Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a clinically significant pathogen widely distributed in food production environments. Its ability to form biofilms on food contact surfaces enhances 50 environmental persistence, increases antibiotic resistance 10–1500-fold, and poses serious challenges for food safety and public health. In Mongolia, data on the biofilm-forming ability of S. aureus in meat processing and retail environments are limited. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 437 samples collected from meat supply and retail sites, including raw meat, aprons, counters, trolleys, and workers’ hands. Isolation and confirmation of S. aureus were performed using MNS 6308:2012 and ISO 6888-1:2021 standards, followed by PCR amplification of the species-specific nucA gene (270 bp). Biofilm formation was evaluated using the microtiter plate assay with 0.5% glucose supplemented tryptic soy broth and optical density at 490 nm, and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square tests with p< 0.05 considered significant. Of the 437 samples, 14.2% (62/437) were contaminated with S. aureus. Contamination was higher in retail markets (25.9%) than supply sites (9.3%). Among isolates, 40.3% exhibited biofilm-forming ability: 29.0% weak, 9.7% moderate, and 1.6% strong. Biofilm formation did not significantly differ by sampling site or sample type (p>0.05). SEM imaging revealed distinct biofilm architectures with polysaccharide matrices at 80,000× magnification. A considerable proportion of S. aureus isolates from meat processing and retail environments exhibited biofilm forming ability, posing a potential risk for cross-contamination and persistent foodborne transmission. Strengthened hygiene and sanitation measures are essential to control biofilm-associated S. aureus contamination in Mongolia’s meat production and supply chain.

Introduction: PCR to detect and amplificate the virulence genes of STEC is specific and more sensitive, however, it takes five to six hours for whole test procedure and requires special lab instruments such as thermocycler. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification is a simple, rapid, specific and cost-effective nucleic acid amplification method by using four to six primers when compared to PCR, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, self-sustained sequence replication and strand displacement amplification. Materials and Methods: In our study, we analyzed comparison of PCR and LAMP results on standard strain used quality control strain solution which diluted 1pg/µL DNA, 10 pg/µL DNA, 100 pg/µL DNA, 1 ng/μL DNA, 10 ng/μL DNA, and 100 ng/μL DNA concentration from LB agar cultures. Research ethics: Permission to submit the survey was granted by the Ethics Review Committee of the MNUMS and the survey was conducted in accordance with the rules and regulations. Goal: Detection and comparison of STEC by PCR and LAMP Result: Sensitivity of Stx1 and stx2 genes in PCR results are positive in 10 pg/µL DNA solution and negative in 1pg/µL DNA. In LAMP test results showed that positive for all concentration. It shows that LAMP method sensitivity is 10 times more than PCR. Conclusion It shows that LAMP method sensitivity is 10 times more than PCR. All in allLAMP test is cost effective test with sensitive for detection STEC.

Introduction: PCR to detect and amplificate the virulence genes of STEC is specific and more sensitive, however, it takes five to six hours for whole test procedure and requires special lab instruments such as thermocycler. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification is a simple, rapid, specific and cost-effective nucleic acid amplification method by using four to six primers when compared to PCR, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, self-sustained sequence replication and strand displacement amplification. Goal: Detection and comparison of STEC by PCR and LAMP Materials and Methods: In our study, we analyzed comparison of PCR and LAMP results on standard strain used quality control strain solution which diluted 1pg/µL DNA, 10 pg/µL DNA, 100 pg/µL DNA, 1 ng/μL DNA, 10 ng/μL DNA, and 100 ng/μL DNA concentration from LB agar cultures. Research ethics: Permission to submit the survey was granted by the Ethics Review Committee of the MNUMS and the survey was conducted in accordance with the rules and regulations. Result: Sensitivity of Stx1 and stx2 genes in PCR results are positive in 10 pg/µL DNA solution and negative in 1pg/µL DNA. In LAMP test results showed that positive for all concentration. It shows that LAMP method sensitivity is 10 times more than PCR. Conclusion It shows that LAMP method sensitivity is 10 times more than PCR. All in allLAMP test is cost effective test with sensitive for detection STEC.

BACKGROUNDProstate cancer is the most frequent malignancy among men nowadays.METHODSImmunohistochemical expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was retrospectively investigated in 10 patients admitted with clinical suspicion of the prostate cancer. Slides were collected from archived biopsiesandthey were stained for PSA.The final reaction product was evaluated as negative (0), weak/moderate positive (1), and intense positive (2).RESULTSGlandular prostate carcinoma was found in 40% (n=4) and undifferentiated carcinoma in 60% (n=6). The immunoreaction for PSA was intense positive in 30% (n=3), weak/moderate positive in 50% (n=5) and negative in 20% (n=2) of total cases.CONCLUSIONSWe concludethat PSA immunoreaction is helpful for the differential diagnosis based on our results.