn.The main clinical manifestations included the upper lip eversion,too short middle part of upper lip,the destruction of the normal anatomy philtrum,philtrum column deformity and poor continuity vermilion border.Results The height of the middle of upper lip of 9 patients enrolled in the experimental treatment was lengthened by 4 to 6 mm after operation,which fundamentally corrected the shortened middle part of upper lip deformity of post burn.The patients were followed up for a period of 3 months to 2 years and received satisfactory results.The operative incisions of 9 cases were primary healing,with no flap blood supply disorders,wound infection,dehiscence and other complications.Conclusions Double flag-shaped flap of the upper lip at the nostrils bottom is a simple and good effective method to correct the shortened middle part of upper lip deformity of post burn.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of autologous cartilage following unilateral cleft lip and palate repair on correction of secondary complex deformity.Methods 17 patients with complex secondary cleft palate were enrolled in this study from December 2004 to December 2014.Correction of nasal and lip deformity and oronasal fistula were achieved at the same time.The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after follow-up from 3 months to 2 years after operation.Results All 17 patients received satisfactory results,of which 14 patients were satisfied and three cases of general satisfaction.Conclusions Satisfactory results are received by using autologous rib cartilage to repair secondary complex deformity of unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Objective To investigate the application of multiple dilators for excessive expansion of scalp with hair covering and integrated use of expanded flap to repair cicatricial alopecia in a large area.Methods stage Ⅰ surgery was performed as follows:multiple dilators were chosed and embedded below the galea aponeurotica of the scalp with hair covering according to the bald hair shape,size of the alopecia area.Excessive expansion was conducted for 3 to 6 months to get the extra hair scalp.Stage Ⅱ surgery was as follows:Dilators were removed and scar areas were resected,followed by combined use of sliding advancement flap,rotation flap and translocation flap to repair scalp alopecia.Resluts The postoperative effect of all patients was ideal with satisfied appearance.Conclusions Multiple dilator excessive expansion may obtain a large number of additional expansion scalp,combined by reasonable use of skin flap transfer technology,which can be used to repair the large scarring alopecia and get a good clinical effect.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of auricle reconstruction with expanded auricle posterior flap on mastoidea and auto rib cartilage bracket for repair of congenital microtia.Methods Twenty-one eligible patients with congenital auricle malformation and defect were recruited into this study and three-stage operation was performed.A 50 ml kidney-shaped expander was implanted at mastoid process area to expand skin in stage Ⅰ surgery,followed by a regular affusion to expand skin for 3 to 4 months.The average total waterflood was (80.51 ± 3.87) ml.The volume remained stable for 1 month,once up to the predetermined amount.In stage Ⅱ surgery autogenous costal cartilage was taken and carved into inverted conch shape.Auricle was reconstructed with the expanded flap to cover the auto rib cartilage bracket.The stage Ⅲ surgery was performed for details dressing of the auricle after 3 months.Results All 21 cases underwent operation successfully.Reconstructed ear auricles were similar to uninjured sides in size and shape.Both doctors and patients were contented with the auricles.Conclusions Expanded auricle posterior flap on mastoidea can cover the auto rib cartilage bracket.Autologous costal cartilage can be carved to four layers cartilage bracket that likes an inverted conch,and followed by realistic postoperative auricular shape and strong three-dimensional sense after operation.

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence of thyroid nodules and metabolic syndrome,and to analyze the correlation between thyroid nodules and the components of metabolic syndrome.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 8 217 people in our hospital health check-up center.Height,body weight,blood pressure,blood glucose,lipid profile,and liver function were measured and ultrasonic scanning of thyroid was performed.Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to criteria of CDS/2004.Results ( 1 ) The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 42.1％.The prevalence in women (49.6％) was significantly higher than that in men( 38.4％,P＜0.01.),and it was progressively increased with aging in both sexes.(2) The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 21.7％.The prevalence in men( 28.5％ ) was significantly higher than that in women( 12.8％,P＜0.01 ),and was increased with age until 70 years old.( 3 ) Body mass index,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,blood glucose,triglyceride in subject with thyroid nodules (TN) were higher than those in subjects without ( non-TN,P＜0.05 ).No difference in the levels of HDL-C was found between cases with TN and non-TN ( P＞0.05 ).(4) Logistic regression analysis revealed that the existence of thyroid nodules was significantly associated with overweight/obesity ( OR =1.263,95 ％ CI 1.134-1.407 ) after adjusting age and sex.Conclusion( 1 ) The prevalences of thyroid nodules and metabolic syndrome are high,and both prevalence increase with advancing age.(2) Obesity or overweight might be a risk factor for the development of thyroid nodules.