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Squamous Papilloma of the Nasopharyngeal Side of the Soft Palate in a Snorer.

Eun Jeong HEO ; Seong Rok LEE ; Sang Min LEE ; Tae Hoon LEE

Journal of Rhinology.2010;17(1):63-66.

Squamous papilloma is a benign epithelial tumor that can develop in any mucosal site of the upper aerodigestive tract. While this tumor is found mainly in the squamocilliary junction, its distribution does not occur randomly. However, in many cases, squamous papilloma is asymptomatic, and only a small number of cases are diagnosed. We experienced a patient presented with the complaint of snoring. This patient was diagnosed as having squamous papilloma of the soft plate on the nasopharyngeal surface. The patient might have been misdiagnosed as having merely a simple snoring problem, as nothing was found upon macroscopic examination. Nevertheless, squamous papilloma was detected through fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscopy. This patient was successfully treated with laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty, and we report this case, along with the associated literature.
Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Palate, Soft ; Papilloma ; Snoring

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Ciliary Beat Frequency in the Airways of Humans : Influences of Lidocaine, Age, Sex and Smoking.

Seung Sin LEE ; In Ho JUNG ; Ji Hun MO ; Chul Gyu YOO ; Chul Hee LEE ; Won Jin YI ; Chae Seo RHEE

Journal of Rhinology.2004;11(1, 2):12-17.

We measured the ciliary beat frequencies (CBFs) in respiratory ciliated epithelia obtained from the nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchus of 40 subjects during fiberoptic bronchoscopy, using a video-computerized analysis technique. The subjects were classified into various groups based on a range of parameters, including sex, age, history of smoking and whether or not a local anesthetic has been used and mean values of CBFs were analyzed between these groups. The ciliary beat of nasal epithelial cells was significantly faster than that of the trachea or bronchus (p=0.008). There were significant positive correlations between the CBFs at the nasal cavity and trachea (R2=0.467, p<0.001), nasal cavity and bronchus (R2=0.566, p<0.001), and trachea and bronchus (R2=0.541, p<0.001). Subjects older than 60 years of age had significantly slower CBFs at all three sites and than their younger counterparts (p<0.001). Neither sex nor smoking affected the ciliary motility at any site of the respiratory tract. There was no significant difference in the nasal CBFs between the anesthetized and non-anesthetized sides. In conclusion, this study can provide important clinical data on the CBFs of respiratory tracts in humans.
Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy ; Cilia ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans* ; Lidocaine* ; Nasal Cavity ; Respiratory System ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Trachea

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Allergen Specific Immunotherapy in Allergic Rhinitis.

Sung Wan KIM

Journal of Rhinology.2004;11(1, 2):5-11.

The allergen specific immunotherapy is the only valuable method to modify a natural course of disease in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. This has been used for the treatment of allergic diseases such as rhinitis and asthma since the beginning of the 20th century. Many different methods have been developed and are being developing in the immunotherapy field. But classical allergen specific injection immunotherapy is still the most widely used one in the world. And the mechanism of this therapy has been revealed by a lot of research, which has been concluded to modify the T cell response to allergen exposure. It generally is indicated for patients who have a clinically relevant IgE-mediated disease, especially in whom environmental control and pharmacotherapy inadequately treat the symptoms. Recently, the indications of immunotherapy are getting wider. The efficacy and duration is not standardized yet. And newly discovered antigen and alteration of allergen should be considered as important factors to evaluate the patients and initiate the immunotherapy. The development of standardization of extract and well-organized schedules of injection reduce the risk of complications of immunotherapy. The scope of this review is to highlight the recent information and practical approach of the allergen specific injection immunotherapy.
Appointments and Schedules ; Asthma ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy* ; Rhinitis*

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Ectopic Eruption of a Tooth into the Nasal Cavity with Sinusitis: A Case Report.

Jang Won CHOI ; Hong Seok PARK ; Beom Seok PARK ; Soo Kweon KOO

Journal of Rhinology.2011;18(1):68-70.

The ectopic eruption of teeth into the nasal cavity is a rare phenomenon. Ectopic tooth eruptions commonly occur in the palate and maxillary sinus, but have also been reported in the mandibular condyle, coronoid process, orbit, and nasal cavities. The clinical manifestations of intranasal teeth are quite variable; however, intranasal teeth can be an incidental finding during routine examination in patients without nasal discomfort. Herein we report a unique case of an intranasal ectopic tooth that erupted into the nasal cavity and caused significant nasal symptoms in an otherwise healthy patient. The intranasal tooth was removed endoscopically.
Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Mandibular Condyle ; Maxillary Sinus ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Orbit ; Palate ; Sinusitis ; Tooth ; Tooth Eruption, Ectopic

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Simultaneous Subperiosteal and Subdural Abscesses Occurred as Complications of Acute Sinusitis.

Kun Woo KIM ; Ji Hoon MO ; Young Jun CHUNG

Journal of Rhinology.2011;18(1):63-67.

Acute sinusitis is a common medical problem which can result in serious complications if it is not managed appropriately. The most common complication of acute sinusitis is orbital complication, followed by intracranial complications. Concomitant involvement of the orbit and the brain as complications of acute sinusitis is very rare. We were presented with a case of a 27-year-old woman who suffered from subperiosteal abscess in the orbit and subdural abscess in the frontal area. Endoscopic sinus surgery, drainage of the subperiosteal abscess through eyebrow incision and drainage of the subdural abscess through craniotomy were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was free of ocular and neurologic symptoms at the eight month follow-up.
Abscess ; Adult ; Brain ; Craniotomy ; Drainage ; Eyebrows ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Orbit ; Sinusitis

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A Case of Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia Combined with Organizing Hematoma of the Lateral Wall of the Nasal Cavity.

Jin CHOI ; Byung Jun CHEON ; Jun Kyu KIM ; Jong Ok KIM ; Joo Hyung LEE

Journal of Rhinology.2011;18(1):59-62.

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is an exuberant intravascular endothelial proliferation that in many respects mimics an angiosarcoma. A 78-year-old woman complained of a several month history of left-side nasal obstruction and frequent epistaxis. Preoperative endoscopic examination demonstrated a dark red mass occupying the left nasal cavity. The nasal cavity mass was completely removed under endonasal endoscopy. During the six-month follow-up, the patient had no evidence of recurrent disease. We present here a rare case of IPEH within the nasal cavity that demonstrated the reactive nature of this affliction.
Aged ; Endoscopy ; Epistaxis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction

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Comparison of Upper Airway Morphology between Position-Dependent Sleep Apnea Patients and Position-Independent Sleep Apnea Patients.

Jae Hyuk CHOI ; Hyun Uk JANG ; Tae Hoon KIM ; Da Jung JUNG ; Jun Ho SEOK ; Jung Soo KIM

Journal of Rhinology.2011;18(1):53-58.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to compare polysomnography (PSG) data and upper airway morphology between a position-dependent sleep apnea (PDSA) group and a position-independent sleep apnea (PISA) group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis into which 58 patients who were evaluated with overnight polysomnography, lateral cephalometry, and multidetector computed tomography (MD-CT, spiral CT scan) to diagnosis obstructive sleep apnea were enrolled. The patients were divided in two groups: the PDSA group who had a supine apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) that was at least two times higher than the non-supine AHI and the PISA group in whom the AHI in the supine position was less than twice that in the lateral position. Twelve cephalometric variables were measured. MD-CT measurements were evaluated in four neck levels from the hard palate to the top of the epiglottis. Minimal cross-sectional area (mCSA) and collapsibility index (CI) were calculated at each level. RESULTS: AHI was significantly higher in the PISA compared with PDSA. None of the cephalomeric measurements were significantly different between the two groups. In the MD-CT measurements, the mCSA of the low retropalate area (LRP) in the awake state was significantly lower in the PISA group compared to that in the PDSA group. In the sleep state, the CI was significantly higher in the high and low retroglossal areas (HRG and LRG) in the PISA compared to those in the PDSA group. CONCLUSION: In the supine position, PISA had increased collapsibility at the levels of the HRG and LRG during sleep compared to those in PDSA. In the future, a further evaluation with MD-CT in a non-supine position is needed.
Cephalometry ; Epiglottis ; Humans ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Neck ; Palate, Hard ; Polysomnography ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Supine Position ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

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Effects of Septal Deviation on Symptom Change and Results of the Nasal Provocation Test according to Bilateral Acoustic Rhinometry in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis.

Young Hyo KIM ; Tae Young JANG

Journal of Rhinology.2011;18(1):48-52.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the effects of septal deviation on patient symptoms and acoustic rhinometry measurements in patients with allergic rhinitis and to determine which side of the septum is the better choice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The bilateral nasal provocation test with acoustic rhinometry was performed on patients with septal deviation and allergic rhinitis (Group A, n=25) and in patients with allergic rhinitis alone (Group B, n=26). Fifteen to 60 minutes after provocation, the change in symptoms as measured by the visual analogue scale, the change in total nasal volume (TNV) and minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) were compared between the concave and convex septal sides. The degrees of change in TNV and MCA were also compared between the groups. RESULTS: Group A had higher basal values and more changes in nasal obstruction than did Group B. Changes in TNV and MCA were most prominent after 30 minutes on both sides, without significant differences. By summing the sides together, we were able to obtain more stable results without paradoxical increase. CONCLUSION: Septal deviation itself has little effect on the result of nasal provocation in patients with allergic rhinitis. By summing the parameters of acoustic rhinometry from both nasal cavities, clinicians can achieve more stable results.
Acoustics ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nasal Provocation Tests ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Rhinometry, Acoustic

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Clinical Features and Treatment Results of 64 Cases of Nasolabial Cyst.

Dong Hwan LEE ; Ji Heui KIM ; Yoo Sam CHUNG ; Yong Ju JANG ; Bong Jae LEE

Journal of Rhinology.2011;18(1):43-47.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nasolabial cysts are relatively rare and are sometimes confused with tumors due to progressive enlargement. Treatment of a nasolabial cyst consists of sublabial excision or endonasal endoscopic marsupialization (EEM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features of nasolabial cysts in order to provide a basis for correct diagnosis and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients with a nasolabial cyst were surgically treated between December, 1989 and January, 2010 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center. Their clinical features, radiologic and histopathologic findings, and treatment and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The patients comprised 51 (80%) women and 13 men (20%), with ages ranging from 16 to 69 years with a mean of 43 years. Swelling of the nasolabial fold was the most frequently experienced symptom. There was no right or left side preponderance. Sublabial excision was applied in 57 cases (89%), while seven cases (11%) were treated via the endonasal approach. There was no case of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Nasolabial cysts should be suspected in patients with swelling of the nasolabial area and nasal obstruction. Enhanced CT may be needed to differentiate from tumors, odontogenic cysts, or other inflammatory lesions. Nasolabial cysts can be successfully treated via sublabial or endonasal approaches. Postoperative complications or recurrence is very rare.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nasolabial Fold ; Nose ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Otolaryngology ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

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Effects of Nasal Instillation of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B on Nasal and Bronchial Mucosa in BALB/c Mouse.

Soung Yong JIN ; Eung Hyup KIM ; Gun Ho LEE ; Yeong Kyu PARK ; Yong Min KIM ; Ki Sang RHA

Journal of Rhinology.2011;18(1):35-42.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effect of nasal exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxin in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis remains controversial. We sought to determine the effect of increasing doses of intranasally applied Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) on the respiratory mucosa, especially the nasal mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nasal application of SEB was performed on four occasions (days 0-4-8-12) in unsensitized BALB/c mice. Control mice were intranasally treated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and 5 ng, 50 ng, 500 ng, and 5 microg of SEB was applied to the respective experimental group. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-gamma in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and serum were compared among groups. Also, the counts of total inflammatory cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils in BALF and NLF were compared among the groups. Pathologic studies for inflammatory cell infiltration in the nasal mucosa and peribronchial area were conducted. RESULTS: IL-4 and IFN-gamma showed higher concentrations with increasing stimulation dose of SEB in NLF and serum. The IL-5 concentration showed a tendency to increase in NLF and serum, but these changes were not statistically significant. Total inflammatory cell count, especially macrophage count, in BALF and NLF was higher with increasing stimulation dose of SEB. Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the nasal mucosa showed a tendency to increase in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that nasal exposure to SEB may induce Th1 and Th2 inflammatory responses in the respiratory mucosa, especially the nasal mucosa.
Animals ; Basophils ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Cell Count ; Enterotoxins ; Eosinophils ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-5 ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Mucous Membrane ; Nasal Lavage Fluid ; Nasal Mucosa ; Neutrophils ; Respiratory Mucosa ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Staphylococcus aureus

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