Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Volume loss caused by aging process, diseases, trauma and surgical treatments, could lead to facial depressions, profoundly affecting appearance. Injectable fillers could help to correct this type of disfigurements and are preferred by plastic surgeons and patients due to their quality of minimal invasiveness and better delicateness. Among these fillers, collagen stimulators such as poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA) and polycaprolactone(PCL) are biodegradable synthetic polymers that can stimulate collagen formation and thus gradually restore tissue volume. These polymers have been used worldwide to treat facial aging changes and human immunodeficiency virus-associated facial fat lipoatrophy, demonstrating ideal results in volume enhancement and facial rejuvenation. The progress and clinical applications of compound injectables based on biodegradable collagen stimulators are summarized.

The formation of learning and memory is regulated by synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons. Here we explored how gestational exposure to dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid commonly used in clinical practice, has lasting effects on offspring's learning and memory. Adult offspring rats of prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) displayed significant impairments in novelty recognition and spatial learning memory, with some phenotypes maintained transgenerationally. PDE impaired synaptic transmission of hippocampal excitatory neurons in offspring of F1 to F3 generations, and abnormalities of neurotransmitters and receptors would impair synaptic plasticity and lead to impaired learning and memory, but these changes failed to carry over to offspring of F5 and F7 generations. Mechanistically, altered hippocampal miR-133a-3p-SIRT1-CDK5-NR2B signaling axis in PDE multigeneration caused inhibition of excitatory synaptic transmission, which might be related to oocyte-specific high expression and transmission of miR-133a-3p. Together, PDE affects hippocampal excitatory synaptic transmission, with lasting consequences across generations, and CDK5 in offspring's peripheral blood might be used as an early-warning marker for fetal-originated learning and memory impairment.

Volume loss caused by aging process, diseases, trauma and surgical treatments, could lead to facial depressions, profoundly affecting appearance. Injectable fillers could help to correct this type of disfigurements and are preferred by plastic surgeons and patients due to their quality of minimal invasiveness and better delicateness. Among these fillers, collagen stimulators such as poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA) and polycaprolactone(PCL) are biodegradable synthetic polymers that can stimulate collagen formation and thus gradually restore tissue volume. These polymers have been used worldwide to treat facial aging changes and human immunodeficiency virus-associated facial fat lipoatrophy, demonstrating ideal results in volume enhancement and facial rejuvenation. The progress and clinical applications of compound injectables based on biodegradable collagen stimulators are summarized.

Objective:To investigate the effect of core strength training based on total resistance exercise (TRX) for the flying personnel with nonspecific low back pain (NLBP).Methods:Flying personnel with NLBP who recuperated in Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou from October of 2019 to June of 2021 were selected. They were divided into test group and control group by simple random sampling. The test group received 4 weeks of TRX core strength training, and the control group received 4 weeks of traditional core strength training. The isokinetic muscle strength testing instrument was used to measure the muscle strength characteristics of lumbar and abdominal flexor and extensor muscle groups of the subjects. The differences in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared between 2 groups before and after training.Results:A total of 40 subjects were included with 20 cases in the test group and 20 cases in the control group, all of them were helicopter flying personnel. After training, the scores of VAS in both groups were lower than those before training ( t=22.01, 17.15, both P<0.001), and the VAS score of the test group was lower than that of the control group, with a significant difference ( t=6.55, P<0.001). After training, the ODI scores of subjects in both groups were lower than those before training ( t=32.05, 27.45, both P<0.001), and the score of the test group was lower than that of the control group, with a significant difference ( t=4.85, P<0.001). After training, the relative peak moment of lumbar and abdominal flexor and extensor muscle groups of the test group were higher than those of control group, and the differences were significant ( t=2.65, 2.41, 2.04, 3.31, P=0.026, 0.037, 0.047, 0.005). Conclusions:TRX core strength training can significantly improve the muscle strength of the lumbar and abdominal flexor and extensor muscle groups of flying personnel with NLBP, which can be used as a training program to prevent NLBP for flying personnel.

Objective:To investigate the effect of core strength training based on total resistance exercise (TRX) for the flying personnel with nonspecific low back pain (NLBP).Methods:Flying personnel with NLBP who recuperated in Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou from October of 2019 to June of 2021 were selected. They were divided into test group and control group by simple random sampling. The test group received 4 weeks of TRX core strength training, and the control group received 4 weeks of traditional core strength training. The isokinetic muscle strength testing instrument was used to measure the muscle strength characteristics of lumbar and abdominal flexor and extensor muscle groups of the subjects. The differences in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared between 2 groups before and after training.Results:A total of 40 subjects were included with 20 cases in the test group and 20 cases in the control group, all of them were helicopter flying personnel. After training, the scores of VAS in both groups were lower than those before training ( t=22.01, 17.15, both P<0.001), and the VAS score of the test group was lower than that of the control group, with a significant difference ( t=6.55, P<0.001). After training, the ODI scores of subjects in both groups were lower than those before training ( t=32.05, 27.45, both P<0.001), and the score of the test group was lower than that of the control group, with a significant difference ( t=4.85, P<0.001). After training, the relative peak moment of lumbar and abdominal flexor and extensor muscle groups of the test group were higher than those of control group, and the differences were significant ( t=2.65, 2.41, 2.04, 3.31, P=0.026, 0.037, 0.047, 0.005). Conclusions:TRX core strength training can significantly improve the muscle strength of the lumbar and abdominal flexor and extensor muscle groups of flying personnel with NLBP, which can be used as a training program to prevent NLBP for flying personnel.

Objective:To study the strength characteristics of waist and abdominal flexor and extensor muscles of helicopter pilots in order to provide the basis for waist and abdominal strength training, endurance training and prevention of the lumbar injury.Methods:Seventy-eight male helicopter pilots, whose average age was 38.9±7.5 yrs, height was 173.3±3.0 cm, weight was 72.7±7.7 kg and BMI was 24.2±2.2 kg/m 2, were selected as subjects. Strength characteristics and work of waist and abdominal flexor and extensor muscles of helicopter pilots were detected with 2 angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s by using Isomed 2 000 Isokinetic Test System. The peak torques and the relative peak torques of flexor and extensor muscles were compared under same angular velocity and between different angular velocities. The difference of peak torques of flexor and extensor and the relative peak torques of flexor and extensor were compared between age groups (20-39 yrs and 40-59 yrs). Results:At the same angular velocity, the peak torque and relative peak torque of the waist and abdominal extensor muscles of helicopter pilots were higher than those of the flexor muscles ( t=5.43-8.90, P<0.01). The peak torque and relative peak torque of the waist and abdominal extensor and flexor muscles reduced with the increasing of angular velocity ( t=11.36-12.19, P<0.01). The peak torque of the waist and abdominal extensor and flexor muscles in significantly reduced with the increasing of age, but the relative peak torque of the waist and abdominal flexor and extensor muscles reduced, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 or 0.01). The qualification rate of peak moment ratio was very low, and the balance of flexor and extensor muscles was weakened. Waist and abdominal extensor muscle endurance was weaker than flexor muscle endurance, but the differences was not significant. Conclusion:It is suggested that we should scientifically strengthen the strength training of flexor muscles and the endurance training of extensor muscles, so as to improve the balance of flexor and extensor muscles, and to slow down the decline of lumbar and abdominal muscle strength with age growing.

Objective:To study the strength characteristics of waist and abdominal flexor and extensor muscles of helicopter pilots in order to provide the basis for waist and abdominal strength training, endurance training and prevention of the lumbar injury.Methods:Seventy-eight male helicopter pilots, whose average age was 38.9±7.5 yrs, height was 173.3±3.0 cm, weight was 72.7±7.7 kg and BMI was 24.2±2.2 kg/m 2, were selected as subjects. Strength characteristics and work of waist and abdominal flexor and extensor muscles of helicopter pilots were detected with 2 angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s by using Isomed 2 000 Isokinetic Test System. The peak torques and the relative peak torques of flexor and extensor muscles were compared under same angular velocity and between different angular velocities. The difference of peak torques of flexor and extensor and the relative peak torques of flexor and extensor were compared between age groups (20-39 yrs and 40-59 yrs). Results:At the same angular velocity, the peak torque and relative peak torque of the waist and abdominal extensor muscles of helicopter pilots were higher than those of the flexor muscles ( t=5.43-8.90, P<0.01). The peak torque and relative peak torque of the waist and abdominal extensor and flexor muscles reduced with the increasing of angular velocity ( t=11.36-12.19, P<0.01). The peak torque of the waist and abdominal extensor and flexor muscles in significantly reduced with the increasing of age, but the relative peak torque of the waist and abdominal flexor and extensor muscles reduced, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 or 0.01). The qualification rate of peak moment ratio was very low, and the balance of flexor and extensor muscles was weakened. Waist and abdominal extensor muscle endurance was weaker than flexor muscle endurance, but the differences was not significant. Conclusion:It is suggested that we should scientifically strengthen the strength training of flexor muscles and the endurance training of extensor muscles, so as to improve the balance of flexor and extensor muscles, and to slow down the decline of lumbar and abdominal muscle strength with age growing.

Under the policy background of zero addition of drugs and consumables in public hospitals, with clinical practice as the guide and information platform as the means, the hospital constructed an intelligent management system for hospitals′ drugs and consumables through the Internet of things. The hospital adopted the intelligent medicine cabinet extended ward management, consumables " one material, one code" two-level warehouse management mode, reengineering the material supply process.Finally, it can realize the whole process traceability of information, unify the flow of goods and data, save human resources, improve the efficiency of operation and management, and achieve the purpose of ensuring safety, reducing costs and increasing benefits.