AIM: To explore the spatiotemporal distribution and the association with environmental factors of age-related cataract in Yushu, Qinghai Province from January 2023 to March 2025.METHODS:A total of 1 121 patients with age-related cataract admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to March 2025 were collected, 121 patients were excluded according to the exclusion criteria, and finally 1 000 patients living in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province were included, with an average age of 71.45±8.25 years. ArcGIS10.2 was used to draw the spatiotemporal distribution map of age-related cataract in each county of Yushu, Qinghai Province, and OpenGeoda was used for global spatial autocorrelation analysis. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between environmental factors and the incidence of age-related cataract. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of age-related cataract. LCA(Mplus 7.4 software)was used to compare the differences in factor distribution characteristics.RESULTS:There were 438 cases in 2023, 472 cases in 2024, and 90 cases in 2025 among the 1 000 cases of age-related cataract. The spatiotemporal distribution map of age-related cataract in each county of Yushu, Qinghai Province showed that the incidence rate was the highest in Qumalai County and Zhiduo County, followed by Chengduo County and Yushu City, and the lowest in Nangqian County and Zaduo County. The spatial distribution presented a incidence feature of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The highest number of confirmed cases was from July to September 2023 and 2024, accounting for 31.90% of the study population, which might be related to the peak of ultraviolet radiation intensity in the summer on the plateau. The global autocorrelation Moran's I coefficient showed that the spatial distribution characteristics of age-related cataract at the county level presented a bimodal distribution, with all Moran's I coefficients being positive. The incidence of age-related cataract in each year had a spatial positive correlation(P<0.05). The peaks were in July to September 2023 and 2024, with values of 0.423 and 0.451, respectively. The annual average ultraviolet radiation, altitude, and annual average PM2.5 concentration positively correlated with age-related cataract(all P<0.05), while the annual average temperature and annual precipitation negatively correlated with age-related cataract. However, only the annual average temperature significantly correlated with age-related cataract(P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the correlations remained stable(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the annual average ultraviolet radiation, altitude, annual average temperature, and annual average PM2.5 concentration were independent influencing factors for age-related cataract(all P<0.05). LCA showed that the effects of annual average ultraviolet radiation, altitude, annual average temperature, and annual average PM2.5 concentration on age-related cataract were heterogeneous.CONCLUSION:From January 2023 to March 2025, there were obvious spatiotemporal characteristics and distribution patterns of age-related cataract in Yushu, Qinghai Province. Temporally, the number of confirmed cases reached the peak in July to September each year. Spatially, the incidence rates in each county were significantly different, presenting a distribution feature of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. In addition, ultraviolet radiation, altitude, temperature, and PM2.5 concentration are important environmental factors affecting the incidence of age-related cataract in Yushu, Qinghai Province.

Five meroterpenoids, rhodonoids K-M (1-2), daurichromene E (3), and grifolins A-B (4-5), together with seven known compounds (6-12), were isolated from Rhododendron anthopogonoides. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through comprehensive analysis of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), ultraviolet (UV), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparing experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra with computed values. Notably, compounds 1 and 3 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. These compounds markedly suppressed the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) while also down-regulating the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).
Mice ; Rhododendron/chemistry* ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Terpenes/isolation & purification* ; Molecular Structure ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology* ; Cyclooxygenase 2/immunology* ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/immunology* ; Macrophages/immunology* ; Interleukin-6/immunology* ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Interleukin-1beta/immunology*

Objective To explore the range of normal female pelvic diameter lines in Tibetan nationality. Methods The subjects were Tibetan nationality female who underwent pelvic CT examination in the Radiology Department from January 2016 to December 2019 at the General Hospital of the Tibet Military Region of PLA. Ninty-six samples between the ages of 22 and 65 years, with an average age (46.06±11.42)years were recruited. Mimics 19.0 software was used to construct the digital three-dimensional model of pelvis, and to measure transverse diameter(TD), obstetric conjugate(OC), interspinous distance(ISD), sagittal midpelvic diameter(SMD), intertuberous distance(ITD), sagittal outlet diameter(SOD),diagonal conjugate diameter(DCD),sacrum length(SL), penal height(PH).Analysis of variance was used to compare different age groups, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between age and pelvic diameter. Results The linear measurement of TD was (132.08±6.15) mm, OC was (112.44±9.43) mm, ISD was (107.30±8.70), SMD was (129.06±7.73) mm, ITD was (123.02±12.08) mm, SOD was (118.80±8.87) mm, DCD was (127.49±9.80) mm, SL was (102.56±10.88) mm and PH was (36.57±4.57) mm.Cluster analysis showed that Lhasa Tibetans were closest to Uygurs. Conclusion The close clustering relationship between Tibetans and Uygurs in Lhasa suggests that there is a possibility of gene exchange between Tibetans and Uygurs in Hotan area in ancient times. The pelvic diameter of Tibetan women in Lhasa has changed significantly. Narrower OC, SL and PH make the pelvis flat, which is more and more detrimental to natural childbirth.

Nineteen preschisanartane-type schinortriterpenoids (SNTs), among which eleven ones were previously undescribed, were isolated from two Schisandra species, S. sphaerandra and S. rubriflora. Their structures were determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, NMR data comparison, quantum chemical calculation of NMR parameters, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), X-ray single crystal diffraction, and chemical derivation. Furthermore, structural re-examination of a few previously reported preschisanartane-type SNTs led to the structural revision of preschisanartanin J. Besides, it is suggested that the reported structures of arisanlactone D and schilancidilactone W should be re-checked. Finally, a few isolated SNTs were found to possess neurite outgrowth-promoting activities, and protective activities against neural injuries.

Nine new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, named scopariusols L-T (1-9), were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon scoparius. Their structures were characterized mainly by analyzing the NMR and HR-ESI-MS data, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 was active against five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480), and it also inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, with an IC value of 0.6 μmol·L.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Diterpenes, Kaurane ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Isodon ; chemistry ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Nitric Oxide ; biosynthesis ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; Plant Components, Aerial ; chemistry ; RAW 264.7 Cells