Objective: To develop a facial image generation method based on a facial color-preserving generative adversarial network (FCP-GAN) that effectively decouples identity features from diagnostic facial complexion characteristics in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inspection, thereby addressing the critical challenge of privacy preservation in medical image analysis. Methods: A facial image dataset was constructed from participants at Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine between April 23 and June 10, 2023, using a TCM full-body inspection data acquisition equipment under controlled illumination. The proposed FCP-GAN model was designed to achieve the dual objectives of removing identity features and preserving colors through three key components: (i) a multi-space combination module that comprehensively extracts color attributes from red, green, blue (RGB), hue, saturation, value (HSV), and Lab spaces; (ii) a generator incorporating efficient channel attention (ECA) mechanism to enhance the representation of diagnostically critical color channels; and (iii) a dual-loss function that combines adversarial loss for de-identification with a dedicated color preservation loss. The model was trained and evaluated using a stratified 5-fold cross-validation strategy and evaluated against four baseline generative models: conditional GAN (CGAN), deep convolutional GAN (DCGAN), dual discriminator CGAN (DDCGAN), and medical GAN (MedGAN). Performance was assessed in terms of image quality [peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM)], distribution similarity [Fréchet inception distance (FID)], privacy protection (face recognition accuracy), and diagnostic consistency [mean squared error (MSE) and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC)]. Results: The final analysis included facial images from 216 participants. Compared with baseline models, FCP-GAN achieved superior performance, with PSNR = 31.02 dB and SSIM = 0.908, representing an improvement of 1.21 dB and 0.034 in SSIM over the strongest baseline (MedGAN). The FID value (23.45) was also the lowest among all models, indicating superior distributional similarity to real images. The multi-space feature fusion and the ECA mechanism contributed significantly to these performance gains, as evidenced by ablation studies. The stratified 5-fold cross-validation confirmed the model’s robustness, with results reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD) across all folds. The model effectively protected privacy by reducing face recognition accuracy from 95.2% (original images) to 60.1% (generated images). Critically, it maintained high diagnostic fidelity, as evidenced by a low MSE (< 0.051) and a high PCC (> 0.98) for key TCM facial features between original and generated images. Conclusion The FCP-GAN model provides an effective technical solution for ensuring privacy in TCM diagnostic imaging, successfully having removed identity features while preserving clinically vital facial color features. This study offers significant value for developing intelligent and secure TCM telemedicine systems.

Objective:To study the the mechanism of action of Huanglong Mixture in the treatment of cough variant asthma (CVA) in children based on the IL-4/signal transduction and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling pathway using network pharmacology methods, molecular docking techniques, and in vitro cell experiments.Methods:The components and targets of various TCM components in Huanglong Mixture were searched in TCMSP database, HERB database and literature, and the disease targets of CVA were found in Gene Cards database, OMIM database, DrugBank database and PharmGkb database. The STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction network, and Cytoscape 3.9.1 was used for topology analysis to screen out the core targets. The disease-drug-component-target network was constructed to screen out the core components. The KEGG enrichment analysis and GO enrichment analysis of the intersection targets were performed using Metascape software. PDB protein database, PubChem, Autodock and R language were used for molecular docking verification of core targets and core drug components. Finally, rat primary airway smooth muscle cells were cultured, modeled with interleukin-4 (IL-4), and p-STAT6 expression in the cytoplasm and nucleus was detected by Western blot.Results:A total of 122 effective components were obtained, including quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin and so on. The core targets included JUN, ESR1, TP53, MYC, HIF1, etc. GO enrichment analysis involved biological processes such as response to external stimuli, response to oxygen levels, positive regulation of protein phosphorylation, and regulation of cellular stress response. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways of Huanglong Mixture in treating CVA included advanced glycation end product-glycation end product receptor (AGE-RAGE) signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Janus kinase/signal transduction activation factor (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway. Molecular docking found that the core targets and core drug components had good combination. Cell experiments also confirmed that Huanglong Mixture could inhibit p-STAT6 entering the nucleus.Conclusions:The effective components and targets of Huanglong Mixture in the treatment of CVA are successfully predicted. The mechanism of Huanglong Mixture in the treatment of children with CVA may be related to the inhibition of IL-4/STAT6 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of muscone on malignant progression of ovarian cancer cells mediated by regulating sonic hedgehog(SHH)mediated autophagy.Methods Survival rates of human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 treated with 0,2,4,8,16,and 24 μmol/L muscone were detected,and the optimal cell action concentration of muscone was selected.SKOV3 cells were cultured in vitro,and their transplanted tumor mouse models were constructed.Cells were randomly grouped into the control group,the muskone group,the muskone+chloroquine(CQ,an autophagy inhibitor)group,the muskone+empty group and the muskone+SHH overexpression group.After grouping and treatment with musconeand,CQ,empty plasmid and SHH overexpression plasmid,the tumor volume and weight in transplanted tumor mice were detected.EdU staining,TUNEL staining,cell scratch,Transwell invasion assay,immunoblotting and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR were used to detect proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells,the expression of autophagy related proteins(LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ,Beclin-1)and SHH in SKOV3 cells and transplanted tumor mice in each.Results Compared with the control group,the cell proliferation rate,cell migration rate,number of invasions,tumor volume and weight,and the expression of SHH mRNA and protein in tumor tissue were decreased in the muskone group(P<0.05),and the apoptosis rate,LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ,Beclin-1 protein in cells and tumor tissue were increased(P<0.05).Compared with the muscone group,the cell proliferation rate,cell migration rate,number of invasion,tumor volume and weight were increased in the muscone+CQ group and the muskone+SHH overexpression group(P<0.05),and the apoptosis rate,LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and the expression of Beclin-1 protein in cells and tumor tissue were decreased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the above indicators in the muscone+empty group(P>0.05).Conclusion Muscone can promote autophagy of ovarian cancer cells by down-regulating SHH,thereby inhibiting their proliferation,in vivo growth,migration and invasion,promoting their apoptosis,and ultimately inhibiting their malignant progression.

Objective To analyze the current status and trends of TCM regulation of microRNA(miRNA)using visualization methods.Methods The literature related to the TCM regulation of miRNA was retrieved from CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Data from the establishment of the databases to May 31,2022.Excel 2019,VOSviewer 1.6.18,and CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software were applied to visualize and analyze the year of publication,journal source,author and keywords of the included literature.Results A total of 787 articles were included,and the number of publications continued to rise.Source journals with more publications includes Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulas,China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy,Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine,etc.Research teams were formed with Wang Jie,Liu Xide,Diao Limei,etc.as the representatives,and the cooperation among the teams was not very close.Analysis on the keywords in the literature showed that the studies mainly focused on apoptosis,miRNA-21,electroacupuncture,atherosclerosis,proliferation and other related fields;TCM intervention that accounted for the most research were extracts of Chinese materia medica,with 42%of the studies;there were 24 miRNAs studied≥3 times,and the most studied miRNA was miRNA-21.Conclusion The research hotspots of TCM regulation of miRNA are mainly the molecular mechanism of various TCM therapeutic tools to improve cell autophagy,apoptosis,inflammatory response and other pathways through regulation of miRNAs.The trend of research is to study the mechanism of empirical prescriptions of famous TCM practitioners based on precise therapeutic strategies.

Ankylosing spondylitis(AS)is a typical spinal arthritis characterised by inflammatory back pain,which seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients.The clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis is clear,but the mechanism is not clear,and the existing animal models cannot be well applied to the evaluation of Chinese medicine in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis.Therefore,this paper summarizes the existing animal models based on Chinese and Western medicine clinical diagnosis,disease characteristics,etiology and Chinese medicine evidence,and finds that among the existing animal models,the proteoglycan-induced arthritis mouse model has a higher Chinese and Western medicine clinical fit than the other models,but lacks the corresponding Chinese medicine evidence model evaluation.The other animal models had a higher Western clinical match,but lacked the characteristics of the Traditional Chinee Medicine(TCM)syndrome.As ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with complex pathogenic factors,the existing animal models cannot better simulate the clinical symptoms.Therefore,the establishment of animal models of ankylosing spondylitis with the characteristics of Chinese and Western clinical evidence is a future research priority for AS TCM.

Objective:To investigate the surgical treatment effect and prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods:This is an ambispective cohort study. From August 2005 to December 2022,data of 510 patients who diagnosed with hilar cholangiocarcinoma and underwent surgical resection at the Hepatobiliary Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively collected. In the cohort,there were 324 males and 186 females,with an age of ( M (IQR)) 63(13)years (range:25 to 85 years). The liver function at admission was Child-Pugh A (343 cases,67.3%) and Child-Pugh B (167 cases,32.7%). Three hundred and seventy-two(72.9%) patients had jaundice symptoms and the median total bilirubin was 126.3(197.6) μmol/L(range: 5.4 to 722.8 μmol/L) at admission. Two hundred and fourty-seven cases (48.4%) were treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage or endoscopic nasobiliary drainage before operation. The median bilirubin level in the drainage group decreased from 186.4 μmol/L to 85.5 μmol/L before operation. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify the influencing factors for R0 resection,and Cox regression was used to construct multivariate prediction models for overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival(DFS). Results:Among 510 patients who underwent surgical resection,Bismuth-Corlett type Ⅲ-Ⅳ patients accounted for 71.8%,among which 86.1% (315/366) underwent hemi-hepatectomy,while 81.9% (118/144) underwent extrahepatic biliary duct resection alone in Bismuch-Corlett type Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients. The median OS time was 22.8 months, and the OS rates at 1-,3-,5-and 10-year were 72.2%,35.6%,24.8% and 11.0%,respectively. The median DFS time was 15.2 months,and the DFS rates was 66.0%,32.4%,20.9% and 11.0%,respectively. The R0 resection rate was 64.5% (329/510), and the OS rates of patients with R0 resection at 1-,3-,5-and 10-year were 82.5%, 48.6%, 34.4%, 15.2%,respectively. The morbidity of Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ complications was 26.1%(133/510) and the 30-day mortality was 4.3% (22/510). Multivariate Logistic regression indicated that Bismuth-Corlett type Ⅰ-Ⅲ ( P=0.009), hemi-hepatectomy and extended resection ( P=0.001),T1 and T2 patients without vascular invasion (T2 vs. T1: OR=1.43 (0.61-3.35), P=0.413;T3 vs. T1: OR=2.57 (1.03-6.41), P=0.010;T4 vs. T1, OR=3.77 (1.37-10.38), P<0.01) were more likely to obtain R0 resection. Preoperative bilirubin,Child-Pugh grade,tumor size,surgical margin,T stage,N stage,nerve infiltration and Edmondson grade were independent prognostic factors for OS and DFS of hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients without distant metastasis. Conclusions:Radical surgical resection is necessary to prolong the long-term survival of hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients. Hemi-hepatectomy and extended resection,regional lymph node dissection and combined vascular resection if necessary,can improve R0 resection rate.

Objective:To investigate the midterm and long-term efficacy of flow-diverter device in treating intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and analyze its clinical outcomes in anterior circulation aneurysms and posterior circulation aneurysms.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. The data of 566 intracranial aneurysm patients (681 aneurysms) treated with the flow-diverter device at Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2018 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 205 males and 361 females, with an age ( M(IQR)) of 55 (14) years (range:18 to 77 years). Twelve patients (12 aneurysms) had ruptured aneurysms before surgery, and 75 patients (172 aneurysms) had multiple aneurysms. Preoperative modified Rankin scale (mRS) >2 points in 16 patients.There were 444 patients (552 aneurysms) in the anterior circulation group and 122 patients (129 aneurysms) in the posterior circulation group. Postoperative follow-up was conducted via outpatient visits or telephone calls at 3 to 12 months after the procedure. Baseline aneurysm parameters, surgical information, and imaging and clinical outcomes were collected. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent factors associated with long-term incomplete aneurysm occlusion. Results:Intraoperative use of flow diverter-assisted coil embolization was performed in 221 patients (226 aneurysms), and balloon assistance was used in 20 patients (22 aneurysms).The intraoperative rupture rate was 0.5% (3/566), and the intraoperative thrombosis rate was 0.7% (4/566). The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.2% (7/566). Postoperative complications included subarachnoid hemorrhage in 5 patients (0.9%), intracerebral hemorrhage in 2 patients (0.4%), ischemic stroke in 19 patients (3.6%), and transient ischemic attack in 16 patients (3.0%). Imaging follow-up was available for 447 patients (548 aneurysms) with a follow-up duration of (16.7±6.7) months (range:3 to 45 months). Incomplete aneurysm occlusion occurred in 79 patients (95 aneurysms), accounting for 17.3% (95/548). Parent artery stenosis was observed in 63 patients (72 aneurysms), accounting for 13.1% (72/548). Clinical follow-up was available for 530 patients (644 aneurysms) with a follow-up duration of (29.4±11.3) months (range:3 to 54 months). One case of mRS score >2 points was observed in 18 patients, accounting for 3.4% (18/530). Among them, the rate of incomplete occlusion in the anterior and posterior circulation group was 16.9% (76/450) and 19.4% (19/98), respectively, and the rate of parent artery stenosis was 10.9% (49/450) and 23.5% (23/98), respectively; the rate of mRS score>2 points was 2.4% (10/415) and 7.0% (8/115), respectively. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that aneurysm neck size ( β=0.075, OR=1.08, P=0.028) and coil use ( β=-1.070, OR=0.034, P=0.001) were independent factors influencing long-term aneurysm occlusion. Conclusions:The flow-diverter device demonstrates good safety and efficacy in the midterm and long-term treatment of overall IAs. However, further research is needed to focus on the midterm and long-term treatment outcomes of aneurysms with relatively wide neck and posterior circulation aneurysms.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic characteristics of measles and rubella in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2013 to 2022， and to provide data support for the elimination of measles and rubella. MethodsEnzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect IgM antibodies in serum samples. The sequence of 630 nucleotides at the C-terminal of N gene of measles virus was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the phylogenic tree was constructed. ResultsA total of 1 529 suspected cases of measles were detected from 2013 to 2022， among which the positive rate of measles IgM antibody was 33.55% （513/1 529）. The highest positive rate （20.73%） was from March to May ， and the positive rate of rubella IgM antibody was 6.80% （104/1 529）. The positive rate of both IgM was higher in males than that in females （P<0.05）. The IgM against measles was mainly detected in 0‒ years old （63.16%， 96/152） and 20‒ years old （45.61%， 161/353）. The IgM against rubella was mainly detected in 10‒20 years old （27.27%， 18/66）. The IgM antibody could be detected more easily from 4 to 28 days after eruption， and the IgM antibody positive rate of measles/rubella from 2020 to 2022 was significantly lower than previous years （2013‒2019）. There were 2 D8 genotype strains， and the rest were H1a gene subtypes. ConclusionThe positive rate of IgM antibodies against measles/rubella in Pudong New Area of Shanghai decreased significantly. People aged 0‒ years and 20‒ years old are more susceptible to measles， and rubella is concentrated in 10‒ years old. It is necessary to strengthen the vaccination of school-age children， in order to achieve the goal of eliminating measles. The age group with high risk of exposure should be checked for vaccination status to ensure the enhanced immunization， and the surveillance of imported measles cases should be strengthened.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the detection rate of prenatal depression in Chinese women, so as to provide the reference for mental health care during pregnancy among women. Methods: Publications pertaining to the detection rate of prenatal depression in Chinese women were retrieved from international and national databases from inception to July 30, 2023, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed and other databases. The Stata 17.0 software was used for meta analysis, sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method, and the publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot and Egger's test. Results: A total of 5 687 publications were retrieved, and 60 studies were finally included, with 58 in Chinese and 2 in English, 51 of medium quality and 9 of high quality, and 114 168 participants. The results of meta-analysis showed that the overall detection rate of prenatal depression in Chinese women was 23.7% (95%CI: 20.0%-27.5%). The detection rates of prenatal depression in the first, second and third trimesters were 22.1% (95%CI: 15.5%-28.6%), 16.3% (95%CI: 12.0%-20.6%) and 19.9% (95%CI: 16.0%-23.7%), in Eastern and Midwestern China were 19.7% and 27.5%, and in women with an education level of junior high school or below and high school or above were 27.2% and 17.9%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Sensitivity analysis showed that the study results were stable. There were publication bias in the results of overall detection rate of prenatal depression, and detection rates in the second and third trimester. Conclusions The overall detection rate of prenatal depression in Chinese women ranges from 20.0% to 27.5%. There are differences in the detection rate of prenatal depression in different pregnancies, with the highest detection rate in the first trimester.

With the maturation of proteomics technologies in recent years, proteomics has made significant achievements in early detection of major diseases, disease classification, drug target discovery, and other fields. To explore the important role of proteomics, especially proteomics-based cutting-edge lifeomics technologies, in promoting the development of precision laboratory medicine and to discuss the opportunities and challenges faced during the clinical translation of innovative outcomes, the National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing invited renowned experts and scholars in laboratory medicine, lifeomics, and precision medicine. The discussions revolved around the collaborative development of laboratory medicine and lifeomics, the future trends of new technologies in clinical laboratory testing, the innovation and development of lifeomics in laboratory medicine, the translational application of proteomics technologies in laboratory medicine, and the opportunities and challenges in the industrialization of proteomics achievements. All participants agreed that proteomics provides new directions and opportunities for precision diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, close collaboration between academia, hospitals and industry is required. Additionally, challenges such as clinical applicability of equipment, standardization of detection methods and data, cost and quality control, talent cultivation, and the industrialization pathway need to be addressed.