Objective: To investigate the regional differences in the incidence of urothelial carcinoma among kidney transplant recipients between northern and southern China，so as to provide reference for early diagnosis of this disease. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases，including CNKI，Wanfang，CBM，and PubMed，using the keywords “kidney transplantation” and “tumor” to collect clinical data from qualified kidney transplant centers.The latest and most complete literature data published by 17 transplant centers in northern China and 14 in southern China were included.Statistical analyses were performed to compare the incidence of post-transplant urothelial carcinoma and non-urothelial malignancies. Results: A total of 37 475 kidney transplant recipients were included，among whom 837 (2.23%) developed post-transplant malignancies，including urothelial carcinoma (366/837，43.73%)，non-urothelial carcinoma (444/837，53.05%)，and malignancies with unspecified pathology (27/837，3.23%).The incidence of malignancies was significantly higher in northern China than in southern China [(2.82±1.39)% vs. (1.67±0.83)%，P=0.011]，with a particularly pronounced difference in the incidence of urothelial carcinoma [(1.68±1.12)% vs. (0.32±0.32)%，P<0.001].No significant difference was observed in the incidence of non-urothelial carcinoma between the two regions [(1.11±0.56)% vs. (1.35±0.65)%，P=0.279].Additionally，female transplant recipients exhibited a higher incidence of malignancies than males in both regions (southern China：2.38% vs. 1.80%; northern China：8.93% vs. 2.52%). Conclusion: The incidence of urothelial carcinoma following kidney transplantation is significantly higher in northern China than in southern China，underscoring the importance of implementing regular tumor screening for kidney transplant recipients，particularly for female patients in northern China，to facilitate early diagnosis and timely intervention.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of modified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills on tumor growth and T-cell subsets in H22 hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing mice and to provide an experimental basis for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with modified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills combined with immune checkpoint antibodies. MethodA H22 hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing mouse model was established. The modeled mice were randomized into model， cisplatin， low- （4 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， medium- （8 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and high-dose （16 g·kg^-1·d^-1） modified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills groups. After continuous administration for 14 days， the mice were sacrificed on day 15. The tumor volume was measured on days 0， 4， 8， 12， 15 of drug administration. Tumors were weighed and thymus index and spleen index were calculated. Spleen lymphocytes were co-cultured with H22 hepatoma cells， and the tumor cell-killing rate was detected by the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried to determine the mRNA levels of programmed cell death protein-1 （PD-1） and lymphocyte activation gene-3 （LAG-3） in spleen and tumor tissues. The number of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells and the expression of PD-1 and LAG-3 were detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC）. ResultOn day 8 of drug administration， tumor volumes in all treatment groups decreased compared with that in the model group. On day 15， both tumor volume and tumor weight were significantly lower in the treatment groups than in the model group （P<0.01）， with the cisplatin group showing the most pronounced reduction. Compared with the model and cisplatin groups， medium- and high-dose modified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills increased the thymus index （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， all treatment groups showed increased spleen index （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with the cisplatin group showing the most significant increase. Compared with the model and cisplatin groups， all the groups of modified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills demonstrated increased number of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells and tumor cell-killing rate in the spleen and tumor tissues （P<0.01） and down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of LAG-3 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The high-dose group of modified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills had lower mRNA level of PD-1 in the tumor tissue than the model and cisplatin groups （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills may promote the proliferation and tumor microenvironment infiltration of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in H22 tumor-bearing mice by down-regulating LAG-3 expression， thereby improving T-cell immune activity and inhibiting tumor growth. This study provides an experimental basis for the combination of modified Danggui Beimu Kushen pills and immune checkpoint antibodies in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty has become the main treatment method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures due to its advantages of convenient operation and low trauma.However,the optimal bone cement-vertebral volume ratio has not been determined. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone cement-vertebral volume ratio on percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:The clinical data of 100 patients with single-stage osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted to Xinjiang Bazhou People's Hospital from July 2019 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty.According to the bone cement-vertebral volume ratio,they were divided into the low volume group(15%≤ratio≤20%)and the high volume group(20%0.05).The vertebral anterior margin height in the low volume group was lower than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).The Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae in the low volume group was higher than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).(2)There were 10 H-type and 40 O-type bone cement distributions in the low volume group.There were 36 H-type and 14 O-type bone cement distributions in the high volume group,and there was no significant difference in bone cement distributions between the two groups(P<0.05).The bone cement leakage rate in the high volume group and low volume group was 10%and 6%,respectively.(3)It is indicated that both low and high bone cement-vertebral volume ratios can improve postoperative pain and functional dysfunction,but high bone cement-vertebral volume ratio can improve the morphological recovery of injured vertebral,which may be related to the fact that the distribution of bone cement in this group is more H-type.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of thyroid dysfunction(TD)in malignant tumor patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).Methods A total of 157 cancer patients who were hospitalized and received ICIs treatment in the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2019 to June 2022 were collected and divided into the normal thyroid function group and abnormal thyroid function group based on whether TD had occurred.Fifty-eight patients with the normal thyroid function and 58 patients with the abnormal thyroid function were selected,and 58 healthy adults who underwent the physical examination in our hospital were randomly selected as the control group.The baseline data on the gender,age,tumor and ICIs type,history of surgery before medication,history of radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and the related indicators of liver and kidney function,blood lipids,thyroid hormone levels and so on were collected.The relevant indicators of the three groups were statistically analyzed,and the normal thyroid function group and abnormal thyroid function group were compared to evaluate the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of TD caused by ICIs.Results 1.Among 157 patients treated with ICIs,58 cases(36.9%)had thyroid dysfunction,including 39 cases of hypothyroidism(including subclinical hypothyroidism),9 cases of hyperthyroidism(including subclinical hyperthyroidism),and 10 cases of pure related antibody abnormality.2.The analysis of the data of the normal thyroid function group,the abnormal thyroid function group and the control group showed that the age,thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),and thyroid function of the three groups were significantly different.TSH)baseline level,free triiodothyronine(FT3)baseline level and aspartate transaminase(AST)baseline level were statistically different(P<0.05).There were significant differences in TSH baseline and radiotherapy history between the normal thyroid function group and the abnormal thyroid function group(P<0.05);Multivariate analysis showed that the radiotherapy history(OR=7.291,95% CI= 1.579-33.663,P<.05),baseline TSH level(OR=3.917,95% CI= 1.697-9.038,P<0.05)were the independent risk factors for thyroid dysfunction in cancer patients after ICIs treatment.Conclusion Hypothyroidism is the most common type of TD caused by ICIs in cancer patients.The baseline TSH level and the history of radiotherapy are the independent risk factors for thyroid dysfunction.

Background and objective Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence rate and the heaviest disease burden in China.In recent years,lung cancer has shown a high incidence trend,seriously affecting the health of the population.In this paper,we analyze the characteristics of lung cancer incidence in 2019 and the trend of incidence rate from 2010-2019 in the tumor registration area of Gansu province,in order to provide a reference basis for the development of lung cancer prevention and control strategies in Gansu province.Methods By analyzing the cases of lung cancer incidence in the tumor registration area of Gansu province in 2019,we calculated the incidence rate,medium incidence rate,world in-cidence rate and other related indexes;we used Joinpoint to calculate the annual percentage change(APC)for trend analysis.Results In 2019,a total of 3757 new cases of lung cancer were reported in Gansu province,accounting for 14.96%of all new malignant tumors.The incidence rate,medium incidence rate and world incidence rate and world rate of lung cancer were 40.52/105,25.78/105,25.86/105;and the cumulative rate of 0-74 years old,and the truncation rate of 35-64 years old were 3.23%,40.03/105,respectively.The incidence of lung cancer rises with age,and is high in the age group of 40 years and above,and the incidence peaks in the male and female populations in the group of 75 years and above,and the group of 80 years and above,respectively.The crude incidence rate of lung cancer in the tumor registration area of Gansu province from 2010-2019 showed an overall increasing trend,and the rate of increase was relatively fast,with an APC 5.39%(P<0.05);Separately,accord-ing to gender,urban and rural areas,the incidence of lung cancer in all populations showed an increasing trend,and the APC of male,female,urban and rural populations were 4.98%,6.39%,6.26%,and 4.64%,respectively(all P<0.05).According to the trend analysis of lung cancer incidence rate by age group,only lung cancer incidence in the age group of 65 years and above increased at an annual average rate of 4.15%(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of lung cancer in the tumor registration area of Gansu province from 2010 to 2019 shows a rising trend year by year,and there are differences in the incidence of lung cancer in people of different genders,regions and age groups,so comprehensive prevention and control work should be carried out for the key populations of lung cancer incidence.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the treatment outcomes of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and to explore the risk factors affecting these outcomes, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the corps region. Methods　TB patients registered in the Corps from 2016 to 2022 were selected, and the basic demographic and clinical data of the research objects were collected by retrospective method. Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis and the Cox multivariate regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of treatment outcomes of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Results　From 2016 to 2022, a total of 8 838 TB patients were registered in the TB Management Information System of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, of which 495 cases were untreated, 43 cases had changed diagnoses, 301 cases had no treatment outcomes, 6 cases were diagnosed as extrapulmonary tuberculosis, 11 cases were diagnosed as tracheobronchial tuberculosis, and finally 7 982 TB patients were included in the study. Of the 7 982 patients, 7 578 (94.94%) were treated successfully, while 404 (5.06%) had adverse outcomes (including 32 cases of failure, 13 cases of TB death, 173 cases of non-TB death, 12 cases lost to follow-up, 94 cases of adverse reactions, 10 cases transferred to multi-drug resistance treatment, and 70 other cases). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the >30 to 60-year-old and >60-year-old age groups (OR=1.565, P=0.009; OR=2.960, P<0.001), belonging to ethnic minorities (OR=1.526, P<0.001), being a patients with diabetes mellitus (OR=1.696, P=0.002), current address being in other areas of the province or patients from other provinces (OR=1.419, P=0.004; OR=1.624, P=0.001), receiving retreatment (OR=1.910, P<0.001), and absence of primary care management (OR=1.351, P=0.003) were the risk factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes in the corps' pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Conclusions　The treatment success rate of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the Corps region is relatively high, but there is still a need to strengthen the treatment and management of the elderly, ethnic minorities, diabetes patients, non-local floating population, retreatment patients and patients who did not receive primary management.

【Objective】 To investigate the expressions of P53 and Ki-67 in prostate cancer (PCa)and to explore their correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics. 【Methods】 The expressions of P53 and Ki-67 in 90 PCa patients were detected with immunohistochemistry. Patients’ age, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, postoperative Gleason score, pathological stage, and invasion of neurovascular cancer embolus of all patients were recorded. The relationship of P53 expression with the above indexes was evaluated. 【Results】 The positive rates of P53 and Ki-67 were 27.8% (25/90) and 46.7% (42/90), respectively. The positive rate of P53 in pT2 and pT3-T4 stage groups were 19.7% (13/66) and 50.0% (12/24) (P=0.005), and the positive rate of Ki-67 were 36.4% (24/66) and 75.0% (18/24) (P=0.001), respectively. The positive rate of Ki-67 in Gleason score ≤6, ≤7 and ≥8 groups were 30.4%, 53.8% and 66.7%, respectively, with statistical difference. Positive expression of P53 was related to Ki-67 expression, but not to patients’ age, preoperative PSA level, postoperative Gleason score and nerve and invasion of neurovascular cancer embolus. 【Conclusion】 P53 expression is related to tumor stage and Ki-67, while Ki-67 expression is associated with tumor stage ang grade.

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Curcuma longa. METHODS: The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectral analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, MS, UV, and CD analysis. RESULTS: Two new sesquiterpene compounds (1S,2R,5R,7S,8R)-2,8-epoxy-5-hydroxybisabola-3,10-dioen-9-one ( 1), (1R,2R,5R,7S,8R)-2,8-epoxy-5-hydroxybisabola-3,10-dioen-9-one ( 2), and a new natural product 6-(4-Hydroxymethylphenyl)-2-methyl-hept-2-ene-4-one ( 3) together with three known compounds ar-turmerone ( 4), 2-methyl-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methyl)-2-hepten-4-one ( 5) and 2-methyl-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hepten-4-one ( 6) were isolated from C. longa root extract with 95% ethanol. CONCLUSION In the study, three new compounds were isolated from C. longa, and their absolute configurations were determined.

Phosphoprotein Phosphatases ; Kinetics ; Protein Phosphatase 2/metabolism*

Objective: To explore the long-term clinical efficacy of transcatheter repair of mitral paravalvular leak (PVL) post surgical mitral valve replacement. Methods: This study is a retrospective study. Patients who completed transcatheter repair of paravalvular leak after surgical mitral valve replacement at Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from March 2010 to December 2018 were included. Technical success was defined as the occluder being stably implanted in the paravalvular leak site without affecting the function of the mitral valve and surrounding tissues; and there were no intervention-related complications, such as new hemolysis or aggravated hemolysis, and echocardiography confirmed mitral paravalvular regurgitation reduced by more than 1 grade. Patients were followed up at 30 days, 1, and 3 years after the intervention. The main endpoints were all-cause death and re-surgery due to interventional failure or serious complications. The occurrence of occluder-mediated hemolysis and chronic renal insufficiency was recorded, and patients were monitored with echocardiography during follow up. Results: A total of 75 patients were included, aged (54.3±22.9) years old, and 38 patients were males. All patients had decreased cardiac function and/or hemolysis before intervention. Procedural success was achieved in 54 patients (72.0%). Incidence of device-mediated hemolysis was 18.7% (14/75). During the follow-up period, all-cause death occurred in 7 patients (9.3%), and 3 were cardiac deaths.The 3-year event-free survival rate was 81.3% (61/75). The need for cardiac surgery was 9.3% (7/75): 3 cases due to severe device-mediated hemolysis, 2 cases due to prosthetic valve failure and 2 cases due to moderate to severe residual regurgitation. The echocardiography follow-up results showed that the position of the occluder was stable, there was no impact on the artificial valve function and surrounding structures, and the residual regurgitation was stable without progressive increase in event-free patients. Compared with pre-intervention, the left ventricular end systolic diameter ((33.9±7.4)mm vs. (38.3±8.9) mm, P=0.036), end diastolic diameter ((53.7±8.3) mm vs. (58.4±9.1) mm, P=0.045) and left atrial diameter (59.3 (44.5, 90.7) mm vs. 64.3 (44.8, 96.6) mm, P=0.049) were significantly reduced, pulmonary artery systolic pressure was also significantly decreased ((36.5±15.8) mmHg vs. (46.3±14.9) mmHg, P=0.022, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). There was no significant difference between 3 years and 1 year after transcatheter repair of mitral paravalvular leak post surgical mitral valve replacement (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Transcatheter repair of mitral paravalvular leak post surgical mitral valve replacement is an effective treatment option in selective patients.
Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Female ; Mitral Valve/surgery* ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Retrospective Studies ; Hemolysis ; China ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Prosthesis Failure