The purpose of this study was to examine the upper and lower limb of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and maximum anaerobic power (MAP) in female throwers. First, compared SMM and MAP between the four throwing events. Second, examined the relationship between MAP with SMM, and the relationship between MAP with throwing performance. Twenty-six female collegiate throwers participated in this study. SMM was measured using the body impedance analysis method. MAP was estimated from several loads and cranking or pedaling speeds (force-velocity relationship) using a bicycle ergometer. The results were as follows. The mean and standard deviation of body height, body weight, lean body mass, SMM of upper and lower limbs (both sides) were 162.3±3.7cm, 70.1±9.4kg, 50.7±4.4kg, 5.3±0.6kg, and 15.0±1.4kg, respectively. Shot put group was showed significantly higher values than those of other groups. MAP (and MAP/body weight) of the upper and lower limbs were 451±81W (6.4±0.8W/kg) and 830±130W (11.8±1.7W/kg), respectively. No significant differences were observed among the four groups. SMM was related to each of MAP of the upper limbs (r=0.689: p=0.0001) and lower limbs (r=0.592: p=0.0015). World Athletics Scores for each throwing best performance were associated with MAP of the upper limbs (r=0.465: p=0.017), lower limbs (r=0.606: p=0.001), and total power (r=0.586: p=0.002). These results suggest that the evaluation of SMM and MAP of the upper and lower limbs are useful for the control test of throwers.

Complete revascularization of the coronary artery was performed in a 73-year-old man who had severe stenosis of the bilateral subclavian and left vertebral arteries and severe calcification of the ascending aorta. At first, we performed CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting) on the LAD (left anterior descending artery) and the RCA (right coronary artery) without cardiopulmonary bypass. In-situ GEA (gastroepiploic artery) was anastomosed to the LAD and SVG (saphenous vein graft) was anastomosed to 4 PD (4 posterior descending artery) of the RCA. The right brachiocephalic artery was selected as the site of the proximal anastomosis of the SVG. A Palmaz-Schatz stent was then held in place in the LCX (left circumflex artery) postoperatively. The combination of CABG without cardiopulmonary bypass and PTCA was a safe method for preventing cerebrovascular complications in a patient with a severely calcified artery.

With increasingly elderly patients and also increasing numbers of patients with ischemic heart disease, the number of cases requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) combined with aortic valve surgery has recently been steadily increasing. In addition, the management of asymptomatic aortic valve diseases at the time of CABG still remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early and late prognoses of patients undergoing a simultaneous aortic valve replacement (AVR) and CABG. Between January 1988 and December 1997, 17 patients underwent AVR and CABG. According to the pressure gradient, the patients were divided into four groups: five with aortic regurgitation (AR), two with mild aortic stenosis (AS), six with moderate AS and four with severe AS. The mean number of distal coronary anastomoses was 1.8 and a mechanical prosthesis was used in all cases. Hospital death occurred in one case with severe AS. The postoperative complications consisted of one mild AS case with transient complete atrio-ventricular block, two cases with a new cerebral infarction, one case with loss of consciousness, one moderate AS case with perioperative myocardial infarction, and one each of severe AS with, respectively, multiple organ failure, congestive heart failure (CHF) and acute renal failure. In addition, three valve-related complications were also observed. Late death occurred in two cases: one due to a cerebrovascular accident and one due to CHF. Both the early and late outcomes of the patients undergoing the above described simultaneous operation were satisfactory, suggesting that this combined operation is therefore considered to be an effective surgical modality for the treatment of ischemic heart disease patients.