Heatstroke, a life-threatening illness, poses a significant risk to human health, particularly in high-temperature and high-humidity environments. Timely and effective on-site management is critical for improving patient survival and prognosis. Rapid recognition, rapid assessment, and rapid cooling are the cornerstones of pre-hospital care. However, the absence of a standardized protocol for pre-hospital management of heatstroke has impeded the efficacy of treatment. This consensus, initiated by the Expert Group on Heatstroke Prevention of the People's Liberation Army, signifies a collaborative endeavor involving emergency medical personnel, nurses, and administrators from pre-hospital care, emergency departments, and intensive care units in both military and civilian domains. By systematically reviewing evidence-based medicine and clinical expertise in heatstroke prevention, on-site and in-transit care, as well as early treatment in emergency settings, the group has formulated the Expert consensus on pre-hospital emergency management of heatstroke (2024) after extensive discussions and iterative recommendations, which serve as a scientific and standardized framework for pre-hospital heatstroke emergency care. The consensus underscores the pivotal role of enhancing public awareness regarding heatstroke prevention and augmenting the rates of rapid recognition and rapid cooling for effective on-site heatstroke management. In high-risk industries, regions, or seasons for heatstroke, developing scientifically sound plans and conducting practical training can provide effective safety measures. Emergency personnel should undergo specialized training and assessments in knowledge and skills, ambulances should be equipped with effective cooling devices, and hospitals must maintain comprehensive emergency response capabilities. It is recommended to establish a regional heatstroke treatment network to optimize the allocation of emergency resources and streamline processes, thereby improving treatment outcomes and response times.
Heat Stroke/prevention & control* ; Humans ; Emergency Medical Services ; Consensus

To improve the popularization of the knowledge of the first responders and promote the establishment of the awareness of the first aid, First Aid Professional Committee of Chinese Aging Well Association formulated the Expert consensus on the first responder of the first aid. This consensus aims at the critical and weak link of emergency medical service system (EMSS) in China, providing the public with the first responders action guidance, and guiding the public how to effectively rescue the "first scene", "first time" and "first responder" in the event of sudden injury or illness. Strengthen risk pre-control, environmental control and overall joint control in the "first scene" of different emergencies were emphasized. How to correctly judge, recognize, call for help and give first aid in the "first time" were presented. The first aid skills of the "first responder" should include cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED) defibrillation, Heimlich (abdominal impingement), hemostasis, dressing, fixation, and handling. The best place, the best training method and the best communication way to popularize the first aid knowledge and skills were proposed, and the first responder action plan was jointly promoted from various social levels such as policy, law, science and technology, culture and so on. This consensus refers to relevant foreign guidelines and scientific basis and combines with Chinese actual national conditions to provide guidance for the first responders' action and training, aiming to promote the development of first aid in China.
China ; Consensus ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Responders ; First Aid ; Humans