BACKGROUND: Only prospective cohort studies can capture changes in work conditions and their effects on health. Such studies are rare in bus drivers, despite their high rates of injuries and diseases. The three existing cohorts have limited exposure data, collected at baseline and thus uninformative on exposure and exposure-effect dynamics. Therefore, we aimed to develop the Swiss Transport Personnel Health Cohort (TRAPHEAC) and to anticipate and prevent potential bias. METHODS: To set up the study protocol, we first organized the stakeholder consultation and available data inventory. Second, we mapped the exposure-outcomes pairs to list the most prevalent occupational hazards, and conducted exposure measurement campaigns. Third, we built the Swiss Bus-Exposure Matrix for physical-chemical hazards and Bus-Ergonomics Matrix for visual and biomechanical constrains. These matrices contain 705 bus models operated in Switzerland since 1980 and enable assessing current and past exposure when merged with bus drivers' work histories. RESULTS: We opted for an original study design combining prospective cohort part starting at 2024 and a retrospective part with nested case-control studies. Bus drivers will be invited through three complementary channels: unions, companies, and social media. The eligibility screening, information, and consent form signature and registration will be conducted using the study web-site modules. Registered bus drivers will first receive a comprehensive inclusion questionnaire, then a yearly follow-up questionnaire to assess and update the drivers' work histories. Validated self-reported questionnaires will be used for assessing additional health outcomes (e.g., stress, sleep problems, musculoskeletal disorders, burnout) and individual, occupational and live-style related factors (e.g., personality, ICT use, physical activity). Hospital records (with diagnosed diseases, diagnosis dates and treatments) centralized since 2000 by the Swiss Federal Statics Office will be used for assessing disease prevalence, incidence and case-control status. Advanced statistical analysis will be conducted to address etiological and methodological questions (e.g., individual and joint causal effects of multiple exposures and exposure components; time-varying exposure and outcome variables and confounders mixtures). CONCLUSIONS The yearly assessment of both exposure and health outcomes should enable capturing changes in work conditions and their effects on bus drivers' health and well-being over time and facilitate the tailoring, implementation and evaluation of preventive interventions.
Humans ; Switzerland/epidemiology* ; Prospective Studies ; Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data* ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Motor Vehicles ; Research Design ; Retrospective Studies ; Case-Control Studies ; Occupational Health ; Adult ; Male ; Female

Humans ; Vascular Stiffness ; Coal Mining ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Coal ; Miners

Humans ; Nutrition Assessment ; Prognosis ; Silicosis/prevention & control* ; Occupational Diseases ; China/epidemiology* ; Occupational Exposure ; Silicon Dioxide

Humans ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Occupational Health ; China/epidemiology* ; Occupational Exposure

Objective: To analyze the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases among mining and manufacturing industries in China in 2019, provide the scientific basis for the formulation and revision of policies and standards of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods: In May 2022, Collecting data of a project named Surveillance of Occupational Hazards in the Workplace in 2019 through the National Surveillance System for Occupational Hazards in the workplace. Compare the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in 63 563 enterprises of mining and manufacturing industries among different dimensions. Results: The training rate of managers was 76.17% and that of occupational health managers was 76.97%. The rate of reporting of occupational diseases hazardous items was 67.58%, the rate of launching of the detection of occupational hazards was 57.16%, and the rate of launching of occupational health examination was 62.42%. Excluding the distribution rate of dust mask, the installation rate of various occupational prevention facilities and the distribution rate of gas mask and hearing protector were less than 80%. The differences in all the indicators among different areas, enterprise scales, economic types were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: There are still some enterprises which are relatively weak in the ability of the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in China. Measures such as special support, guidance and strengthen supervision should be taken towards those enterprises toimprove the awareness of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and the level of that.
Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Diseases/prevention & control* ; Manufacturing Industry ; Workplace ; China/epidemiology* ; Occupational Health

Objective: To understand the late reporting and the under-reporting of occupational disease from 2018 to 2020 in China and analyze the causes, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the quality of occupational disease reports in China, timely acquiring the incidence of occupational disease, and assessing the occupational hazards. Methods: From May to December 2021, A total of 320 occupational disease diagnostic institutions were selected for investigation. The original documents of occupational disease diagnosis cases from 2018 to 2020 were compared with the online reported cases, and late reported and under-reported cases of occupational disease were analyzed. Results: A total of 32207 diagnosed cases from 2018 to 2020 were investigated, including 28934 confirmed cases and 3273 cases without occupational disease. The overall late reported rate and under-reported rate of confirmed cases were 20.2% and 2.1%, respectively. There were significant differences in the rate of late reporting and under-reporting of occupational diseases in different regions and different types of diagnostic institutions (P<0.001). The southwest region had the highest rates of late reporting and under-reporting, 61.6% and 7.9% respectively. The late reported rate of all kinds of occupational diseases was about 15.0%, and the under-reported rate was from 1.5.0% to 5.0%. Conclusion: At present, the phenomenon of late reporting and under-reporting occupational diseases is still obvious. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection of occupational disease reporting, improve the quality of occupational disease reporting, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control policies.
Humans ; Occupational Diseases/diagnosis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Incidence

Objective: To explore the relevant factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among dentists through Meta analysis, providing a basis for the prevention and control of WMSDs among dentists. Methods: In April 2022, cross-sectional research literatures on the prevalence correlation of WMSDs among Chinese dentists were searched in databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and Em Base database. The search was conducted from the establishment of the database until April 2022, literatures were selected using keywords such as musculoskeletal disorders and dentists. To extract gender, age, length of service, disease classification and other related influencing factors as indicator, and prevalence was selected as the outcome indicator. After evaluating the quality of the literatures, RevMan 5.3 software was used to calculate the combined RD (95%CI) values of the included literatures. Results: A total of 15 articles were included, with a total sample size of 3646 people. Meta analysis results showed that the prevalence of WMSDs among dentists in China was 80%, and the top three parts of the incidence rates were 65% of the waist, 58% of the neck, and 50% of the back. Gender, age, length of service, region and disease classification all increased the risk of WMSDs, and the combined effect size were 75%, 78%, 71%, 77% and 82% respectively (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The occurrence of WMSDs among dentists in China is related to multiple factors such as gender, age, length of service and disease classification. The above risk factors should be taken into account in the workplace and preventive measures should be actively implemented to prolong the working life of dentists.
Humans ; Prevalence ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; China/epidemiology* ; Dentists

The surveillance of occupational disease has entered a new stage ofdevelopment, with the implementation of the national health informatization project. To improve the efficiency and quality of occupational disease monitoring information reporting in this paper, the system architecture and related management regulations, as long as the major changes and achievement of "surveillance system of occupational disease and health hazards information" under the framework of National Health Insurance Informatization Project were elaborated. The deficiencies existing in the system were analyzed, and expectation for the construction of the occupational disease surveillance system was addressed.
Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; Occupational Health

Objective: To analyze the case characteristics of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by occupational irritant chemicals (OI-COPD). To provide basis for revising its diagnostic criteria. Methods: From June to December 2021, we investigated the information of OI-COPD patients confirmed by Shandong Institute of Occupational Health and Prevention of Occupational Diseases, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, Qingdao Central Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University and other diagnostic institutions in the past five years, a total of 41 cases. The basic information of OI-COPD cases, occupational risk factors exposure information, medical history, smoking history and clinical symptoms were analyzed retrospectively. The measurement data were tested for normal distribution, which was described by x±s, and compared between groups by t test; Those who do not conform to the normal distribution are described by the median [M (Q(1), Q(3)) ] and analyzed by nonparametric test; The counting data were expressed in frequency and rate (% ), and the comparison between groups was tested. Results: Of the 41 cases, 33 were male and 8 were female. The age of the patient diagnosed with OI-COPD was (49.5±10.3) years old, and the minimum age was 30 years old; Among them, 8 patients had a definite long-term smoking history (more than 5 years) ; The exposure duration of occupational risk factors was (18.6±10.3) years, of which 3 patients had exposure duration of less than 5 years; The occupational risk factors leading to OI-COPD include acids and acid-forming compounds, bases, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, chlorine and its compounds, etc. The exposure level of occupational risk factors is related to the degree of COPD airflow restriction (χ(2)=6.17, P <0.05). 18 patients with diagnosis age <50 years old were diagnosed as early-onset COPD. The incidence of respiratory symptoms in the early diagnosis COPD group was lower than that in the non-early diagnosis COPD group, and the FEV1% pred was significantly higher than that in the non-early diagnosis COPD group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01 ) . Conclusion: The exposure level of occupational risk factors may be the risk factor affecting the degree of COPD airflow restriction. With the increase of the exposure level of COPD patients, the proportion of respiratory symptoms will also increase accordingly.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; China/epidemiology* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis* ; Lung ; Risk Factors ; Occupational Diseases/diagnosis* ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects*

In this paper, the clinical data of a case of accidental poisoning of dimethylformamide in a traffic accident was analyzed. The patient was trapped in the driving room, his limbs were soaked in dimethylformamide for a long time, and dimethylformamide was inhaled at the same time. After 4 days of treatment in a local hospital, he was transferred to the Department of Poisoning & Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University for treatment. The main clinical manifestation of the patient was liver damage and intractable abdominal pain, which was cured by active treatment.
Male ; Humans ; Dimethylformamide ; Abdominal Pain ; Occupational Diseases/complications* ; Poisoning