Objectives To study the effect of highway transportation on the quality of red blood cells. Methods Highway transportation environment was simulated by random vibration test. Red blood cell suspensions and whole blood were vibrated for 120 minutes based upon GB/T 4857.23-2003 with the RMSVA of 0.38 and 0.52grms, as well as GJB 2711-1996 with the RMSVA of 1.04grms and weight loading of 60kg. Five ml of specimen were taken before the testing (as Control Group), and after the testing at 30mins' intervals (as Testing Group). K+, FHb and red blood cell osmotic fragility were tested. Results The red blood cell osmotic fragility of whole blood increased in 0.38grms, 90min and 0.52grms, 60min specimens (P