Background: Medicines with unique healing methods and European medical treatments and services, which have been used around the world to this day, are now being used in a combined form in the healthcare services of many countries, and the possibility of integrating them is a widely discussed issue among researchers. It is noteworthy that no independent research has yet been published that has analyzed in detail how the influence of Chinese and other medical schools has been reflected in the development of Traditional Mongolian medicine. It is considered important to analyze this issue individually, in each direction, to clarify the historical process of how Traditional Mongolian medicine was formed today. Aim: Conduct research within specific codes in the works of Mongolian doctors to identify the presence of Chinese medical data, knowledge, and information. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative research method based on historical and source books. Our study employed content and thematic analysis, utilizing coding and the identification of recurring patterns in the source text. Results: The results of the coding study show that most of the data used from Chinese meicines falls under the code “infection”. In Sumbe Khamba Ishbaljir’s sourcebook, 42.8% of the information was coded as infection, in Tsakhar Gevsh Luvsanchultemi’s sourcebook 50%, in Mindol Khutagt Jambalchoyjidanzanperenle’s sourcebook 47.05%, and in Ishdanzanvanjil’s “Shuren Chimeg” 87.5% was coded as infection. After that, when the information included in the code “injury” is classified by each sourcebooks, 33.3% is found in Ishbaljir’s sourcebook, 0% in Luvsanchultem, 24% in Min dol Khutagt Jambalchoyjidanzanperenley, and 6.25% in Ishdanzanvanjil, which ranks second among all codes. Conclusion 1. According to the research results, 56.66% of the Chinese medical information in the above works is related to infection cases. 2. The integration of Chinese medicine learning with Traditional Mongolian medicine methods during epidemics such as “Bodoo” may be a major influencing factor that has shaped the current integrative medicine process.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide and in Mongolia. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are two major etiological factors contributing to the rising burden of HCC, each presenting distinct clinical and pathological characteristics. Aim: To compare the clinical, pathological, and survival characteristics of patients with ALD-related HCC and MASH-related HCC who underwent liver resection. Material and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using clinical and pathological data from 980 patients who underwent liver resection between 2010 and 2024. Among them, 191 were categorized into the ALD group and 789 into the MASH group. Clinical parameters, laboratory findings, tumor pathology (size, grade, fibrosis stage, vascular invasion), recurrence, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. A simulated Kaplan–Meier survival curve was generated based on group-level survival estimates. Results: Patients with ALD were significantly younger and predominantly male compared with those in the MASH group (p=0.0014; p<0.0001). The MASH group demonstrated more aggressive pathological features, including larger tumors (>5 cm), poorer differentiation (G3–4), advanced T4 stage, and a higher rate of large-vessel invasion (all p<0.05). Despite these findings, the MASH group showed a longer mean overall survival (92.6 months) than the ALD group (82.0 months; p=0.0206). Conclusion Although MASH exhibits more aggressive pathological features compared with ALD, patients in the MASH group demonstrated better overall survival. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating etiological differences into the diagnostic, therapeutic, and postoperative management strategies for HCC.