Based on review of global and Chinese schistosomiasis control progress and the evolution of control strategies, this article focuses on Chinese practical experiences of schistosomiasis control and systematically summarizes five key determinants for schistosomiasis transmission risk, including source of infections, intermediate host snails, high-risk populations, natural environments, and social factors. To address these risks and challenges associated with these determinants, the article reviews the advances in techniques for assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk and their applications, including conventional risk assessment approaches, mathematical model-based tools for prediction of schistosomiasis transmission risk, and indicator-systembased techniques for assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk. This review underscores the essential role of interdisciplinary integration and dynamic management in precision schistosomiasis control and recommends the intensification of verification of field adaptation and dynamic updates of indicator systems to promote the widespread application of assessment tools across diverse regions and contexts, so as to provide strategic guidance and methodological support to achieve the target for elimination of schistosomiasis across China in 2030.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of simultaneous multi-slice(SMS)acquisition combined with single-shot echo-planar imaging(SSEPI)multi-model diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)for breast lesions.Methods Totally 108 cases of breast lesions were retrospectively enrolled and divided into malignant group(n=66)and benign group(n=42)based on pathology.3.0T MR scanner was used to acquire SSEPI and SMS-SSEPI multi-b values DWI,7 derived parameters were obtained through post-processing with mono-exponential,fractional-order calculus(FROC)and continuous-time random walk(CTRW)models.Then the imaging quality and derived parameters of SMS-SSEPI and SSEPI DWI were compared between groups.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationships of corresponding parameters between SMS-SSEPI DWI and SSEPI DWI.Diagnostic performance of each parameter for distinguishing malignant and benign lesions was evaluated according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).Results Background noise score of SMS-SSEPI DWI was lower than that of SSEPI DWI(P＜0.05),whereas no significant difference of overall imaging quality,normal anatomical structure depiction,lesion conspicuity,geometric distortion,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)nor contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)was found between SMS-SSEPI DWI and SSEPI DWI(all P＞0.05).Parameters derived from SMS-SSEPI DWI were all moderately to highly positively correlated with those from SSEPI DWI(rs=0.66-0.98).Malignant lesions exhibited significantly lower apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),diffusion coefficient based on FROC(DFROC),fractional order derivative in space(βFROC),diffusion coefficient based on CTRW(DCTRW),temporal diffusion heterogeneity index(αCTRW)and spatial diffusion heterogeneity index(βCTRW)values,but higher spatial parameter(μFROC)value than benign lesions(all P＜0.05).AUC of SMS-SSEPI DWI derived parameters for differentiating malignant from benign lesions were 0.699-0.900,of those from SSEPI DWI were 0.654-0.887,while in both SMS-SSEPI DWI and SSEPI DWI,DFROC had the highest diagnostic efficacy(AUC=0.900,0.887).Conclusion SMS-SSEPI DWI could be used to effectively differentiate malignant and benign breast lesions.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of simultaneous multi-slice(SMS)acquisition combined with single-shot echo-planar imaging(SSEPI)multi-model diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)for breast lesions.Methods Totally 108 cases of breast lesions were retrospectively enrolled and divided into malignant group(n=66)and benign group(n=42)based on pathology.3.0T MR scanner was used to acquire SSEPI and SMS-SSEPI multi-b values DWI,7 derived parameters were obtained through post-processing with mono-exponential,fractional-order calculus(FROC)and continuous-time random walk(CTRW)models.Then the imaging quality and derived parameters of SMS-SSEPI and SSEPI DWI were compared between groups.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationships of corresponding parameters between SMS-SSEPI DWI and SSEPI DWI.Diagnostic performance of each parameter for distinguishing malignant and benign lesions was evaluated according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).Results Background noise score of SMS-SSEPI DWI was lower than that of SSEPI DWI(P＜0.05),whereas no significant difference of overall imaging quality,normal anatomical structure depiction,lesion conspicuity,geometric distortion,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)nor contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)was found between SMS-SSEPI DWI and SSEPI DWI(all P＞0.05).Parameters derived from SMS-SSEPI DWI were all moderately to highly positively correlated with those from SSEPI DWI(rs=0.66-0.98).Malignant lesions exhibited significantly lower apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),diffusion coefficient based on FROC(DFROC),fractional order derivative in space(βFROC),diffusion coefficient based on CTRW(DCTRW),temporal diffusion heterogeneity index(αCTRW)and spatial diffusion heterogeneity index(βCTRW)values,but higher spatial parameter(μFROC)value than benign lesions(all P＜0.05).AUC of SMS-SSEPI DWI derived parameters for differentiating malignant from benign lesions were 0.699-0.900,of those from SSEPI DWI were 0.654-0.887,while in both SMS-SSEPI DWI and SSEPI DWI,DFROC had the highest diagnostic efficacy(AUC=0.900,0.887).Conclusion SMS-SSEPI DWI could be used to effectively differentiate malignant and benign breast lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a noninvasive method for prediction of 1p/19q codeletion in diffuse lower-grade glioma (DLGG) based on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics. METHODS: We collected MRI data from 104 patients with pathologically confirmed DLGG between October, 2015 and September, 2022. A total of 535 radiomics features were extracted from T₂WI, T₁WI, FLAIR, CE-T₁WI and DWI, including 70 morphological features, 90 first order features, and 375 texture features. We constructed logistic regression (LR), logistic regression least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LRlasso), support vector machine (SVM) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) radiomics models and compared their predictive performance after 10-fold cross validation. The MRI images were reviewed by two radiologists independently for predicting the 1p/19q status. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate classification performance of the radiomics models and the radiologists. RESULTS: The 4 radiomics models (LR, LRlasso, SVM and LDA) achieved similar area under the curve (AUC) in the validation dataset (0.833, 0.819, 0.824 and 0.819, respectively; P>0.1), and their predictive performance was all superior to that of resident physicians of radiology (AUC=0.645, P=0.011, 0.022, 0.016, 0.030, respectively) and similar to that of attending physicians of radiology (AUC=0.838, P>0.05). CONCLUSION Multiparametric MRI radiomics models show good performance for noninvasive prediction of 1p/19q codeletion status in patients with in diffuse lower-grade glioma.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Area Under Curve ; Glioma/genetics* ; ROC Curve

Objective To investigate expression of histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) in normal and colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and its mechanism.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HDAC5 in CRC tissues.The relationship between HDAC5 expression content and survival prognosis was analyzed.Proliferation,immigration and apoptosis changes were observed after knockdown of HDAC5.Results Positive expression of HDAC5 in tumor tissue was related with poor prognosis of CRC patients,and HDAC5 could inhibit the LS174T cell proliferation by regulating the SIX1 expression.Conclusion Our results reveal that HDAC5 expression is variant in CRC tissues,and it is correlated with prognosis of colorectal cancer,and can affect cell proliferation by regulating the SIX1 expression.

Objective To investigate expression of histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) in normal and colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and its mechanism.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HDAC5 in CRC tissues.The relationship between HDAC5 expression content and survival prognosis was analyzed.Proliferation,immigration and apoptosis changes were observed after knockdown of HDAC5.Results Positive expression of HDAC5 in tumor tissue was related with poor prognosis of CRC patients,and HDAC5 could inhibit the LS174T cell proliferation by regulating the SIX1 expression.Conclusion Our results reveal that HDAC5 expression is variant in CRC tissues,and it is correlated with prognosis of colorectal cancer,and can affect cell proliferation by regulating the SIX1 expression.

Objective-To-discuss-the-value-of-fast-track-surgery-(-FTS-)-in-perioperative-period-of-laparoscopic-cholecystectomy-.-Methods-We-selected-200-cases-of-laparoscopic-cholecystectomy-in-our-hospital-from-January-2012-to-December-2012.The-cases-were-randomly-divided-into-either-traditional-group-(control-group)-or-fast-track-surgery-group-(FTS-group),-with-100-cases-in-each-group-.The-operation-time-,-intraoperative-blood-loss-,-time-to-get-out-of-bed-after-operation-,-time-to-intake-semi-liquid-diet,-time-to-flatus,-time-to-defecation,-and-length-of-hospital-stay-were-compared-.-Results-Compared-with-the-control-group-,-the-FTS-group-had-shorter-time-to-semi-liquid-diet-[(11.3-±2.0)-h-vs.(50.2-±8.7)-h,-t=-43.976,-P=0.000],-shorter-ambulation-time-[(6.2-±1.5)-h-vs.(14.3-±1.7)-h,-t=-35.728,-P=0.000],-shorter-flatus-time-[(12.0-±4.4)-h-vs.(24.9-±5.4)-h,-t=-18.519,-P=0.000],-shorter-defecation-time-[(15.8-±5.3)-h-vs.(25.2-±4.3)-h,-t=-13.773,-P=0.000],-and-shorter-postoperative-hospital-stay-[(3.2-±1.3)-d-vs.(4.2-±2.1)-d,-t-=-4.048,-P=0.000].-Conclusion-Fast-track-surgery-is-feasible-and-safe-,being-helpful-for-patient-’-s-postoperative-recovery-.

Objective To explore the application value of hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy and pericardial devascularization in the treatment of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Methods Hand-assisted laparoscopic operations of splenectomy in 10 patients and pericardial devascularization in 13 patients were completed by using the LigaSure device and harmonic scalpel. Results All the operations were completed successfully under laparoscope. Of splenectomy, the operative time was 63?15.5 min and the estimated blood loss was 32.4?21.2 ml. Of pericardial devascularization, the operative time was 115.3?25.5 min and the estimated blood loss was 52.4?24.2 ml. All the patients got out of bed and moved around at 12.2?3.8 h after operation. Conclusions [WTBZ]Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy and pericardial devascularization using the LigaSure device and harmonic scalpel has advantages of high reliability, little blood loss, and quick postoperative recovery. The procedure can be used in the management of portal hypertension and hypersplenism.

Objective To study the feasibility of the ultrasonic scalpel in the management of cystic blood vessels during laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC). Methods Abdominal blood vessels of two dogs were managed by ultrasonic scalpel under the conditions of two step output power,low tension,low holding force and blunt scalpel head.The blood vessels were sealed and arteries and veins of (1～11)mm were cut.On this basis,the technique was applied to the management of cystic vessels during laparoscopic cystic and biliary operation. Results The sealing and cutting effect was good for the blood vessels of less than 9mm 140/150(93 3%).No blood oozing was found at the cutting ends of blood vessels during and after operation.In all 706 cases of laparoscopic gallbladder and biliary duct operations,no bleeding was found at the cutting ends of blood vessels during and after operation. Conclusions Ultrasonic scalpel can be directly used to seal and cut cystic artery during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objective To summarize the experience on the prevention of severe complications of endoscopic thyroidectomy.Methods Twelve cases of bilateral lesions underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy via precordial approach and 41 cases of unilateral lesions, via subaxillary approach. A subcutaneous channel, with a width of about 5 cm from the incision site to the thyroid, was made by using self-made instruments. The CO 2 pressure was set at 4 mm Hg. By ultrasonic scalpel the lesions were divided and removed. Results There were 41 cases of thyroid adenoma (unilateral, 34 cases; bilateral, 7 cases) and 12 cases of nodular goiter (unilateral, 7 cases; bilateral, 5 cases). Postoperative subcutaneous hematoma occurred in 1 case and was cured by conservative management. No nerve damage or parathyroid complications were observed. Conclusions Application of ultrasonic scalpel and continued low cavity pressure are effective means for preventing complications in endoscopic thyroidectomy.