Objective:This study aimed to identify potential prognostic and biotherapeutic targets for oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)by investigating the regulatory effects of M1/M2 macrophages on OSCC progression and their underlying mechanisms.Methods:The ef-fects of M1/M2 macrophages on the proliferation,migration,invasion,and apoptosis of SCC-15 cells were examined.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of CD68 and M2 macrophage marker proteins in human OSCC tissue microarrays,and their cor-relations with clinicopathological features were analyzed.Results:M1 macrophages promoted apoptosis of SCC-15 cells while inhibiting their proliferation,migration,and invasion.In contrast,M2 macrophages exhibited the opposite effects.The infiltration density of tumor-associ-ated macrophages(TAMs)in OSCC tissues was significantly positively correlated(P<0.05)with lymph node metastasis.Conclusions:M1 mac-rophages suppress OSCC progression,whereas M2 macrophages promote it.

The active ingredients of Curcuma aromatica have multi-target effects and could intervene in the process of neurodegenerative diseases from multiple perspectives, such as promoting the clearance of Aβ, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, neuroprotective, anti-depressant, and anti-tumor effects. However, the low bioavailability of Curcuma extracts limits their therapeutic effects in the body. In addition, the side effects of long-term use and the dose-effect relationship are still unclear, and more new pharmacodynamic observations are needed. This article reviews the research on single-ingredient and compound traditional Chinese medicine preparations of Curcuma to provide references for clinical medication.

The construction of medical ethical review is the basic guarantee for strengthening the ethical governance of medical science and technology,and mutual recognition of ethical review results serves as a pivotal approach to accelerate the construction of ethical review.This paper conducted a questionnaire survey on 30 tertiary medical and health institutions with clinical trial qualifications in Tianjin,based on the exploration of the implementation of the Notice on the Implementation of Mutual Recognition of Medical Ethics Review Results in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region jointly issued by the Health Committees of the three regions in Tianjin's tertiary medical and health institutions.By investigating and analyzing the situation of clinical trials,ethics committees,and mutual recognition from 2021 to 2023,the regular reasons affecting the promotion of mutual recognition of ethical review results in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were identified,and reasonable recommendations were proposed.These aimed to offer references for the Tianjin region in deepening the integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei development and accelerating the promotion of regional ethical mutual recognition work,thereby advancing the construction and development of medical ethical review.

Pediatric tumor predisposition syndrome(TPS)is a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by inherited gene mutations or germline mutations,which increasing risk of tumors.Screening pediatric TPS remains a multidisciplinary,multimodal and longitudinal management process.Imaging techniques are beneficial for early detection of tumors reducing mortality rates.Whole-body MRI,combined with multidisciplinary follow-up,including pediatric oncology,pediatric surgery,endocrinology,radiology,hematology and genetics,is helpful to management of pediatric TPS.The research progresses in management strategy and whole-body MRI screening of pediatric TPS were reviewed in this article.

Objective To explore the correlation between psoas major index(PMI)in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)and prognosis after rituximab,cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine,prednisone(R-CHOP)chemotherapy.Methods Totally 148 DLBCL patients who received R-CHOP chemotherapy were retrospectively enrolled.Based on axis CT image at L3 vertebral transverse process,bilateral psoas muscles were delineated,and PMI was calculated.Then the patients were divided into muscle reduction group(≤lower quartile,n=37)and control group(＞lower quartile,n=111)according to the lower quartile of PMI.Clinical and imaging data were compared between groups,and the correlations of PMI with the above indexes were analyzed.The impact factors of prognosis of DLBCL were observed.Results Significant differences of body mass index(BMI),Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score,international prognostic index(IPI),the proportion of B symptoms,mortality rate,3-year survival rate,β2-microglobulin,hemoglobin,albumin and PMI were found between groups(all P＜0.05).PMI of DLBCL patient was negatively correlated with age,ECOG score,IPI,β2-microglobulin and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)(r=—0.126,-0.225,—0.262,—0.232,—0.229,all P＜0.05),but positively correlated with BMI and hemoglobin(r=0.282,0.376,both P＜0.05).The age,ECOG score,IPI and PMI were all independent impact factors of overall survival in DLBCL patients(all P＜0.05).Conclusion PMI was an independent impact factor of prognosis of DLBCL after R-CHOP chemotherapy.

Oral cancer is a common inflammation-associated malignant tumor of the head and neck.In recent years,the role of the tumor microenvironment in the progression of oral cancer has received increasing attention.In the microenvironment of solid tumors,including or-al cancer,tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are among the most common type of immune cell and are closely associated with the poor prognosis of more than 80%of human malignant tumors.An increasing body of evidence indicates that TAMs play important roles in the oc-currence and progression of oral cancer.On the basis of the most recent research progress,both domestic and international,we systematic-ally reviewed the phenotypic characteristics,clinicopathological correlations,and molecular regulatory mechanisms of TAMs in the microen-vironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).In particular,we focus on the key signaling pathways promoting tumorigenesis and de-velopment and immune escape mechanisms,with the aim of constructing a systematic theoretical framework for developing therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs and providing a scientific basis for clinical translational research.

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is an autopeptic disease,which can be accompanied by systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been used in the treatment of AP and have shown good application potential.MSCs can act through multiple mechanisms to reduce pancreatic inflammation and enhance tissue repair.These mechanisms include homing to injury sites,anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects,oxidative stress reduction,inhibition of apoptosis and suppression of autophagy.Additionally,MSCs can mitigate multi-organ damage associated with AP,impacting lungs,intestines,heart and other organs.Research on the application of MSCs in treating AP is predominantly at the preclinical animal study stage,with limited clinical investigations reported.This article reviews the mechanisms and research progress of MSCs in the treatment of AP,aiming to provide references for basic research and clinical applications.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of the combination of routine pleural effusion and serum assay in differentiating tuberculous pleural effusion from malignant pleural effusion.Methods A total of 160 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion and 267 patients with malignant pleural effusion were selected as the study group.Pleural effusion and serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),adenosine deaminase(ADA)and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)were collected.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to determine the diagnostic value of pleural effusion ADA,serum LDH/pleural effusion ADA and pleural effusion CEA/serum CEA in tuberculous pleural effusion,and to determine the optimal cut-off value.The initial diagnosis procedure was designed as follows:the group 1 was defined as meeting the three conditions of pleural effusion ADA≥29.700 U/L,serum LDH/pleural effusion ADA＜8.523 and pleural effusion CEA/serum CEA＜1.096(considering tuberculous pleural effusion),patients meeting the three conditions of pleural effusion ADA＜29.700 U/L,serum LDH/pleural effusion ADA≥8.523 and pleural effusion CEA/serum CEA≥1.096 were defined as the group 2(malignant pleural effusion considered),and the remaining ones that did not meet all of the above conditions were defined as the group 3.For patients in the group 3,if multinucleated cells≥50%in cell classification of pleural effusion,malignant pleural effusion was considered.For patients with monocytes>50%in cell classification of pleural effusion,the optimal critical value of ADA in pleural effusion was determined as 34.450 U/L by ROC curve.If ADA≥34.450 U/L,tuberculous effusion was considered.If ADA＜34.450 U/L,malignant pleural effusion was considered.According to the initial diagnosis process,151 patients with exudative pleural effusion were selected as the verification group.Results Through the initial diagnosis process,5 patients in the study group did not meet the final diagnostic criteria,including 3 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion(the pleural effusion disappeared after standard anti-tuberculosis treatment),1 patient was found to have lung cancer 3 years later,1 patient was found to have colon cancer 2 years later,and 1 patient was complicated with ulcerative colitis.There were 2 patients with malignant pleural effusion,among whom 1 was pleural mesothelioma and the other was lung adenocarcinoma.The sensitivity and specificity of the study group diagnosed by this initial diagnostic procedure for tuberculous pleural effusion were 98.13%and 99.25%,respectively,which were higher than those using ADA alone for pleural effusion.After excluding 49 patients who did not meet the criteria of this study,102 patients were finally included in the verification group,including 20 cases of tuberculous pleural effusion and 82 cases of malignant pleural effusion.Through the initial diagnosis process,only 2 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion were preliminarily diagnosed and did not meet the final diagnostic criteria,including 1 case of leukemia and 1 case of lymphoma.Conclusion The initial diagnosis process designed by combining conventional pleural effusion and serum tests has improved the accuracy of differentiating tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion.

Objective To explore the effects of apolipoprotein E gene(ApoE)polymorphism on cerebral oxygen metabolism and postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing laparoscopic general anesthesia surgery.Methods In this study,210 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2024 were selected and di-vided into ApoE ε2 group(45 cases,ε2/ε2,ε2/ε3),ApoE ε3 group(98 cases,ε3/ε3),and ApoE ε4 group(67 cases,ε3/ε4,ε4/ε4)based on their ApoE genotype.The general information,blood lipid levels,and cerebral oxygen metabolism index levels of each group were compared.Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between ApoE gene poly-morphism,blood lipid levels,and cerebral oxygen metabolism indicators,and to analyze the correlation between blood lipid levels and oxygen metabolism indicators under different genotypes.Patients were divided into cognitive impairment group(n=54)and non-cognitive impairment group(n=156)based on whether they experienced cognitive impairment after surgery.General infor-mation,blood lipid levels,and cerebral oxygen metabolism indicators were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logis-tic regression analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction.Restrictive cubic spline method was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between blood lipid levels,cerebral oxygen metabolism indicators,and cogni-tive impairment.The adjusted odds ratio(OR)and 95％confidence interval(CI)of ApoE gene polymorphism and cerebral oxygen metabolism indicators to the risk of cognitive impairment were estimated,and the interaction between ApoE gene polymorphism and cerebral oxygen metabolism indicators on cognitive impairment was analyzed.Results Among 210 patients undergoing lap-aroscopic general anesthesia surgery,the frequency of the ε3 allele was the highest,accounting for 71.67％,while the ε2 and ε4 alleles accounted for 11.90％and 16.43％,respectively.The highest proportion of the ε3/ε3 genotype was 46.67％(98/210),while the others were ε3/ε4(65/210),ε2/ε3(40/210),ε2/ε2(5/210),and ε4/ε4(2/210)in descending order.The total cholester-ol(TC),triglycerides(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)of ApoE ε4 group patients were higher than those of ApoE ε2 group and ApoE ε3 group patients,while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was lower than that of ApoE ε2 group and ApoE ε3 group patients,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The difference in radial artery and internal jugular vein bulb oxygen content(DajvO2)in ApoE ε4 group patients was higher than that in ApoE ε2 group and ApoE ε3 group.The cerebral oxygen uptake rate(COER),internal jugular vein bulb oxygen content(CjvO2),and internal jugu-lar vein bulb oxygen saturation(SjvO2)were lower than those in ApoE ε2 group and ApoE ε3 group patients,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,COER,DajvO2,CjvO2,and SjvO2 levels were not cor-related with ApoE ε2 and ApoE ε3 types,but were correlated with ApoE ε4 type.The TC,TG,LDL-C,DajvO2 levels were posi-tively correlated with ApoE ε4 type,while HDL-C,COER,CjvO2,SjvO2 were negatively correlated with ApoE ε4 type(all P＜0.05).Under different genotypes,TC,TG,LDL-C were positively correlated with COER,CjvO2,and SjvO2(all P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with DajvO2(P＜0.05).HDL-C was negatively correlated with COER,CjvO2,and SjvO2(all P＜0.05),and positively correlated with DajvO2(P＜0.05).The differences in ApoE gene polymorphism,TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL,COER,DajvO2,CjvO2,and SjvO2 between patients with cognitive impairment and those without cognitive impairment were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high TC,high TG,and ApoE ε4 genotypes were independent risk factors for cognitive dysfunction(all P＜0.05),while high COER and high SjvO2 were independent protective factors for cognitive dysfunction.The association intensity between TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL,COER,DajvO2,CjvO2,and SjvO2 and cognitive impairment showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship(P＜0.05).TC,TG,LDL-C,DajvO2 were positively correlated with the risk of cognitive impairment,while HDL-C,COER,CjvO2,and SjvO2 were negatively correlated with the risk of cognitive impairment.The interaction analysis of the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction model showed that ApoE ε4 had interactions with COER,DajvO2,CjvO2,and SjvO2.Conclusion The polymorphism of ApoE gene is associated with cerebral oxygen metabolism in patients undergoing laparoscopic general anesthesia surgery.Among them,patients with ApoE ε4 genotype have a higher risk of cognitive dysfunction after surgery than those with ApoE ε2 and ApoE ε3 genotypes.Clinically,patients with ApoE ε4 genotype should strengthen intraoperative cerebral oxygen monitoring and achieve more accurate individualized anesthesia management based on their genotype.

Medical equipment is one of the important factors influencing medical services,and ensuring the integrity of medical equipment is an important part of hospital management,and the introduction of reliable medical equipment maintenance services can improve the quality of hospital medical management as a whole.Taking a tertiary hospital in Tianjin as an example,the study explores the subjective and objective evaluation indexes of clinical satisfaction after the introduction of maintenance serv-ices,builds a refined management system for medical equipment,and constantly adjusts the evaluation program of medical equip-ment maintenance services through the feedback mechanism,aiming to enhance the safety of the use of medical equipment,re-duce the cost of maintenance of medical equipment,and contribute to the high-quality development of the hospital.