Objective To understand the situation of dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) quality control testing phantoms in radiation health technical service institutions in Guangdong province, analyze the differences among different phantoms, and provide a reference for dental CBCT quality control testing. Methods The testing phantoms of 49 radiation health technical service institutions were used as the research objects. The designated CBCT equipment was used for scanning and imaging. The Z-score method was used to evaluate the high-contrast resolution, low-contrast resolution, and distance measurement deviation of each phantom. Results The satisfaction rates of various items for the phantoms in 49 institutions ranged from 85.7% to 100%. The distance measurement deviations of four institutions were “suspicious”, and the high-contrast resolution of four institutions and the distance measurement deviation of one institution were “unsatisfactory”. Conclusion The overall performance of dental CBCT quality control testing phantoms in radiological health technical service institutions in Guangdong province is satisfactory. However, there are still some phantoms with poor results in items such as distance measurement deviation and high-contrast resolution. The structural design, material selection, and manufacturing process of the phantom may all affect the results of quality control testing. Therefore, appropriate phantoms, optimized exposure conditions, and suitable reconstruction algorithms should be used in CBCT quality control testing to ensure accurate and reliable measurements.

Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is an irreversible sensorineural hearing loss that severely endangers workers’ health, making early screening crucial. This article reviewed the research progress on early screening methods for occupational NIHL, introduced the testing mechanisms of three core screening methods—tympanometry, otoacoustic emissions, and extended high-frequency audiometry —and summarized their clinical application advantages and limitations. It is proposed that multimodal combined detection (e.g., the combination of tympanometry, otoacoustic emissions, and extended high-frequency audiometry) can significantly improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of early screening. Meanwhile, future studies with prospective cohort design are encouraged to verify the long-term monitoring value of each method and to strengthen the joint development of screening technologies with cutting-edge approaches such as machine learning, in order to further improve screening efficiency and provide stronger protection for workers’ hearing health.

With the maturation of proteomics technologies in recent years, proteomics has made significant achievements in early detection of major diseases, disease classification, drug target discovery, and other fields. To explore the important role of proteomics, especially proteomics-based cutting-edge lifeomics technologies, in promoting the development of precision laboratory medicine and to discuss the opportunities and challenges faced during the clinical translation of innovative outcomes, the National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing invited renowned experts and scholars in laboratory medicine, lifeomics, and precision medicine. The discussions revolved around the collaborative development of laboratory medicine and lifeomics, the future trends of new technologies in clinical laboratory testing, the innovation and development of lifeomics in laboratory medicine, the translational application of proteomics technologies in laboratory medicine, and the opportunities and challenges in the industrialization of proteomics achievements. All participants agreed that proteomics provides new directions and opportunities for precision diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, close collaboration between academia, hospitals and industry is required. Additionally, challenges such as clinical applicability of equipment, standardization of detection methods and data, cost and quality control, talent cultivation, and the industrialization pathway need to be addressed.

Objective:To explore the effects of G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) antagonist CID16020046 on renal fibrosis in mice, and provide a new method and idea for the treatment of renal fibrosis.Methods:(1) GPR55 overexpression and GPR55 antagonist CID16020046 were used in renal fibroblasts (NRK-49F) of rats, respectively. Meanwhile,transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was applied in the NRK-49F cells to observe the expression of fibrosis-related factors and inflammatory factors. (2) A mouse model of renal fibrosis with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was established in vivo. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (20-25 g) were randomly divided into three groups according to the random number table method: sham group ( n=6), model group (UUO group, n=7), model + CID16020046 drug (UUO+CID group, n=8). The drug CID16020046 (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 1 day before modeling, on the day of modeling and every day after surgery in UUO+CID group, and the corresponding dose of 0.9% normal saline was injected intraperitoneally in sham and UUO groups.The mice were sacrificed for sampling 7 days after UUO surgery, and their renal function indicators, liver transaminase, and cardiac markers were examined. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of renal fibrosis-related factors and inflammatory factors. Immunohistochemistry staining, Sirius red staining and Masson trichrome staining were used to detect the pathological changes of renal tissues. Results:(1) After NRK-49F cells were stimulated by TGF-β1, the mRNA and protein expression levels of GPR55 were significantly increased (both P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors fibronectin and collagen Ⅰ, and inflammatory factors interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α between TGF-β1 group and TGF-β1 + GPR55 overexpression group (all P>0.05). Compared with the TGF-β1 group, the protein expression levels of fibrosis-related factors alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and vimentin, and the mRNA expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA were lower in the TGF-β1 + CID group (all P<0.05). (2) Compared with sham group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of GPR55 in UUO group were higher (both P<0.05). The serum creatinine in the UUO+CID group was lower compared to the UUO group ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme between UUO group and UUO+CID group (all P>0.05). Compared with the UUO group, the protein expression levels of renal fibrosis-related factors fibronectin, collagen Ⅰ and vimentin, and the mRNA expression levels of fibronectin, collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅲ and α-SMA were lower in the UUO+CID group (all P<0.05). The degree of renal tubular dilation and interstitial collagen fiber deposition in the UUO+CID group was significantly reduced compared to the UUO group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:CID16020046 can reduce serum creatinine in UUO mice, protect renal function, and simultaneously decrease the expression of fibrosis-related factors in renal fibroblasts and mouse kidney tissues, thereby alleviating renal fibrosis.

Objective:To analyze the rash characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process of measles infection in patients with diabetes mellitus and psoriasis, to reduce the clinical diagnosis and treatment delay of such patients.Methods:The clinical data of a patient with diabetes combined with psoriasis and measles infection who was diagnosed and treated in The First Hospital of Yulin in April 2015 were analyzed.Results:The patient was admitted to hospital due to polydipsia and polyuria for 3 years and fever for 3 days. Hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory treatment after admission was not good. On the third day after hospitalization, rash on the trunk and the extremities was seen. The patient had a history of measles infection. Based on clinical practice, Measles morbillivirus infection was not excluded, and Measles morbillivirus infection was confirmed by pathogen inspection. Measles reinfection was considered to be caused by variation of Measles morbillivirus. The atypical rash formed because of the patient's need for long-term treatment with Acitretin capsule and capotriol for psoriasis. After adjusting the antibiotic treatment, hypoglycemia and antiviral therapy were given, the body temperature was normal and the rash gradually subsided.Conclusion:For patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and psoriasis, if they have a fever, they should be considered comprehensively to guard against re-infection caused by measles virus mutation. Timely etiological diagnosis is performed to avoid missed diagnosis and delayed treatment.

【Objective】 To analyze the risk factors for intraoperative massive red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD), in order to develop a risk-prediction model and validate its predictive effect. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 233 patients with TAAD admitted to our hospital from July 2018 to June 2021 (modeling set) were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into routine transfusion group (n=128, RBC≤8 U) and massive transfusion group (n=105, RBC>8 U). Risk factors for intraoperative massive RBC transfusion in TAAD patients were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression and a risk prediction model was developed. Calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess the accuracy and discrimination of the model. In addition, 61 TAAD patients admitted to our hospital from July 2021 to May 2022 (validation set) were used for external validation. 【Results】 The rate of intraoperative massive RBC transfusion in 233 TAAD patients was 45.06% (95% CI: 38.59%-51.69%). Logistic analysis showed that women, age >50 years, preoperative Hb≤131.50 g/L, intraoperative bleeding >720 mL, and CPB time >155 min were independent risk factors for massive intraoperative RBC transfusion (P<0.05). The intraoperative risk prediction model formula for massive RBC infusion was: -4.427+ 0.925×gender+ 1.461×age+ 2.081×preoperative Hb+ 1.573×bleeding volume+ 2.823×CPB time. The area under the ROC curve of the modeling set and validation set were 0.904 (95% CI: 0.865-0.943) vs 0.868 (95%CI: 0.779-0.958), and the slopes of the calibration curves all converged to 1, indicating that the model predicted the risk of intraoperative massive RBC infusion in TAAD patients in good consistency with the actual risk of massive infusion. The decision curve shows that the model exhibits a positive net benefit with a threshold probability of 0.15-0.67 and has a high clinical application value. 【Conclusion】 The prediction model constructed based on the risk factors of intraoperative massive RBC infusion in TAAD patients can effectively predict the risk of intraoperative massive RBC infusion with high clinical predictive efficacy.

Cancer vaccines represent a promising immunotherapeutic treatment modality. The promotion of cross-presentation of extracellular tumor-associated antigens on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and dendritic cell maturation at the appropriate time and place is crucial for cancer vaccines to prime cytolytic T cell response with reduced side effects. Current vaccination strategies, however, are not able to achieve the spatiotemporal control of antigen cross-presentation. Here, we report a liposomal vaccine loading the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) fluorophore BPBBT with an efficient photothermal conversion effect that offers an NIR-light-triggered endolysosomal escape under the imaging guidance. The NIR-II image-guided vaccination strategy specifically controls the cytosolic delivery of antigens for cross-presentation in the draining lymph nodes (DLNs). Moreover, the photothermally induced endolysosomal rupture initiates autophagy. We also find that the adjuvant simvastatin acts as an autophagy activator through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The light-induced autophagy in the DLNs together with simvastatin treatment cooperatively increase MHC class II expression by activating autophagy machinery for dendritic cell maturation. This study presents a paradigm of NIR-II image-guided light-triggered vaccination. The approach for remote control of antigen cross-presentation and autophagy represents a new strategy for vaccine development.

Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of exercise on cancer related cognitive impairment of breast cancer patients,and to provide evidence-based evidence for the choices of rehabilitation programs for cognitive impairment.Methods The PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Joanna Briggs Institute Library(JBI),CINAHL,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and CBM were searched by computer for randomized controlled trials on the impact of exercise on cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer.The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to October 2022.The quality of the included studies was evaluated according to Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0.RevMan5.4 was used for meta-analysis.Results A total of 18 publications including 1310 patients were included.The results showed that exercise could improve self-reported cancer-related cognitive impairment[SMD=0.33,95%CI(0.21,0.46),P<0.001],executive function[SMD=-0.27,95%CI(-0.42,-0.11),P<0.001]and attention[SMD=-0.37,95%CI(-0.60,-0.14),P<0.01],alleviate cancer-related fatigue[SMD=-0.56,95%CI(-0.79,-0.34),P<0.001],and reduce depression[SMD=-0.73,95%CI(-1.17,-0.30),P<0.001],but it has no significant effect on the memory of patients with breast cancer[SMD=0.05,95%CI(-0.16,0.27),P=0.64].Conclusion Exercise can improve the self-reported cancer-related cognitive impairment,executive function and attention of breast cancer patients,alleviate cancer-related fatigue,reduce depression,but it has no significant effect on improving memory,which still needs further verification.

Objective:To understand the status quo of basic research projects on respiratory diseases in China.Methods:Descriptive statistical methods were used to review the project number, funding input, funding categories and distribution of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) respiratory disease funding projects from 2009 to 2019.Results:according to the research, the number of NSFC respiratory projects and funding increased significantly, which promoted the development of respiratory science. However, due to the heavy burden of respiratory diseases, it is still necessary to increase the investment in respiratory diseases.Conclusions:taking into account of the importance of respiratory science, this paper suggests that NSFC should increase investment and support for respiratory diseases projects, strengthen the development of existing respiratory advantages, encourage cross-cutting and frontier research on respiration, cultivate a group of internationally influential scientists and research teams, and promote academic innovation in respiratory science.

Background Natural product sanguinarine chloride (SC) can significantly alleviate liver fibrosis and acute liver injury in mice, but whether it has a protective effect on mouse liver injury caused by sodium arsenite (SA) has not been studied. Objective To verify if SC may present preventive and therapeutic effects on SA-induced liver injury in mice. Methods A total of 140 SPF male Kunming mice were randomly divided into two sub-studies, which included a prevention sub-study and a treatment sub-study. In each sub-study, a blank group (normal saline), a model group (5 mg·kg⁻¹ SA), and a positive control group (11.375 mg·kg⁻¹ bicyclol and 182 mg·kg⁻¹ glutathione), as well as SC low, medium, and high dose groups (25, 50, and 100 mg·kg⁻¹) were arranged with 10 mice in each group. In the prevention sub-study, the blank group was given normal saline, the model group was given SA, and the other groups (the SC low, medium, and high dose groups and the positive control group) were given the corresponding treatment 30 min before gavage of SA, once a day, for 28 d. In the treatment sub-study, except for the blank group which was given normal saline, the other groups were given SA for 28 d, then the model group was given normal saline, and the other groups were given the corresponding treatment every day for 28 d. After the experiment, the mice were sacrificed to evaluate selected physiological and biochemical indicators in serum and liver tissue and to observe histopathological changes after HE staining. Results In either sub-study of preventive effect or treatment effect: compared with the blank group, body weight, liver weight, liver coefficient, as well as serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) among all SC groups were not significantly different (P>0.05); but compared with the model group, the SC groups showed increased body weight (P<0.01), decreased liver weight and liver coefficient (P<0.01), reduced ALT, AST, TBIL, and MDA (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and increased GSH and SOD with (P<0.05 or P<0.01) or without significance; compared with the positive control group, no differences were found in the above indicators (P＞0.05). The result of histopathological evaluation showed that the SC groups had a clear liver lobule structure, neatly arranged hepatic cords, and less infiltration of inflammatory cells. Conclusion SC has both preventive and therapeutic effects on SA-induced liver injury in mice.