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Combination of mouse nerve growth factor and mecobalamin in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation patients with foot drop

Hong LIN ; Yun-Qi JIANG ; Chao LI ; Yi-Qun MA ; Xi-Lei LI ; Xiao-Gang ZHOU ; Jian DONG

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(9):936-939. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.09.016

Objective To investigate the effect of mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) on treatment of patients with lumbar disc hemiation combined with foot drop.Methods The clinical data of 76 patients suffering from lumbar disc herniation combined with foot drop,admitted to our hospital from January 2008 and June 2011,were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to the postoperative treatments; in particular,one group of 36 patients was treated with a combination of mNGF and methylcobalamin (Group C),whereas the other group of 40 patients was treated with methylcobalamin alone (Group A).The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and the recovery of neurological function among these patients at 1,4 and 12 weeks,and 12 months after surgery were recorded and compared.Results The follow-up duration ranged from 12 to 54 months (mean 24.8 months).For both groups,patients'VAS scores at observation each time point were lower than their VAS scores prior to treatment (P＜0.05); moreover,the VAS scores of Group C were significantly lower than Group A at every time point (P＜0.05).Higher effective rates of sensory improvement were observed in Group C than those in in Group A and exhibited statistically significant differences at each time point (P＜0.05).The effective rate of muscular strength improvement of the two groups didn't differ significantly at 1 week after surgery (P＞0.05) but exhibited statistically significant differences at subsequent time points (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Application of mNGF in combination with methylcobalamin promotes the recovery of neurological function in patients suffering from lumbar disc herniation with foot drop.

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Comparative analysis of treatment efficacy of different methods on multiple segmental adult cervical spinal cord injury without fracture dislocation

Guang-Quan ZHANG ; Ke LIU ; Yan-Zheng GAO ; Shu-Lian CHEN ; Kun GAO ; Yong-Qiang ZHAO ; Zong-Yan GAO

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(9):940-943. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.09.017

Objective To investigate the treatment effects of operation and nerve growth factor on adult multisegmental cervical spinal cord injury without fracture dislocation.Methods Sixty-eight patients with multiple segmental cervical spinal cord injury without fracture dislocation,admitted to our hospital from January 2004 to May 2011,were chosen in our study; according to the will of the patients,18 patients received conservative treatment (group A),25 patients were treated by posterior single open-door laminoplasty (group B) and the other 25 patients were treated with posterior single open-door laminoplasty combined with nerve growth factor (group C,once daily for 4 weeks); their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Follow up was performed at 3,6 and 12 months after the treatments;Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale was employed to evaluate the clinical efficacy.Results Three,6,12 months after the treatments,the JOA scale scores were statistically different among the three groups (P＜0.05); the scores in group B and C were significantly higher than those in group A at all time points (P＜0.05); 6 and 12 months after the treatmemts,the JOA scale scores in group C were significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).Conclusion To patients with multisegmental cervical spinal cord injury without fracture dislocation,conservative treatment can make the spinal cord function partially restored,but the effect is limited; exogenous nerve growth factor has good repairing effect on spinal cord injury.

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Endovascular management of intradural hemorrhage vertebral artery dissection with guglielmi detachable coils and mechanical coils

Rui XU ; Tong SU ; Xin LIU ; Jian-Long LI ; Feng XIONG ; Wei DING

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(9):947-949. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.09.019

Objective To study the endovascular management of intradural hemorrhage spontaneous vertebral artery dissection (SVAD) with guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs) and mechanical coils,and explore its therapeutic effect.Methods Four patients with defined intradural hemorrhage SVAD by DSA,admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to December 2011,were chosen in our study;SVAD in 4 patients located in the proximate posterior inferior cerebellar artery.Endovascular management was adopted by evaluating their medical imaging and clinical data.The aneurysms were filled with GDCs,and the parent arteries were performed embolism with mechanical coils.Results No patient died; no aneurysms ruptured and no other severity complications happened during operation.Postoperative angiography showed complete occlusion of SVAD in 4 cases.No rehemorrhagia or ischemia happened during the 6-36 months of follow up.Conclusion Endovascular intervention with GDCs and mechanical coils is a safe and efficacious method for intradural hemorrhage SVAD,which can not only decrease the ratio ofrebleeding,but decrease the surgery cost as well.

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Lateral supraorbital approach applied to microsurgery of anterior circulation aneurysms at acute phase

Gang CHEN ; Zheng-Lou CHEN ; Wan-Chun YOU ; Zhong WANG

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(9):950-952. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.09.020

Objective To analyze the clinical practice ofmicrosurgical operation in intracranial ruptured aneurysms of anterior circulation via lateral supraorbital approach and pterional approach.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 74 patients with intracranial ruptured aneurysms of anterior circulation,admitted to our hospital from June 2011 to December 2011;38 patients were assigned to neurosurgical treatment via lateral supraorbital approach,while the other 36 were performed neurosurgical treatment via pterional approach.Statistical analysis was performed on the clinical data.Results In the patients performed neurosurgical treatment via lateral supraorbital approach,the average operation time was (142±32) min,average length of incision was (9.2± 1.5) cm,and the mean hospital stay was (11.9±4.3) d.Two months after discharge,33 got recovery and 5 had light disability; no severe disability or PVS was observed.No significant difference was noted in good recovery rate and clipping success rate between the two group patients (P＞0.05),but significant differences were observed in the operation time,length of incisions,and mean hospital stay between the two group patients (P＜0.05).Conclusion Neurosurgical treatment via lateral supraorbital approach is a safe and mini-invasive method for intracranial ruptured aneurysms of anterior circulation,which is more suitable for extensive promotion.

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Clinical manifestations and MR imaging characteristics of hypertrophic olivary degeneration

Kun ZAN ; Xin LI ; Jie ZU ; Gui-Yun CUI

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(9):953-955. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.09.021

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and MRI characteristics of hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) to improve our knowledge for this disease and reduce misdiagnosis.Methods Twelve patients with HOD,admitted to our hospital from 2009 to 2012,were chosen in our study; their clinical data,including onset age,protopathy and other clinical manifestations,and imaging data,including SE sequence axial T1WI,T2WI and FLAIR fast spin-echo imaging,were analyzed.Results The protopathy in these 12 patients included pontine hemorrhage in 5,cerebellar infarction in 3,cerebral hemorrhage in 2,midbrain infarction in 1 and surgery for cerebellar tumor in 1.The main clinical symptoms included palatal myoclonus in 7,ataxia in 6,ocular myoclonus in 5,glossolalia in 3,diplopia in 2 and extremity tremor in 2.The region of inferior olivary nucleus (ION)presented high intensity on T2WI and iso-or mild hypointensity on T1WI in all 12 patients.Bilateral ION showed high signals in 5 in FLAIR; enlargement of the ION in 11 patients were noted.Conclusions HOD is a pathological phenomenon that occurs after injury to the dentato-olivary pathway.Its hallmarks include hypertrophy of the olive with increased T2 signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging,and it often manifests with oculopalatal myoclonus clinically.

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Effect of nicotimamide monouncleotide adenylyl transferase 1 gene on vitality of cultured mouse neurons

Hong ZHAO ; Dong-Ling SUN ; Mei-Ling XU ; Jing-Yu ZHANG ; Dan-Dan HE

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(10):973-975. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.10.001

Objective To evaluate the effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 1 (NMNA T1) gene on vitality of cultured mouse neurons.Methods Culture of primary mouse neurons in vitro was set up and the neurons were divided into normal control group,NMNA T1 over-expression group and knocking down of NMNA T1 by RNA interference group; the expression level of NMNA T1 in the three groups were detected,and then the vitality of neurons was tested by MTT assay.Results As compared with that in the normal control group,the NMNA T1 over-expression group had increased neuronal vitality,while knocking down of NMNA T1 by RNA interference group had decreased neuronal vitality in vitro,with significant differences (P=0.025,P=0.027).Conclusion There is a novel role for NMNA T1 in the morphogenesis of developing neurons,which indicates that the loss of function of NMNA T1 may contribute to different neurodegenerative disorders in central nervous system.

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Survival and differentiation of extrinsic neural stem cells being transplanted into goats' brain cortices

Gang PENG ; Jian-Hong ZHU ; Jin-Ning LIU ; Qi-Sheng TANG

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(10):976-979. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.10.002

Objective To research the survival and differentiation of neural stem cells being transplanted into goats' brain cortices.Methods We transplanted the neural stem cells marked by green fluorescence protein (GFP) or saline into the surrounding areas of brain contusion and laceration areas of goat's models by surgical intervention.Then,the survival and differentiation of neural stem cells being transplanted into goats' brain were observed one month later with the method of immtmohistochemistry by detecting the specific markers of neurons,astrocytes and oligodendrocytes:microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2),glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and oligodendrocyte marker protein 01 (O1).Results Neural stem cells survived well in the goats' brain,and differentiated into three types of cells:neurons,astrocytes and oligodendrcytes; and these cells mainly expressed MAP2 and GFAP.Conclusion Neural stem cells can survival,immigrate and different well in the transplanted brains.

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Effect of FoxM1 inhibitor thiostrepton on CDDP chemosensitivity in medulloblastoma Daoy cells

Yi-Peng ZHENG ; Kun CHEN ; Yuan-Jun HU ; Jia-Ping LIN

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(10):986-989. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.10.004

Objective To investigate the effects of FoxM 1 inhibition by thiostrepton on CDDP chemosensitivity in medulloblastoma Daoy cells.Methods Medulloblastoma Daoy cells were cultured in vitro; the inhibitory rates of Daoy cells after the treatments of 1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2,3,5 μmol/L thiostrepton (thiostrepton treatment groups),or 1,2,3,4,5,10,20 and 40 μmol/L CDDP (CDDP treatment groups) or 1 μmol/L thiostrepton combined with 1,2,3,4,5,10,20 and 40 μmol/L cDDP (combination treatment groups) were evaluated by CCK8 assay,and the interaction between thiostrepton and cDDP was analyzed by means of Jin's formulatin.According to the analysis results,Daoy cells were treated with thiostrepton (1 μmol/L) and CDDP (3 μmol/L) combination or either drug alone for 24 h,and then,flow cytometry was used to observe the changes of apoptosis; Western blotting was employed to detect the expressions of FoxM1 and apoptosis-relating proteins of bcl-2,bax,caspase 3 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP).Results Thiostrepton and cDDP used alone could inhibit the proliferation of Daoy cells,and there was simple addition or synergistic effect after combined treatment (1,2,3,4 and 5 μmol/L cDDP and thiostrepton).Flow cytometric analysis showed that the apoptosis rate of thiostrepton treatment groups and CDDP treatment groups was significantly higher than that of control groups,while that of combination treatment groups was significantly higher than that of thiostrepton treatment groups and CDDP treatment groups (P＜0.05).Western blotting indicated that the FoxMl expression level in the combination treatment groups and thiostrepton treatment groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05); as compared with that in the thiostrepton treatment groups and CDDP treatment groups,the bcl-2 protein level was significantly lower in the combination treatment groups,while Bax,caspase 3 and PARP protein expressions were significantly increased (P＜0.05).Conclusion Thiostrepton acts synergistically with cDDP in low concentration,and its mechanism may involve in inhibiting FoxM 1 expression,and then,enhancing cDDP-induced apoptosis.

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Experimental research of Fucong Tang improving learning and memory abilities in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease

Wei ZHANG ; Guang-Qing LI ; Pei-Jun WANG ; Yue WANG

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(10):990-993. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.10.005

Objective To investigate the effect of Fucong Tang on learning and memory abilities in A PP/PS1 double transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods A total of 20 9-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly divided into two groups:one group receiving Fucong Tang 1 mL/d for 8 weeks (Fucong Tang treatment group) and the other group receiving distilled water treatment.The spatial learning and memory abilities of AD mice were tested with Morris water maze,and Aβ plaques were observed by Aβ+GFAP double immunofluorescence staining,the expression of N-methyl-aspartate (NMDA) receptors subunit 2B (NR2B) by immunohistochemistry,and synapses in CA1 by electron microscopy.Results The 1-4 d escape latency of the Fucong Tang treatment group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P＜0.005); the time spent in the target quadrants and the frequency of crossing the original platform in the Fucong Tang treatment group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The average optical density of positive NR2B in the Fucong Tang treatment group was higher that of the control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,Aβ plaques volume and the surrounding activated astrocytes reduced in the Fucong Tang treatment group,while there still presented more compact Aβ plaques and more activated astrocytes in the control group.The damage of synapses of Fucong Tang treatment group presented alleviated.Conclusion Fucong Tang could improve the learning and memory abilities of AD mice by reducing compact Aβ plaques and alleviating associated toxic effects on neurons,and further promoting the expression of NR2B and improving synapse structure.

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Involvement of Th17 cells in neuroinflammation of Parkinson's disease

Na ZHANG ; Kai-Fu KE ; Zhan LIU ; Yi-Hua QIU ; Yu-Ping PENG

Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine.2013;12(10):994-999. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-8925.2013.10.006

Objective To explore whether Th17 cells play a role in the neuroinflammatory process of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to induce PD models.Saline-injected and naive mice were used as controls.In substantia nigra compact (SNc) part,double-immunofluorescence staining was used to observe glucose transporter (Glut 1+) and CD4+ T cells or retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptor γt (ROR γt) and intedeukin (IL)-17.Real-time PCR was employed to examine the mRNA expressions ofIL-17 and IL-22 in the SNc.Results PD models were successfully induced in the mice; CD4+ T cells invaded into the brain parenchyma of PD mice models.Besides,the mount of CD4+ T cells on the seventh day of MPTP injection was more than that of the second day of MPTP injection.The expressions ofROR γt and IL-17 increased in the SNc of the PD mice; a co-localization ofROR γt and IL-17 in SNc indicated that invasive CD4+ T cells contained Thl7 cells.There was evident up-regulation in the expressions ofIL-17 and IL-22 mRNAs in PD mice as compared with the saline-injected or intact mice,which was much more evident in the late phase of disease (the seventh day of MPTP) than in the early stage (the second day of MPTP injection).Conclusion Neuroinflammation induced by infiltration of Th17 cells participates in the process of PD.

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