The rapid development of digital technologies has profoundly changed people's daily life.Digital well-being,an emerging concept,reflects the impact of digital technologies on individual health.This review system-atically examines the concept,theoretical models,and measurement tools of digital well-being.Future research should focus on improving measurement methods,uncovering underlying mechanisms,conducting cross-cultural studies,and developing effective interventions.

The rapid development of digital technologies has profoundly changed people's daily life.Digital well-being,an emerging concept,reflects the impact of digital technologies on individual health.This review system-atically examines the concept,theoretical models,and measurement tools of digital well-being.Future research should focus on improving measurement methods,uncovering underlying mechanisms,conducting cross-cultural studies,and developing effective interventions.

Objective:To revise the Chinese version of the Coparenting Inventory for Parents and Adolescents(CI-PA)in middle school students and their parents to test the validity and reliability.Methods:Totally 691 middle school students were tested with the adolescent version of CI-PA,924 parents were tested with the parents'version of CI-PA.The sample was split randomly in half,and item analysis and exploratory factor analysis,confirmatory factor analysis,criterion validity analysis and convergent validity test were performed respectively.The Achenbach Youth Self-Report(YSR)and marital satisfaction subscale(MSS)of Olson Enrich Marital Inventory(ENRICH)were used to test the validity of the criterion.Totally 62 students and 70 parents were followed to complete the Chi-nese version of CI-PA 4 weeks after the first investigation.Results:Exploratory factor analysis showed that there were 37 and 25 items in the adolescent version and the parents'version respectively,3 factors were extracted,inclu-ding 3 dimensions of cooperation,triangulation and conflict.The factor loadings of each item ranged from 0.60 to 0.95,and the subscales explained the total variance ranged from 64.56％to 74.06％.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that all the 3 factors models fitted well in adolescent version(x2/df=1.32,1.30,1.41;CFI=0.99,0.99,0.99;TLI=0.99,0.99,0.98;RMSEA=0.03,0.03,0.03)and the parents'version(x2/df=1.20,1.33;CFI=0.99,0.99;TLI=0.99,0.99;RMSEA=0.02,0.03).Cooperation scores of the adolescent version were negatively correlated with the YSR scores(ICC=-0.18--0.27,Ps＜0.01),triangulation and conflict scores of the adoles-cent version were positively correlated with the YSR scores(ICC=0.15-0.34,Ps＜0.01).Cooperation scores of the parents'version were positively correlated with the MSS scores(ICC=0.52,0.47,Ps＜0.01),triangulation and conflict scores of the parents'version were negatively correlated with the MSS scores(ICC=-0.28--0.47,Ps＜0.01).The Cronbach's α of 3 dimensions were all above 0.72,the retest reliabilities(ICC)were all a-bove 0.54.Conclusion:The Chinese version of Coparenting Inventory for Parents and Adolescents(CI-PA)is valid and reliable in measuring the coparenting in Chinese adolescence families.

Objective: To understand cognitive flexibility among college students with childhood neglected experience, and to provide a thoretical basis and data reference for the study of cognitive characteristics of neglected people and its intervention. Methods: A total of 719 college students were surveyed using the Childhood Neglect Scale, and were screened through Childhood Neglect Scale. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Verbal Fluency Test(VFT)were adminstered among those with childhood neglect to understand the responding flexibility and spontaneous flexibility. Results: The proportion of subjects with neglect experience was 43.74%. Boys,non-only children,students in rural areas neglect experience were higher(P<0.05). The neglect experience of childhood affects the individual’s response flexibility(t=2.22, P<0.05), as well as spontaneous flexibility(t=-2.17, P<0.05). Conclusion Childhood neglect experience has a negative impact on cognitive flexibility.

Self-abnormality in patients with depression has been confirmed in a lot of research results.Negative self-referential processing of depression is associated with higher follow-up depressive symptoms and predicts the recurrence of major depressive episodes.Both self-processing and self-recognition are impaired in depression.The overgeneral autobiographical memory is also a risk factor for onset and maintenance of depression.This review examined self-abnormalities of depression from self-face recognition,self-referential processing and autobiographical memory and summarized the problems of current researches and the future research trends,and may provide insight to explore the self-abnormalities of depression patients comprehensively.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of belief in a just world and self-esteem on relationship between childhood abuse and subjective well-being in college students.Methods:Totally 929 college students[314 males and 615 females,aged 17 to 25 year,mean age (20 ± 3) year] from 4 universities of Harbin were assessed.The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) was used to assess childhood abuse,the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Affect Balance Scale (ABS) was used to assess subjective well-being,the Believe in a Just World Scale (BJW) was used to assess belief in a just word,and the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) was used to assess self-esteem.The Bootstrap was used to test the mediating effect of belief in a just world and self-esteem on relationship between childhood abuse and subjective well-being.Results:General belief in a just world,personal belief in a just world,self-esteem played an independent mediating effect respectively between childhood abuse and life satisfaction.The confidence interval from Bootstrap output were 95％ (-0.026--0.001),95％ (-0.141--0.058) and 95％ (-0.235--0.122).Personal belief in a just world and general belief in a just world played chain mediating effect between childhood abuse and life satisfaction (-0.059--0.004).Self-esteem played an independent mediating effect between childhood abuse and emotional balance (-0.308--0.181).Personal belief in a just world and general belief in a just world played chain mediating effect between childhood abuse and emotional balance (-0.046--0.001).Conclusion:Childhood abuse and subjective well-being of individuals,belief in a just world and self-esteem are related.Belief in a just world and self-esteem play mediating effect between childhood abuse and subjective well-being.

Cognitive flexibility is a kind of ability to convert mental representation,including reactive flexibility and spontaneous flexibility,and as the vital components of executive function.The experience of the childhood maltreatment may damage both reactive flexibility and spontaneous flexibility and result in cognitive flexibility dysfunction.Prefrontal cortex is the main brain regions of cognitive flexibility,childhood maltreatment experience through injuring the growth of frontal lobe leading to the cognitive flexibility dysfunction.Future research could combine the method of behavioral test and brain damage measurement,to carry on minute research on the two components of cognitive flexibility and brain mechanisms at the same time.

In this paper,we analyzed the role of the surviving caregiver on bereaved children's mental development.In bereaved family,living with mother,appropriate expression of grief,good psychological health level and positive parent-child interaction could promote the healthy development of bereaved children.Otherwise,bereaved children would suffer the secondary damage which stemmed from surviving caregiver's inappropriate reaction.Therefore,further research could explore the effect of bereavement type and the personality of surviving caregiver on the relation between surviving caregiver and bereaved children's mental development.

This article reviews the moral judgment ability of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD),as well as the relationship with theory of mind (TOM).The study found that patients with ASD could undertake basic moral judgment,but could not provide the corresponding judgment reason,and were easy to make utilitarianism judgment.In addition,individual's moral judgment ability was positively correlated with TOM,while there were defects in TOM among the patients with ASD,which could lead to the skew results of moral judgment.

This paper introduces the concept,the research paradigms and the related theory of the attentional blink,and reviews the relevant researches about the attentional blink of the children and adults with ADHD in the last 10 years.Compared to normal subjects,children and adults with ADHD did show more severe AB effect,and adults with ADHD showed more eye movement behavior.In future studies,standardized RSVP paradigm should be set up to provide convenience for the comparison of results of studies,and find out what kind of processing restrictions will affect the characteristics of different age ADHD groups in the time dimension of attention.In addition,ADHD and inhibitory control related closely,consideration should be given to the combination of inhibitory control paradigm and AB paradigm.