Aims: We evaluated the efficacy of active video games as weight reduction intervention among obese children and adolescents by synthesizing available published evidence.

Materials and methods: A meta-analysis was performed using nine RCTs based on the PRISMA guidelines. Children less than 18 years of age who are Obese I and Obese II and underwent active video games intervention or standard weight management programs were included. A search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, and HERDIN databases from inception to September 2024 databases using the MeSH and key words: (“video games” or “digital games” or “console games” or “electronic games”) AND (“weight loss” or BMI or obesity) AND (children OR pediatric OR adolescents) AND (RCT OR trials OR “randomized controlled trial). Pooled mean difference was used to determine effectiveness on reducing weight and BMI.

Results: The pooled mean difference showed significantly lower post-intervention weight (in kg) (MD=-2.97, 95%CI=-5.15 to -0.78, p=0.008) and significantly lower post-intervention BMI z-score (MD=-0.12, 95%CI=-0.13 to -0.10, p<0.000001) on children with AVG intervention. There was also lower post-intervention BMI on children with AVG intervention (MD=-1.27, 95%CI=-2.93 to 0.38). However, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.13).

Conclusion:Active video games showed a significant benefit in weight reduction among obese children. Usual lifestyle modification interventions may be challenging due to lack of motivation and poor adherence among younger demographics. AVGs present a novel approach by integrating entertainment with physical activity, thereby addressing these barriers.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Infant: 1-23 Months ; Child Preschool: 2-5 Yrs Old ; Child: 6-12 Yrs Old ; Adolescent: 13-18 Yrs Old ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Adolescent ; Meta-analysis ; Video Games ; Life Style ; Exercise ; Electronics

BACKGROUND

Online triage and consultation systems have enabled continued provision of outpatient hospital services for acute and chronic care. The Online Consultation Request and Appointment System (OCRA) is being utilized as a remote triage and consultation appointment system at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH). However, there is limited literature on waiting times involved in web-based remote triage delivery systems, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to determine the average amount of waiting time of new patients at the Family Practice Center from initial registration in the Outpatient Consultation Request and Appointment System (OCRA) until the final disposition.

METHOD

This time-motion study entailed the measurement and recording of time duration spent by new patients for initial consult at the PGH Family Practice Center, Outpatient Department, from May-July 2023. Tracking of appointment timestamps and direct covert observation were used to compute for the elapsed waiting time from OCRA registration, until the consultation proper and post-consultation processing.

RESULTS

Three hundred twenty (320) new patients at the Family Practice Center were observed for this study from May 8 – July 20, 2023. New patients of PGH OPD spent an average of 74.72 days for the OCRA registration and pre-FPC Consultation waiting time, and 281.87 minutes from initial screening waiting time until the final disposition.

CONCLUSION

The average time experienced by new patients for the OCRA registration and pre-FPC Consultation date waiting time was 10 weeks and 5 hours and 13 minutes on average from the clinic arrival in Family Practice Center until the final disposition.

Human ; Electronics ; Referral And Consultation

In this study, CM-5 spectrophotometer and Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas-phase electronic nose were used to analyze the changes in color and odor of vinegar-processed Cyperi Rhizoma(VPCR) pieces. Various analysis methods such as DFA and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) were combined to identify different processing degrees and quantify the end point of processing. The results showed that with the increase in vinegar processing, the brightness parameter L~* of VPCR pieces decreased gradua-lly, while the red-green value a~* and yellow-blue value b~* initially increased and reached their maximum at 8 min of processing, followed by a gradual decrease. A discriminant model based on the color parameters L~*, a~*, and b~* was established(with a discrimination accuracy of 98.5%), which effectively differentiated different degrees of VPCR pieces. Using the electronic nose, 26 odor components were identified from VPCR samples at different degrees of vinegar processing. DFA and PLS-DA models were established for different degrees of VPCR pieces. The results showed that the 8-min processed samples were significantly distinct from other samples. Based on variable importance in projection(VIP) value greater than 1, 10 odor components, including 3-methylfuran, 2-methylbuty-raldehyde, 2-methylpropionic acid, furfural, and α-pinene, were selected as odor markers for differentiating the degrees of vinegar processing in VPCR. By combining the changes in color and the characteristic odor components, the optimal processing time for VPCR was determined to be 8 min. This study provided a scientific basis for the standardization of vinegar processing techniques for VPCR and the improvement of its quality standards and also offered new methods and ideas for the rapid identification and quality control of the end point of processing for other traditional Chinese medicine.
Acetic Acid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis* ; Rhizome/chemistry* ; Quality Control ; Electronics

Objective: To explore the percentage of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers independently validated clinically in China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and Beijing, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Datong, and Shihezi were selected according to the geographical location and economic level. In each site, one tertiary hospital, two community health centers, and 20 families with electronic sphygmomanometers in use were chosen. The information of electronic sphygmomanometers including brand, model, manufacturer and production date were obtained by the trained staff. Ten electronic sphygmomanometers from each hospital, five electronic sphygmomanometers from each community health center, and one electronic sphygmomanometer from each family were surveyed, and the user's subjective judgment results and judgment basis on the accuracy of the electronic sphygmomanometer measurement were collected. We searched six registration websites (Medaval, Stride BP, dabl Educational Trust, British and Irish Hypertension Society, American Medical Association and Hypertension Canada) and two research databases (PubMed and CNKI) for the clinical validation status of each electronic sphygmomanometer. Results: A total of 200 electronic sphygmomanometers were investigated in this study, of which only 29.0% (58/200) passed independent clinical validation. When stratified by users, the percentage of being clinical validated was 46.0% (23/50) for electronic sphygmomanometers in hospitals, 42.0% (21/50) for those in community health centers and 14.0% (14/100) for those in home use, respectively, and the proportions between the three groups were significantly difference (P<0.001). Doctors in tertiary hospitals and community health service centers judged the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers mainly on the basis of "regular correction" (41.0% (41/100)) and "comparison with other electronic sphygmomanometers" (20.0% (20/100)), while among home users, 41.0% (41/100) were not clear about the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers, and 40.0% (40/100) made the judgment by "comparison with the devices in hospitals". Conclusion: The clinical validation of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers in China is low. Most of users, including healthcare professionals, are not aware of clinical validation of electronic sphygmomanometers.
Humans ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sphygmomanometers ; Hypertension/diagnosis* ; China ; Electronics ; Blood Pressure

In Vivo Dosimetry ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiometry/methods* ; Electronics ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/methods* ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Algorithms

Child ; Humans ; Stethoscopes ; Respiratory Sounds ; Auscultation ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Electronics

Quality evaluation of Chinese medicinal decoction pieces is vital for the development of the downstream industries, and is an important channel for implementing the strategy of "higher quality, higher price, and priority for the high quality" for traditional Chinese medicine. At the moment, the quality of Chinese medicinal decoction pieces is mainly evaluated based on chemical component examination. Considering the weak preliminary research foundation and poor research conditions, traditional experience-based evaluation is undervalued in the quality rating of Chinese medicinal decoction pieces. However, traditional experience is a summary of the quality of Chinese medicinal materials based on clinical experience, which thus can be a potential basis for the quality evaluation of the decoction pieces. It is a challenge in the evaluation of Chinese medicinal decoction pieces to objectify the traditional experience-based evaluation from multiple aspects such as chemistry, effect, and characterization via modern techniques. Therefore, this study developed the "experience-ingredients-activity-electronic sensing" evaluation system for Chinese medicinal decoction pieces on the basis of experience-based assessment, chemical ingredients that can truly reflect the traditional experience, biological effect assessment, and electronic sensory evaluation, which is expected to quantify the traditional experience of quality evaluation of Chinese medicinal decoction pieces via chemistry, biology, and sensory simulation. The evaluation system can serve as a reference for clinical experience-based quality evaluation of Chinese medicinal decoction pieces.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Electronics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Restraint, Physical

This study introduced the current testing content and standards of ECG medical electronic instruments, combined with actual clinical needs, and discussed the comprehensive verification and evaluation protocol for ECG medical electronic instruments. The protocol mainly includes hardware performance testing, automatic diagnostic function testing and clinical application evaluation. The protocol emphasizes the clinical practicality and importance of the comprehensive verification and evaluation program, and provides a reference for the institutions involved in the program.
Electrocardiography ; Electronics, Medical ; Reference Standards

Electronic sports (E-sports) are series of competitive activities different from the traditional physical sports, and E-sports athlete is becoming a new profession. Along with the fast development of E-sports industry, the number of E-sports athletes increased tremendously. The early retirement of some top-ranking athletes caused by occupational injuries has aroused the societal attentions on the health problems of E-sports athletes. Facing special occupational exposure, E-sports athletes encounter different health issues comparing to the counterparts of their ages. It is necessary to scientifically identify their health hazards and common health issues, in order to conduct effective health management for this particular professional group. This review summarized global literature on health issues and health management on E-sports athletes. The research on their health issues were mainly descriptive and there was a paucity on interventional research and health management. These provide references and directions on the future health services and research on E-sports athletes.
Athletes ; Athletic Injuries/prevention & control* ; Electronics ; Humans ; Occupational Injuries ; Sports

Medical electronic endoscope is one of the indispensable tools in medical diagnosis and treatment. With the development of science and technology, electronic endoscope has higher safety and accuracy than traditional optical endoscope. Due to the sophisticated construction and high price, hospitals spend a lot of money on maintenance every year. In order to prolong the working life of electronic endoscope, reduce the incidence of artificial failure and save hospital costs, this study made a retrospective analysis on the common faults of electronic endoscope, and summarized the maintenance strategies for reference.
Electronics, Medical ; Endoscopes ; Retrospective Studies