Clinically,the mortality of blunt traumatic aortic injury(BTAI)is high.Due to its less trauma,fewer complications and rapid recovery,the endovascular aortic repair has become the preferred treatment for BTAI.In the effective treatment process of BTAI,professional and efficient emergency interventional nursing care plays an important role.This consensus aims to make a detailed description of the clinical diagnosis and treatment of BTAI,focusing on the etiology and clinical manifestations,in-hospital and out-hospital emergency nursing assessment(including the identification of early shock)and resuscitation,emergency management,key points of emergency interventional care,early rehabilitation,and continuous care after discharge,in addition,to construct and to optimize the managing process of emergency interventional care,so as to provide useful guidance and reference basis for the clinical emergency care practice for BTAI.

Temporary cardiac pacing is an essential technique in the diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmias. Due to its urgency, complexity, and uncertainty, it is necessary to develop an evidence-based emergency operation norms. Currently, there is no specific consensus guidelines at home or abroad. The Emergency Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to draft the Chinese emergency expert consensus on bedside temporary cardiac pacing (2023) to guide the operation and application of bedside cardiac pacing. The formulation of the consensus adopts the consensus meeting method and the evidentiary basis and recommendation grading of the Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine in the United States. A total of 13 recommendations were extracted from the discussion on the methods of bedside temporary cardiac pacing, the puncture site of transvenous temporary cardiac pacing, the selection of leads, the placement and placement of leads, pacemaker parameter settings, indications, complications and postoperative management. The recommended consensus includes the choice between transcutaneous and transvenous pacing, preferred venous access for temporary transvenous pacing, the target and best guidance method for implantation of bedside pacing electrodes, recommended default pacemaker settings, recommended indications for sinoatrial node dysfunction, atrioventricular block, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. They also recommended ultrasound guidance and a shortened temporary pacing support time to reduce complications of temporary transvenous cardiac pacing, recommended bedrest, and anticoagulation after temporary transvenous pacing. Bedside temporary cardiac pacing is generally safe and effective. Accurate assessment, correct selection of the pacing mode, and timely performance of bedside temporary cardiac pacing can further improve the survival rate and prognosis of related emergency patients.
Humans ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods* ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/therapy* ; Myocardial Infarction/therapy* ; Electrodes

Xiyanping injection, a traditional Chinese medicine injection made of andrographolide sulfonate, consisting of well-defined ingredients with antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic efficacy, has been widely used for treating infectious diseases of respiratory and digestive systems. However, its wide applications may easily lead to unreasonable clinical medication. In order to guide the precise clinical application and rational use of Xiyanping injection, experts in related fields conducted systematically literature review, evaluated and deliberated the application of Xiyanping injection in treating acute infectious diseases using evidence-based medicine method, and jointly drafted the consensus to summarize types of acute infectious diseases in children and adults that can be treated with Xiyanping injection, and recommend the intervention time, usage and dosage, course of treatment and combined medication of the injection. Besides, the consensus elucidates the safety, precautions and contraindications of the injection, so as to provide guidance for clinical use.

County-level hospitals, as medical and health centers in the counties, are mainly responsible for providing medical care for common and frequently-occurring diseases as well as rescuing acute critical patients. In 2018, editors of the Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine evaluated the current situation of the emergency departments of county-level hospitals and found an unbalanced, inadequate, irregular, and unstable status existed among them. In order to provide developmental principles and constructional goals for the emergency departments of county-level hospitals, which located in different regions and with uneven foundations, Emergency Medical Branch of Chinese Medical Association particularly formulated this expert consensus. It not only suits for county-level general hospitals but also offers reference to the traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and specialized hospitals. The consensus includes: duties and scope of the emergency department, flow layout, equipment configuration and technology, job setting and staffing, management of emergency department, information construction and centralized construction. Construction specifications are divided into basic standards and recommended standards. The terms in the text are basic standards, and recommendations are improvements on basic standards. The basic standards are mainly suitable for the 2 Grade general hospitals, and the recommended standards mainly for 3 Grade general hospitals.
China ; Consensus ; Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration* ; Hospitals, County ; Humans

In May 2018, China's disaster prevention and the emergency alliance was established by the efforts of ten first level related medical health associations and societies. The experts on board agree that Chinese disaster medical rescue system should start before the disaster, emphasize the action during the disaster and extend care after the disaster. Disaster medicine should be established on the wisdom of the whole nation, offering different strategies, restoring the industry and solving the difficulties of the people. The alliance should abide by the principles of tolerance, opening, cooperation, to overcome the challenges together and to realize the future of disaster prevention and emergency response in China through inheritance, integration, transformation, and creation. Through discussions among members of the alliance, a preliminary consensus was concluded on the principles, strategies, and methods. The principle of disaster prevention and emergency preparedness advocated the concept of disaster prevention and emergency, which was composed of three parts of chain link throughout the phase of pre-disaster, disaster, and post-disaster. The current prevention and emergency technology were integrated and transformed to create updated research and development strategy for prevention and emergency response. Cooperation in developing emergency methods for disaster prevention can be divided into pre-rescue, mid-rescue, and post-rescue technical methods.
Books ; China ; Disaster Medicine ; Disaster Planning ; Disasters ; Emergency Medical Services