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The Utilization Rates and Predictors of Dementia Care Services of Low-Income Patients in One Community Based Dementia Care Center.

Dae Jong OH ; Hyeon Ju PARK ; Jin Ah SIN ; Mi Sun KIM ; Jun Young LEE

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2014;18(1):32-38.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the utilization rates and predictors of dementia care services. METHODS: We recruited 66 low-income elderly patients who were registered to one community based dementia care center. The care services were composed of hygiene care items supply, nurse visiting service, education programs for caregivers and patients, and global positioning system (GPS) or identification tags supply. Service use prediction was evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Use rate of hygiene care items supply was higher than others [44 of 66 (66.67%)]. The patients who lived with family had used more care items than who lived alone [odds ratio (OR), 3.43 ; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.73 to 5.54]. The patients who had comorbid conditions used more hygiene care items than who had not (OR 2.50 ; 95% CI, 1.35 to 3.78). In participants with the higher education level, the higher use rate of education program was predicted (OR 1.14 ; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.28). CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that living-alone and low education should be overcome for providing more effective dementia care services to low-income patients.
Aged ; Caregivers ; Dementia* ; Education ; Geographic Information Systems ; Health Services for the Aged ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Logistic Models ; Mental Health Services

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Depression and Socio-Demographic Characteristics Associated with Quality of Life in the Community-Dwelling Elderly Living Alone.

Sung Won YOO ; Sang Joon SON ; Hwallip BAE ; So Dahm KOOK ; Hyun Soo KIM

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2014;18(1):26-31.

OBJECTIVE: This study is to suggest the plans for improving the quality of lives of the solitary old people by evaluating the effects of depression, social supports, and activity of daily living to the quality of life. METHODS: The subjects of this research were 329 elderly people who lived alone in Gangseo-gu, Seoul, Korea. They were recruited and underwent the questionnaire including their sociodemographic data, Activities of Daily Living/Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL/IADL) and the Korean version of the Short Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-K). Statistical analyses including Pearson's correlation test, multiple regression were performed in this study. RESULTS: They were composed of 83.6% females and 16.4% males and almost age was between 70 and 84 years old. House welfare availability (p<0.05), subjective economic status (p<0.05), and SGDS-K score (p<0.01) had a negative correlation with Quality of life. Multiple regression analysis revealed that Quality of life correlates to SGDS-K score (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The quality of life of elderly living alone was related with depression. Early detection and management for depression may need to be considered for quality of life of community dwelling elderly living alone.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged* ; Depression* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul

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Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation in Korean Elderly Living Alone ; Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics.

Jae Won LEE ; Sang Joon SON ; Hwallip BAE ; So Dahm KOOK ; Hyun Soo KIM

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2014;18(1):19-25.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between suicidal ideation and the associated with sociodemographic and clinical factors in community dwelling, elderly living alone in Korea. METHODS: A total of the 329 community-dwelling elderly aged 65 years or older who lived alone were recruited and they underwent the questionnaire including their sociodemographic data, Activities of Daily Living/Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL/IADL) and the Korean version of the Short Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-K). Suicidal ideation was evaluated by using the "suicidal thought" item of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS: According to the result of our sample of elderly living alone, 22.8% of the subjects reported their suicidal ideation. ADL/IADL score (p<0.01), subjective economic status (p<0.05), and subjective health status (p<0.05) had a negative correlation with suicidal ideation. SGDS-K score (p<0.05) had positive correlations with suicidal ideation. Multiple regression analysis revealed that suicidal ideation correlates to ADL/IADL score (p=0.025). CONCLUSION: This study exhibit that ADL/IADL is significantly associated with suicidal ideation.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged* ; Depression ; Humans ; Korea ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Suicidal Ideation* ; Suicide

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The Relationship between Identity and Mental Health for Successful Aging in Old-Aged Women.

Il Bin KIM ; Dong Hyun AHN

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2014;18(1):9-18.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explain what the relationship is between identity and psychological well-being and how these are related to successful aging of old-aged women. METHODS: The subjects were thirty females above 60 years old in the first study where we interviewed each ten subjects for 2 hours in three groups. In the second study we surveyed 320 old-aged men and women by questionnaire for about 15 minutes. RESULTS: From focus-group interview we found the freedom from everything in life was perceived as an important change in old-aged women. But their identity was mainly derived from family relationship in aspects of economy and/or care of their grandson/-daughter. The results from analyses of questionnaire survey (n=320) were as follows ; first, women were more positive than men (female 63.1% versus male 56.5%) in the evaluation of their past life. Second, women were also more positive (female 23.7% versus male 15.2%) in the expectation for the future. Third, the successful aging had positive relationships with acceptance for aging, cohabitation with family members, income, female gender and age (65-69 years) ; and negative relationships with stress and loneliness/depression, but no relationships with decreased memory and poor sleep. CONCLUSION: We concluded that identity for the successful aging in old-aged women is mainly derived from family relationship.
Aging* ; Family Relations ; Female ; Freedom ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Mental Health* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

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Group Differences in Subjective Memory Complaint Content: Late Life Depression and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Eun Yi CHO ; Jun Young LEE ; Ah Young LIM ; Jung Hae YOUN

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2014;18(1):1-8.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the group differences in contents of subjective memory problem and objective cognitive functions in late life depression and mild cognitive impairment. METHODS: 40 participants were classified into three groups [normal, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and depression]. Differences in subjective memory complaints were examined using the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire. And the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease-Korean version neuropsychological assessment battery results were used for evaluating objective cognitive functions. Group differences were analyzed ANCOVA analysis. RESULTS: In post-hoc analysis, the questions "Do you fail to recognize a character in a radio or television show from scene to scene?" and "Do you forget something that you told a few minute before?" were significantly able to discriminate between the MCI and normal groups. In post-hoc analysis, late life depression group showed significantly higher score on the question "Do you intend to take something with you, before leaving a room or going out, but minutes later leave it behind, even though it's there in front of you?". CONCLUSION: The result demonstrates the presence of differences in the contents of subjective memory complaints according to groups. Subjectively reported memory complaints in MCI group are related to deficits in learning new information. In late life depression, memory complaints are more related to difficulty in executive functions.
Depression* ; Executive Function ; Learning ; Memory* ; Mild Cognitive Impairment* ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Self Report ; Television

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Voxel-Based Morphometry Study of Neurodegenerative Disease with Abnormal Eating Behaviors.

Hyun KIM ; Kang Joon LEE ; Bruce L MILLER

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2010;14(2):104-110.

OBJECTIVES: The abnormal eating behaviors are revealed in neurodegenerative disease, especially frontotemporal dementia. Several studies have demonstrated that structural changes are related to functional changes in regulation of feeding. But areas in determining eating disorder in dementia remain unclear. We applied voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to assess brain tissue abnormalities in neurodegenerative patients with abnormal eating behaviors. METHODS: We assessed abnormal eating behaviors of sixty three patients with dementia using the modified Manchester Behavior Questionnaire. Volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed in all patients and gray matter changes were assessed using VBM. RESULTS: Dementia patients with eating problems showed gray matter loss predominantly involving right insula, right anterior cingulate, right superior medial frontal cortex, right orbitofrontal cortex. Overeats scores were associated with atrophy of right anterior cingulate, right superior orbitofrontal cortex, right superior medial frontal cortex, right insula, and right putamen. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that right orbitofrontal cortex, insula, anterior cingulate, striatum regions integrate sensory and motivational information regarding food. The dementia patients with abnormal eating behaviors may be explained by disruption of this integrating system.

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Trends in Anger and Aggression Across the Life Span in Korean Population.

Jae Sang PARK ; Chae Sung IM ; Tae Sung KIM ; Seong Keun WANG ; Ik Seung CHEE ; Jeong Lan KIM

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2010;14(2):97-103.

OBJECTIVES: This study was to investigate the trends in anger and aggression with aging in Korean population aged from twenties to eighties. METHODS: Two hundreds ninety-five subjects included, ranged 22 to 92 years old. All subject participate in a clinical interview with psychiatrists who use the MINI (Mini international Neuropsychiatric Interview) to diagnosis psychiatric disorders, and were not any psychiatric disorders. RESULTS: In elderly group, the scores of Trait anger, Anger expression, and totol of STAXI were higher than adult group, where as the scores of State anger of STAXI, Hostility of AQ, and Disturbances, Embarrassing, Unpleasant circumstances, and total of RI were higher in adult group. Trait anger and Anger expression were shown trends to increase with age. On the other hands, State anger, Hostility, and Reaction to external stimuli were shown trends to decrease with age. CONCLUSION: The reaction to anger situation and aggression decrease with age, although anger increase with age. Various factor, such as defense mechanism may affect on aggressive expression and response. There will be needed to investigate associated factors between anger and aggression.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

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The Utility of Korean Version of the WHO Five Well-Being Index in Evaluating Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life in the Aged Dwelling in Community.

Hyun Ji KIM ; Yoo Sun MOON ; Bong Ki SON ; Sang Kyu LEE ; Hyun Jin RHO ; Do Hoon KIM

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2010;14(2):90-96.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recently the number of geriatric depressed people has been increasing tremendously. Among many factors affecting depression, quality of life seems to be closely related to depression. Thus, a screening tool for assessing both geriatric depression and quality of life is needed. The purpose of this study is to estimate the utility of the Korean version of the WHO-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in evaluating geriatric depression as compared with SGDS-K (Short Geriatric Depression Scale of Korean version) that is being used widely and quality of life. METHODS: A sample of 244 subjects over 65-year old living in Yanggu and Inje area in Gangwon Province, Korea were interviewed and responded to scales, including WHO-5, SGDS-K, MMSE-KC (Mini Mental Status Examination in the Korean version of the CERAD assessment packet) and GQOL-D (Geriatric Quality of Life-Dementia). The total score of WHO-5 below 13 indicates low well-being. RESULTS: The WHO-5 inversely correlated with SGDS-K and positively with GQOL-D, but showed no significant correlation with MMSE-KC. The SGDS-K negatively correlated with WHO-5, MMSE-KC, and GQOL-D. Low well-being group (WHO-5 score<13) had lower GQOL-D score (t=1.9698, p<0.05) and higher SGDS-K score (t=1.9798, p<0.05) than high well-being group. In multiple regression analysis, WHO-5 was significantly associated with GQOL-D and SGDS-K (r2=0.29422, p=0.0000). CONCLUSION: The Korean version of WHO-5 was very useful to evaluate both depressive symptoms and quality of life in the aged dwelling in community.

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Hong Beom SHIN

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2010;14(2):86-89.

Sleep-related breathing disorder in the elderly is common but not diagnosed and treated properly. Sleep apnea in the elderly differs from that in young adults and does not show overt sign of it such as snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. Co morbidities of elderly patients make it difficult to diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnea. Untreated sleep-related breathing disorders can cause cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment and dementia. Sleep-related breathing disorder is diagnosed with thorough history taking and polysomnography. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is treatment of choice for sleep apnea in elderly. When patient failed to adapt in CPAP, oral appliance or surgical approach can be considered.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

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The Diagnosis and Management for REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Yu Jin LEE ; Seong Jin CHO

Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry.2010;14(2):81-85.

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by violent behaviors during sleep, related to loss of REM sleep atonia and enactment of dreams. In this article, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of RBD will be reviewed. In the next section, recent studies on relationships between associated neurodegenerative disorders and RBD will be discussed. Clinical implications of idiopathic RBD to potential neurologic disorders, especially synucleinopathy will be presented.

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