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Assessment on the effectiveness of communication between Radiographers and Patients during general Radiographic Examinations at Port Moresby General Hospital, Papua New Guinea

Alvin Mokavelaga ; Ruth Pape

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2021;22(1):13-24.

Patient communication is highly regarded as one of the basis of health care and an important part of practice in the application of radiographic procedures. Good communication is necessary in medical imaging if optimum diagnostic images are to be achieved. This study is a prospective assessment on the effectiveness of communication among radiographers and patients during general radiographic procedures at the Port Moresby General Hospital (PMGH). Questionnaires were administered to 100 patients and 15 radiographers using a quantitative approach for data collection. Informed consent was obtained from each of the participants, after obtaining ethical clearance from the authorities. The responses in the questionnaires were recorded in Excel Spread sheet. The data was statistically analysed using Microsoft Excel 2013. A majority (78%) of the patients reported that there were no communication problems while more than half (57%) expressed satisfaction with the radiographic services that were provided. A majority (67%) of radiographers reported that language barrier was the cause of communication problems during radiographic procedures. The result indicated that although there was communication between radiographers and patients, the most common factor affecting effective communication was language barrier.

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The influence of adolescents perceived family function on the use of social media as a means to solving life problems

Tosin A. Agbesanwa

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2021;22(1):25-36.

The challenges of the adolescents range from health-related ones to antisocial behaviors. When family support is poor, an adolescent is confronted with seeking help from many sources including the social media with many unguided information. This study aims to assess the influence of perceived family functionality on where adolescents seek for solution to problems affecting their life. A descriptive cross- sectional study of 287 adolescents selected over 3 months‘ period through systematic random sampling using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Majority of the respondents were from highly functional families (71.5%). Discussing their divergent view of religion was the commonest life problem reported (65.2%). Severely dysfunctional family was significantly associated (p<0.05) with uncertainty about their future, incongruous religious views from the family and substance abuse. Respondents from severely dysfunctional family significantly (p<0.05) sought solutions for goals setting, parental expectation, substance abuse and academic problems from the internet. Functional family setting has a protective role on adolescents‘ management of their peculiar life challenges. Including family counselling to the evaluation of adolescents and their parents by clinician will help adolescents quest for solutions to their life problems.

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices of caregivers of patients with Schizophrenia in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

Maluo Magaru

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2012;10(1):12-27.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of adult caregivers of schizophrenia patients in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the required data from consented caregivers accompanying the schizophrenia patients attending the consultation clinic at Port Moresby General Hospital (PMGH). Focus Group Discussion was held with consented caregivers of schizophrenia patients admitted in the Psychiatric ward of PMGH. A convenient sample of 79 caregivers with patients was selected for this study. Consents were obtained from 40 caregivers, which give a response rate of 50.6%. Most of the caregivers (75.0%) had no prior knowledge about schizophrenia; they became aware about schizophrenia from experience with their patients. The fathers (35.0%) and mothers (22.5%) were the major caregivers for the patients. Most of the caregivers indicated that the health workers did not give them adequate education about schizophrenia. Marijuana (47.5%) and psychosocial problems (45.0%) were the two major causes of schizophrenia indicated by the caregivers. Caregivers considered medical intervention to be the most important, but they also advocated supportive interventions such as church activities and family support. Most of the caregivers accepted their patients as part of the family and considered it their responsibility (52.5%) to care for them, and preferably to administer treatment at home (52.5%); the exception being during severely aggressive episodes. Financial problem was one of the factors that impacted negatively on follow-up of patients. Increased access to services and health education is recommended to further enhance the care of schizophrenia patients in Port Moresby, PNG.

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Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy- A Case Report

Umona Pal ; Shruthi Hegde

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2012;10(1):35-41.

Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy, also known as Parry-Romberg Syndrome, is an uncommon degenerative and poorly understood condition. It is characterized by a slow and progressive atrophy affecting mostly one side of the face along with ophthalmic and neurological complications. The disease is said to overlap with linear scleroderma. No dearth of speculation has been unturned to find the causative agent since it was first described. A case report of 35 years old, female is presented.

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Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy- A Case Report

Umona Pal

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2012;10(1):35-41.

Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy, also known as Parry-Romberg Syndrome, is an uncommon degenerative and poorly understood condition. It is characterized by a slow and progressive atrophy affecting mostly one side of the face along with ophthalmic and neurological complications. The disease is said to overlap with linear scleroderma. No dearth of speculation has been unturned to find the causative agent since it was first described. A case report of 35 years old, female is presented.

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Double jaw surgery – a modified surgical approach to treat skeletal class II

Meena Vora ; Punam Nagargoje ; Maggi Vettiyatil ; K. V. Suresh ; M. I. Parkar ; C. D. Mouneshkumar

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2018;18(1):52-55.

Patients with mandibular deficiency and skeletal class II malocclusions exhibit a wide spectrum of esthetic, cephalometric, and occlusal characteristics. The structure of chin determines facial attractiveness and is directly linked to a quality of life. Correction of dentoalveolar protrusion of maxilla is done by anterior maxillary subapical osteotomy by which anterior segment can be moved superiorly or inferiorly and posteriorly as indicated. Augmentation genioplasty is advocated to improve the overall facial esthetics of patient with mandibular deficiency. In skeletal class II malocclusions cases best results are obtained with double jaw surgery combined with the orthodontic treatment. This is a case report of skeletal class II malocclusion with mandibular deficiency and protruded maxilla in 22 year old female patient who was treated surgically by anterior maxillary subapical osteotomy and augmentation genioplasty along with the orthodontic treatment

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A rare case of Nonsyndromic Oligodontia with Ankyloglossia

Reshma Suvarna ; Prasanna Kumar Rao ; Raghavendra Kini ; Devika Shetty ; Vidya Holla

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2018;18(1):56-60.

Agenesis of teeth and ankyloglossia are common human developmental anomalies. Terms like Oligodontia, Anodontia and Hypodontia are used to describe agenesis of teeth. Oligodontia is a rare condition generally defined as agenesis of six or more teeth excluding the third molars. The condition is not frequently documented in Indian children. There is no much documentation on oligodontia with ankylogossia. Ankyloglossia can adversely affect the development of the surrounding structures including the alveolar process, teeth and can impair functions such as mastication, speech, and swallowing. The present article reports a rare case of non-syndromic oligodontia associated with ankyloglossia in an 8-year old male patient. Oligodontia is a relatively rare condition affecting 0.1-0.2% of the population. Our present case is even rare because of its association with ankyloglossia

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Temporal, buccal and masticator space infections in an immunocompromised patient: report on a rare case

Chaitra Kalkur ; Atul P. Sattur ; Venkatesh G. Naikmasur ; Anusha Rangare Lakshman ; Nilofer Halim

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2018;18(1):61-65.

AIDS” is a term used to describe the various clinical syndromes, specific opportunistic infections or malignancies that occur with HIV infection. Oral manifestations are common in people with HIV infection. .Oral lesions may be due to decline in immune function. Hence patients with AIDS are subjected to recurrent, Life threatening opportunistic infection. Here is a case report of a 70 year old female who presented with right buccal, masticator and submandibular space infection. A routine blood test reveals seropositivity positive for HIV infection. She was treated with antibiotics and underwent an incision and drainage following hospitalization

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Fanconi’s Anemia:

Shaul K. Hameed, ; Laxmikanth Chatra ; Prashanth Shenai

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2018;18(1):66-70.

Fanconi’s Anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia,diverse congenital malformations which include skeletal malformations, hyperpigmentation, urogenital, renal and cardiac anomalies. We report a case of Fanconi anemia who presented with thrombocytopenia, bilateral hypoplastic thumbs, café-au-lait spots, with severe bleeding from the gingiva managed with platelet transfusion and extraction of the tooth was done

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Aqueous extract of sida acuta attenuates nicotine-induced cerebellar dysfunction in adult male rats

A. O. Oyewopo ; K. S. Olaniyi ; A. A. Oniyide ; B. T. Agunbiade ; O. M. Oyeleke

Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.2018;18(2):3-14.

Sida acuta (SA) has a variety of traditional uses spanning from its fresh root that is chewed for the treatment of dysentery to hot aqueous extract of dried plant orally administered as diuretic. The aqueous extract of the plant has antimicrobial, antimalarial, analgesic and antiplasmodial effects. This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of the aqueous extract of the leaves of SA in nicotine-induced cereballar dysfunction. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly separated into the following groups: Vehicle (received distilled water), Nicotine-treated (NIC-treated; received 1.0mg of Nicotine per kg of body weight), SA-treated (received 500mg/kg of body weight of aqueous extract of SA) and NIC+ SA-treated (received 1.0mg of Nicotine and 500mg of SA per kg body weight). The treatment lasted for 28 days and the administration was done daily by oral gavage. The body weight change was monitored using standard animal weighing balance; biochemical assay and cerebellar tissue histology were performed as previously described. The results showed increase in body weight gain and disruption of cytoarchitecture of the cerebellum in nicotine-treated group compared with vehicle-treated group. These alterations of cerebellar morphology may be associated with increased oxidative stress. However, concomitant administration of aqueous extract of SA during treatment with nicotine attenuated cerebellar disruption. The result indicated that administration of aqueous extract of the leaves of SA during treatment with nicotine preserves cerebellar function.

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