Objective To clarify the origin,composition,source of medicinal ingredients,dosage and efficacy of the classic prescription Tibetan medicine"Siwei-Shiliu Powder",and provide literature evidence and scientific basis for its modern clinical application and drug development.Methods Based on ancient Tibetan medical literature and combined with the research methods of bibliometrics,literature screening was conducted,the prescription origin,ingredient composition,dosage,main therapeutic effects and modern research literature of"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"were investigated and analyzed.Results"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"was mentioned in 27 ancient Tibetan medical books and there were 3 different prescriptions with the same name.The most commonly used"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"consists of pomegranate,cinnamon,cardamom and Piper longum.Its prescription can be traced back to the"Biji-Huangjing"of the Tubo period and has been passed down to the present through the"Four Medical Codes".The formula ratio of"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"was 2∶1∶1∶1,which meant 2 portions of pomegranate(Xiao,about 6.96 g),1 portion each of cinnamon,white cardamom and dried ginger(Xiao,about 6.96 g).It had the functions of nourishing the stomach and generating fire,stimulating appetite and treating cold,and was used for separating clear from turbid,indigestion,loss of appetite and undigested food.It could be appropriately applied in the initial treatment of latent heat diseases.Conclusion This study confirms the formula's earliest record in"Biji Huangjing"during the Tibetan Empire period and its transmission through"Four Medical Codes",establishing it as a core classical prescription of classical Tibetan medicine formulas.The issue of confusion between different formulas with the same name has been clarified,and the mainstream composition has been established as pomegranate,cinnamon,white cardamom,and long pepper(in a ratio of 2∶1∶1∶1),which serves as the universal standard in Tibetan medicine.(2∶1∶1∶1).The scientific essence of the"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"—its ability to"warm the stomach and promote digestion,dispel cold and resolve stagnation"—has been revealed.This is achieved by regulating the gastrointestinal microbiome and enhancing digestive enzyme activity,thereby fulfilling its core function of"separating the clear from the turbid."This provides a pharmacological basis for treating indigestion(Péilóng cold disorder).Furthermore,modern research has confirmed its potential for early intervention in latent heat diseases,broadening the scope for research and development of Tibetan medicine in preventing and treating metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia.

Objective To clarify the origin,composition,source of medicinal ingredients,dosage and efficacy of the classic prescription Tibetan medicine"Siwei-Shiliu Powder",and provide literature evidence and scientific basis for its modern clinical application and drug development.Methods Based on ancient Tibetan medical literature and combined with the research methods of bibliometrics,literature screening was conducted,the prescription origin,ingredient composition,dosage,main therapeutic effects and modern research literature of"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"were investigated and analyzed.Results"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"was mentioned in 27 ancient Tibetan medical books and there were 3 different prescriptions with the same name.The most commonly used"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"consists of pomegranate,cinnamon,cardamom and Piper longum.Its prescription can be traced back to the"Biji-Huangjing"of the Tubo period and has been passed down to the present through the"Four Medical Codes".The formula ratio of"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"was 2∶1∶1∶1,which meant 2 portions of pomegranate(Xiao,about 6.96 g),1 portion each of cinnamon,white cardamom and dried ginger(Xiao,about 6.96 g).It had the functions of nourishing the stomach and generating fire,stimulating appetite and treating cold,and was used for separating clear from turbid,indigestion,loss of appetite and undigested food.It could be appropriately applied in the initial treatment of latent heat diseases.Conclusion This study confirms the formula's earliest record in"Biji Huangjing"during the Tibetan Empire period and its transmission through"Four Medical Codes",establishing it as a core classical prescription of classical Tibetan medicine formulas.The issue of confusion between different formulas with the same name has been clarified,and the mainstream composition has been established as pomegranate,cinnamon,white cardamom,and long pepper(in a ratio of 2∶1∶1∶1),which serves as the universal standard in Tibetan medicine.(2∶1∶1∶1).The scientific essence of the"Siwei-Shiliu Powder"—its ability to"warm the stomach and promote digestion,dispel cold and resolve stagnation"—has been revealed.This is achieved by regulating the gastrointestinal microbiome and enhancing digestive enzyme activity,thereby fulfilling its core function of"separating the clear from the turbid."This provides a pharmacological basis for treating indigestion(Péilóng cold disorder).Furthermore,modern research has confirmed its potential for early intervention in latent heat diseases,broadening the scope for research and development of Tibetan medicine in preventing and treating metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia.