Background: Spine diseases, back pain, curvature, and intervertebral disorders are increasing among the population of Mongolia. According to a study of diseases covering 195 countries of the world in 1990-2016, spine disease ranked third among non-communicable diseases. However, at present, very little research has been done on the prevalence of spinal diseases among the population of Mongolia. Research goal: Detecting the location of spinal pain in patients with back pain, curvature and other pains who visited “Altanmed” hospital. Research methods: The study was conducted in a hospital setting using a snapshot survey method. From January 1, 2021, to January 1, 2022, a total of 2,210 patients were examined and treated at “Altanmed” hospital, of which 560 therapists were randomly selected from patients over 18 years old and participated in the study. Subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire and rate their pain on a 0-10 scale. Conclusion
1. 69.8% (n=391) of 560 patients who came to “Altanmed” hospital with back pain were lumbar and lower back pain.
2. 74.4% (n=291) or the majority has lumbar and lower back pain among patients aged 31-50. Of the 391 clients with lower back pain, 11.5% or 45 had mild (pain score 1-3), 52.9% (n=207) moderate (pain score 4-6), and 35.5% (n=139) severe pain (pain score 7-10), and the groups differ with statistical probability (p<0.01).
3. Regarding the duration of pain, 8.4% (n=33) had acute pain up to the last 3 months, and the remaining 91.6% had chronic back pain. The average pain scale was 5.76 (SD±1.8).

Background: Traditional Mongolian medicine (TMM), which is the main knowledge of medicine of ancient nomads, has produced hundreds of healers, practitioners, doctors, and scientists in the course of 5,000 years of historical development. The methods developed to diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases are used to protect the health of the population even today. Based on the study of medical records and artifacts, it is possible to determine which diseases were prevalent and use archeological finds and records related to the diseases to determine what treatment methods were used. Research goal: To clarify reports, facts, and evidence on spinal disorders and their treatment methods from ancient books written in Tibetan, Manchu, and Mongolian languages on Traditional Mongolian medicine. Methods: The source study method, hermeneutic method, and a method of comparison were used in studying traditional medical books, research literature, and other related materials. Conclusion Research has shown that the structure, function, pathological changes, diagnosis, and treatment methods of the spine have been recorded in many ancient records written in Tibetan, Manchu, and Mongolian languages on Traditional Mongolian medicine. At the same time, since ancient times, Mongolians have been adapting to the transformation of natural phenomena, and drastic changes in climate and developed methods of treating injuries and diseases caused by the characteristics of life, habits, and war, as well as established an independent system of methods for studying and treating the structure of the human body and living a healthy life by accumulating experience passed down from generation to generation. This system was not only based on the knowledge of Mongolian dhom treatment, and Indian and Tibetan medicine, but it was also a complex of knowledge that incorporated the ancient scriptures of Western medicine.

Background: Throughout history, Mongolians experienced struggles of ups and downs, creating a comprehensive teaching, knowledge, and system on the art and science of living and healthy living and passing it on to the next generation. Since the middle of the last century, the use and study of traditional knowledge have decreased, and with it, the use has decreased, and some knowledge has almost been forgotten. In particular, many branches of traditional medicine, including manual techniques, surgical methods, techniques related to surgery, the use of tools, and the skills of pressing, bone setting, and massage have declined in value, and some methods have almost been forgotten. Therefore, we have chosen the topic due to the need of exploring the possibility of solving this issue and enriching the history of traditional medicine by elucidating the ancient historical development of Mongolian bone-setting therapy, of which reports and historical documents in Mongolian medicine are rare. Research goal: To clarify the ancient history of Mongolian bone-setting therapy, establishing its features, usage, and types of methods based on historical evidence.
The following methods were used in the research
Herein: the method of researching original documents and reports, the method of comparison, and the method of probabilistic listing. Conclusion
1. Evidence related to ancient Mongolian bone-setting therapy dates back to the Iron Age and can be traced back to 2000 years ago from the traces of illness and injuries, bone ossification, and signs of healing of the ancient nomads living in Chandman mountain of present day Uvs province, the tribe known as Chandman people.
2. The research shows that it is possible to determine which diseases were prevalent based on the study of related artifacts and scriptures related to Traditional Mongolian medicine, and which methods of treatment were used using archaeological finds and scriptures related to the diseases.