Small ubiquitin-like molecules(SUMO)regulate the function of a variety of cells by binding to target proteins.SUMO modification plays an important role in embryonic development,including heart,brain,liver,etc.Factors involved in lung development and maturation are regulated by SUMO modification,such as hypoxia-inducible factor,CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α,forkhead box protein M1,vascular endothelial-derived growth factor,and bone morphogenetic protein 4,thus affecting their activities and stabilities.Therefore,the SUMO modification status of target protein is the key to explore the development process of fetal lung.In this paper,we reviewed the research literature of SUMO mediated lung development in recent years,and combined with the research basis of our research group for many years,reviewed the factors regulating lung development and the SUMO status,in order to provide ideas for the study of drugs for effective prevention and treatment of pulmonary dysplasia.

This article reviews the concept, evaluation tools, current situation, influencing factors and promotion strategies of nurses′ remote health care readiness, in an effort to provide reference for nursing managers to construct intervention programs to improve the level of nurses′ remote health care readiness, to promote the successful development of remote healthcare and the sinking of high-quality nursing resources.

In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)keeps increasing in China,and seriously affects people's health.The M1/M2 polarization of macrophages is unbalanced in patients with T2DM,which is manifested by the increase of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and the decrease of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages.Macrophage polarization imbalance can cause insulin resistance or damage pancreatic islets β cells through various ways.Adjusting the polarization of macrophages plays a therapeutic role in T2DM.This article reviews the research progress on the relationship between macrophage polarization and T2DM.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and hemorheological effects of traditional Chinese medicine injection combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of stable angina pectoris in coronarrt heartdisease using a mesh meta-analysis system.Methods Computer searches were conducted on China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform(WanFang Data),VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and other clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs)related to the combination of traditional Chinese medicine injection and conventional Western medicine for the treatment of stable angina pectoris in coronary heart disease.The search was conducted until April 2023.The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies,and Stata13.0 software was used for meta-analysis.Results 57 RCTs were ultimately included,involving 5 types of traditional Chinese medicine injections.The results of the network meta-analysis showed that:① in terms of clinical total effective rate,the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection was ranked in the following order:conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Shenfu injection>Ciwujia injection>Huangqi injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;② In terms of the effective rate of angina symptoms,the order of efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenxiong glucose injection>Ciwujia injection+conventional therapy>Huangqi injection>Shenfu injection>Shenmai injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;③ In terms of the effective rate of electrocardiogram,the order of efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Huangqi injection>Ciwujia injection>Shenfu injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;④ In terms of improving the high shear viscosity of whole blood,the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is ranked in the following order:conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Shenfu injection>Huangqi injection>Ciwujia injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;⑤ In terms of improving whole blood low shear viscosity,the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injections is ranked in the following order:conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenfu injection>Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Ciwujia injection>Huangqi injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;⑥ In terms of improving plasma viscosity,the order of efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Huangqi injection>Shenfu injection>Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Ciwujia injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;⑦ In terms of improving fibrinogen,the efficacy ranking of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenfu injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Shenmai injection>Ciwujia injection>conventional Western medicine treatment.Conclusion The combination of traditional Chinese medicine injection and conventional Western medicine treatment has a significant effect on stable angina pectoris in coronary heart disease.Among them,Shenmai Injection has the best therapeutic effect in terms of clinical total effective rate,electrocardiogram,and improvement of whole blood high shear viscosity;In terms of improving angina symptoms,Shenxiong Glucose Injection has the best effect;In terms of improving whole blood low shear viscosity and fibrinogen,Shenfu Injection has the best effect;In terms of improving plasma viscosity,Shenfu Injection has the best effect,but currently it is limited by the number and quality of studies included,and the above conclusions still need to be verified by more high-quality studies.

With the continuous advancement of modern research on tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine,tongue diagnostic equipment plays an undeniable role in promoting the objectification of tongue diagnosis.Traditional Chinese medicine tongue diagnosis is only the subjective judgment of clinical doctors on tongue color,coating,etc.,while digital tongue diagnostic equipment and digital image processing technology can visually display tongue color,coating,etc.through digital representation,obtain the color distribution of the tongue body,saturation,brightness,and other parameter values of tongue color,objectively reflecting physiological and pathological changes in the body.The article briefly introduces the main working principles,technical parameters,image segmentation processing methods,and tongue image analysis techniques of digital tongue diagnostic equipment.It focuses on summarizing the research status of digital tongue diagnostic equipment in promoting the objectification of traditional Chinese medicine tongue diagnosis in some common diseases,and looks forward to the future application and development of digital tongue diagnostic equipment.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of abdominal massage for treating chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS).Methods Thirty clean-grade female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal control,model control,and abdominal massage groups(n=10 rats per group).The CFS rat model was established through cold water swimming combined with the chronic restraint method in the model control and abdominal massage groups.The rats in the abdominal massage group were treated with the core techniques of Jingu zang-fu massage,namely layer press"Guanyuan"(CV4)for 8 min and Tuanmo"Zhongwan"(CV12)for 12 min as the primary intervention techniques,once a day for 14 consecutive days.The rats in the two control groups did not receive intervention;however,they were bound to the experimental bench when the experimental group was massaged.After the intervention,the indexes of the main organs of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis and hippocampal cell apoptosis in each group were measured.The morphology of hippocampal cells in each group was observed using Nissl staining of hippocampal tissue and transmission electron microscopy of hippocampal neurons.Results The index of each organ in the model control group was upregulated(P<0.01)compared to that of the normal control group.In contrast,the index of each organ in the abdominal massage group was downregulated(P<0.01)compared with that of the model control group.Compared to the normal control group,the index of each organ in the abdominal massage group was upregulated;however,the difference was not significant.Compared to the normal control group,the cell nuclei in the model control group were significantly consolidated,the nuclear membrane structure was ruptured,and the margins were irregular.Most of the cell morphology in the abdominal massage group was normal compared with that of the model control group,and a small number of nuclear membrane structures were unclear.Compared to the normal control group,the hippocampal neuronal cell in the other two groups was significantly damaged,and the hippocampal neuronal cell in the abdominal massage group was in good condition compared to the model control group.The degree of neuronal apoptosis in the model control group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group(P<0.01).The degree of neuronal apoptosis in the abdominal massage group decreased compared to that of the model control group(P<0.01),which was slightly higher than that in the normal control group but not significant.Conclusion Cold water swimming combined with chronic restraint can simulate CFS in rats,and abdominal massage can reduce the organ index of the hypothalamus,pituitary gland,and adrenal gland,increase hippocampal cell activity,reduce hippocampal tissue damage,inhibit hippocampal cell apoptosis,and maintain the normal physiological function of hippocampal neurons.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate(MgIG)on cisplatin(CDDP)-induced myocardial injury in rats.Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group,the cisplatin model group(CDDP group),the cisplatin+magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate low-dose group(MgIG-L group)and the cisplatin+magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate high-dose group(MgIG-H group),with 6 rats in each group.Changes of body mass of rats were monitored daily.At the end of drug administration,cardiac function indexes including left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular short-axis narrowing rate(LVFS),left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter(LVESD)and left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter(LVEDD)were detected by echocardiography.The morphology of myocardial tissue was observed by HE staining.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB(CK-MB)and troponin I(cTnI).Levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione synthase(GSH),reactive oxygen species(ROS)and ferrous ion(Fe2+)in homogenates of myocardial tissue were measured biochemically.The protein expressions of nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2(Nrf2),long-chain fatty acyl coenzyme A synthase 4(ACSL4),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)and ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1)protein were detected by Western blot assay.Results The body mass of rats in the control group showed an increasing trend during feeding,and the body mass of rats in the CDDP group showed a decreasing trend.Compared with the CDDP group,the body mass of rats in the MgIG-L group and the MgIG-H group increased after 5 d,9 d and 13 d of treatment(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the CDDP group showed decreased LVEF and LVFS,increased LVESD and LVEDD,disturbed myocardial fiber alignment,myocardial fiber degeneration and fracture,increased serum CK-MB and cTnI levels,increased levels of MDA,Fe2+and ROS in myocardial tissue,decreased levels of SOD and GSH,and decreased levels of Nrf2,GPX4,and decreased FTH1 protein expression levels and increased ACSL4 protein expression levels in myocardial tissue(P＜0.05).Compared with the CDDP group,the above indicators and myocardial histopathological changes were significantly improved in the MgIG-L group and the MgIG-H group.Conclusion Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate can ameliorate cisplatin-induced myocardial injury by regulating myocardial oxidative stress and inhibiting cardiomyocyte iron death in rats.

Objective To explore the acupoint selection rules of acupuncture for the treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke based on data mining technology.Methods Through the computer retrieval of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,EMbase,web of science databases and other databases,the literature that meets the inclusion criteria was selected to establish a database.Descriptive analysis,cluster analysis and association rule analysis were performed on the data through Microsoft Excel 2016,IBM SPSS Statistics 21 and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software.Results(1)A total of 68 acupuncture prescriptions were included,involving 100 acupoints and a total frequency of 536 uses;(2)the top five in terms of frequency of use of acupoints were Yanglingquan(GB34),Zusanli(ST36),Xuanzhong(GB39),Qiuxu(GB40),Sanyinjiao(SP6);(3)the core acupoint pairing was Yanglingquan(GB34)-Xuanzhong(GB39),and five valid clustering clusters were obtained,which were Shenmai(BL62)-Zhaohai(KI6),Weizhong(BL40)-Kunlun(BL60),Xuehai(SP10)-Huantiao(GB30)-Fenglong(ST40)-Zusanli(ST36),Taixi(KI3)-Yinlingquan(SP9)-Sanyinjiao(SP6),Jiexi(ST41)-Taichong(LR3)-Xuanzhong(GB39)-Qiuxu(GB40)-Yanglingquan(GB34).Conclusion Through data mining,it is found that acupuncture treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke is mostly based on Yanglingquan,Zusanli,Xuanzhong,Qiuxu and Xuanzhong.Priority should be given to the application of three yang channels of the foot and five shu acupoint,syndrome differentiation and treatment,and modification should be adjusted according to the syndromes,so as to provide reference for clinical treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke.

Astrocytes are heavily activated in Alzheimer's disease,engulfing damaged synapses,Aβ proteins,Tau proteins,apoptotic cells and other substrates.However,these substrates are difficult to degrade,accumulate as the disease progresses,and impair the phagocytosis of astrocytes.During phagocytosis,astrocytes recognize different substrates through a variety of phagocytosis receptors and partially degrade the substrates through degrad-ing enzymes and lysosomal pathways.The accumulation of Aβ and Tau proteins in astrocytes caused astrocyte im-mune and metabolic disorders,and Aβ toxicity changed after phagocytosis.In addition,astrocytes and microglia form a complementary pattern and cooperate to complete phagocytosis through interaction.Regulating the pathway of astrocyte phagocytosis and degradation is believed to be a potential novo therapeutic for clinical treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Social capital, as a significant social factor influencing human life, plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life of the aged. Different dimensions of social capital have varying mechanisms and effects on the quality of life of the aged. Therefore, this article reviews both cognitive and structural social capital, aiming to provide a basis for improving the quality of life of the aged in China.