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Nutrition Therapy for Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy with Homozygous Mutation of the TYMP Gene.

Jing WANG ; Wei CHEN ; Fang WANG ; Dong WU ; Jiaming QIAN ; Junren KANG ; Hailong LI ; Enling MA

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):132-136. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.132

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE) is characterized by significant gastrointestinal dysmotility. Early and long-term nutritional therapy is highly recommended. We report a case of MNGIE in a patient who was undergoing long-term nutrition therapy. He was diagnosed with a serious symptom of fatty liver and hyperlipidemia complications, along with homozygous mutation of the thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP) gene (c.217G > A). To our knowledge, this is the first report of such a case. Herein, we describe preventive measures for the aforementioned complications and mitochondrial disease-specific nutritional therapy.
Fatty Liver ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Nutrition Therapy* ; Thymidine Phosphorylase

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Efficacy of Cistanche Tubulosa and Laminaria Japonica Extracts (MK-R7) Supplement in Preventing Patterned Hair Loss and Promoting Scalp Health.

Joon SEOK ; Tae Su KIM ; Hyun Jung KWON ; Sung Pyo LEE ; Myung Hwa KANG ; Beom Joon KIM ; Myeung Nam KIM

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):124-131. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.124

Cistanche tubulosa and Laminaria japonica have been reported to have anti-oxidative, anticoagulant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. They are expected to be a promising candidates for promoting hair growth and treating dandruff and scalp inflammation as a consequence. In this double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we investigated the efficacy of Cistanche tubulosa extract and Laminaria japonica extract complex (MK-R7) in promoting hair health in patients with mild to moderate patterned hair loss. Using phototrichogram (Folliscope 4.0, LeadM, Seoul, Korea), we compared the density and diameter of hairs in patients receiving a placebo or Cistanche tubulosa extract and Laminaria japonica extract complex (MK-R7) at baseline, 8 and 16 weeks of the study. In order to determine the efficacy of treatment on dandruff and scalp inflammation, investigator's assessment score and patient's subjective score were also performed. We found a statistically significant increase in the hair density of the test group (n = 45, MK-R7 400 mg) after 16 weeks of consuming the MK-R7 (test group: 23.29 n/cm2 +/- 24.26, control: 10.35 n/cm2 +/- 20.08, p < 0.05). In addition, we found a statistically significant increase in hair diameter in the test group compared to control group at week 16 (test group: 0.018 mm +/- 0.015, control: 0.003 mm +/- 0.013, p < 0.05). There were also significant outcomes regarding the investigator's visual assessment and patient's subjective score of dandruff and scalp inflammation in the test group compared to those in control group. Based on the results of this clinical study, we conclude that Cistanche tubulosa extract and Laminaria japonica extract complex (MK-R7) are promising substances for promoting health of the scalp and hair.
Cistanche* ; Dandruff ; Hair* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Laminaria* ; Scalp* ; Seoul

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Associations of Colorectal Cancer Incidence with Nutrient and Food Group Intakes in Korean Adults: A Case-Control Study.

Yu Jeong CHUN ; Seung Kook SOHN ; Hye Kyung SONG ; Song Mi LEE ; Young Hoon YOUN ; Seungmin LEE ; Hyojin PARK

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):110-123. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.110

This study aimed to examine the associations between intakes of various nutrients and food groups and colorectal cancer risk in a case-control study among Koreans aged 20 to 80 years. A total of 150 new cases and 116 controls were recruited with subjects' informed consent. Dietary data were collected using the food frequency questionnaire developed and validated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colorectal cancer incidence. High intakes of total lipid (OR(T3 vs T1) = 4.15, 95% CI: 1.33-12.96, p for trend = 0.034), saturated fatty acid (OR(T3 vs T1) = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.24-7.04, p for trend = 0.016) and monounsaturated fatty acid (OR(T3 vs T1) = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.23-7.54, p for trend = 0.018) were significantly associated with increased incidence of colorectal cancer. High dietary fiber (OR(T3 vs T1) = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08-0.56, p for trend = 0.002) and vitamin C (OR(T3 vs T1) = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14-1.05, p for trend = 0.021) intakes were significantly associated with reduced colorectal cancer incidence. From the food group analysis, bread (OR(T3 vs T1) = 2.26, 95% CI: 0.96-5.33, p for trend = 0.031), red meat (OR(T3 vs T1) = 7.33, 95% CI: 2.98-18.06, p for trend < 0.001), milk.dairy product (OR(T3 vs T1) = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.10-5.31, p for trend = 0.071) and beverage (OR(T3 vs T1) = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.35-7.48, p for trend = 0.002) intakes were positively associated with colorectal cancer risk. On the other hand, high intake of traditional rice cake (OR(T3 vs T1) = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14-0.86, p for trend = 0.024) was linked with lower colorectal cancer incidence. In conclusion, eating a diet high in total lipid, saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids is associated with higher incidence of colorectal cancer, whereas a diet high in dietary fiber and vitamin C was found to lower the incidence in Korean adults. Interestingly high traditional rice cake consumption is associated inversely with colorectal cancer incidence, warranting a future study.
Adult* ; Ascorbic Acid ; Beverages ; Bread ; Case-Control Studies* ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Diet ; Dietary Fiber ; Eating ; Fatty Acids ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Informed Consent ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Meat ; Odds Ratio ; Surveys and Questionnaires

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Weight Gain in Pregnancy, Maternal Age and Gestational Age in Relation to Fetal Macrosomia.

Yi LI ; Qi Fei LIU ; Dan ZHANG ; Ying SHEN ; Kui YE ; Han Lin LAI ; Hai Qing WANG ; Chuan Lai HU ; Qi Hong ZHAO ; Li LI

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):104-109. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.104

To investigate the possible risk factors related to macrosomia. Pregnant women and their newborns (n = 1041) were recruited from a cohort study in Maternal and Child Care Center of Hefei from January 2011 to July 2012. Questionnaires were applied to collect the demographic data besides the medical records. Detailed health records of the entire pregnancy were obtained using retrospective study. Meanwhile the data of neonatal outcomes was prospectively tracked. Associations between exposure risk factors and macrosomia were analyzed using Pearson's chi squared test. Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent association between these potential predictors and macrosomia. The incidence of macrosomia of this cohort was 11.24% of which male: female = 2.55:1. Male incidence (8.07%)of macrosomia was higher than female (3.17%), p < 0.001. Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy (pre-BMI), maternal height, parity were not independently associated with macrosomia; Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that macrosomia was mainly independently associated with weight gain in pregnancy (OR=1.14, 95% CI [1.10-1.19]), maternal age (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [1.03-1.15]) and gestational age (OR = 1.62, 95% CI [1.31-1.99]), respectively. Our findings indicate that weight gain in pregnancy, maternal age and gestational age should be considered as independent risk factors for macrosomia.
Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child Care ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Fetal Macrosomia* ; Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Maternal Age* ; Medical Records ; Parity ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Weight Gain* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

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Glycated Hemoglobin is a Better Predictor than Fasting Glucose for Cardiometabolic Risk in Non-diabetic Korean Women.

So Ra YOON ; Jae Hyang LEE ; Ga Yoon NA ; Yu Jeong SEO ; Seongho HAN ; Min Jeong SHIN ; Oh Yoen KIM

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):97-103. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.97

This study aimed to investigate if glycated hemoglobin (HgbA1C) as compared to fasting blood glucose is better for reflecting cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Korean women. Fasting glucose, HgbA1C and lipid profiles were measured in non-diabetic women without disease (n = 91). The relationships of fasting glucose or HgbA1C with anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, and liver and kidney functions were analyzed. Both fasting glucose and HgbA1C were negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.287, p = 0.006; r = -0.261, p = 0.012), and positively correlated with age (r = 0.202, p = 0.008; r = 0.221, p = 0.035), waist circumference (r = 0.296, p = 0.005; r = 0.304, p = 0.004), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = 0.206, p = 0.050; r = 0.225, p = 0.032), aspartate transaminase (AST) (r = 0.237, p = 0.024; r = 0.368, p < 0.0001), alanine transaminase (ALT) (r = 0.296, p = 0.004; r = 0.356, p = 0.001), lipid profiles including triglyceride (r = 0.372, p < 0.001; r = 0.208, p = 0.008), LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.315, p = 0.002; r = 0.373, p < 0.0001) and total cholesterol (r = 0.310, p = 0.003; r = 0.284, p = 0.006). When adjusted for age and body mass index, significant relationships of DBP (r = 0.190, p = 0.049), AST (r = 0.262, p = 0.018), ALT (r = 0.277, p = 0.012), and HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.202, p = 0.049) with HgbA1C were still retained, but those with fasting glucose disappeared. In addition, the adjusted relationships of LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol with HgbA1C were much greater than those with fasting glucose. These results suggest that glycated hemoglobin may be a better predictor than fasting glucose for cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Korean women.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol ; Fasting* ; Female ; Glucose* ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference

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Dietary Intake Assessment and Biochemical Characteristics of Blood and Urine in Patients with Chronic Gastritis.

Mi Kyeong CHOI ; Myung Hwa KANG ; Mi Hyun KIM

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):90-96. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.90

Chronic gastritis is a prevalent gastroentestinal disease in Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate status of foods and nutrients intake and health related biochemical indicators in the patients with chronic gastritis. Daily food and nutrient intake, blood lipids, and antioxidant indicators in the urine, were compared between a group of 19 patients diagnosed with chronic gastritis and a control group of 27 subjects having normal gastroscopy. No significant differences were found in age, height, weight, body mass index, and blood pressure between the two groups. Daily energy intakes were 1900.6 kcal for the chronic gastritis patient group, and 1931.8 kcal for the normal control group without significant difference. No significant difference was found between the two groups in all nutrient intakes except for cholesterol. The chronic gastritis patients consumed lower amount of sugars and sweeteners but greater amount of starchy food groups such as potatoes and legumes than subjects of control group consumed. Also the chronic gastritis patients showed higher serum triglyceride concentration than the normal subjects. These results indicate that the dietary pattern of chronic gastritis patients may have relation to a change in the serum lipid level; however, more systematic research with a larger samples size is required.
Blood Pressure ; Body Weight ; Carbohydrates ; Cholesterol ; Eating ; Fabaceae ; Gastritis* ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Korea ; Solanum tuberosum ; Sweetening Agents ; Triglycerides

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Development of Job Standards for Clinical Nutrition Therapy for Dyslipidemia Patients.

Min Jae KANG ; Jung Sook SEO ; Eun Mi KIM ; Mi Sun PARK ; Mi Hye WOO ; Dal Lae JU ; Gyung Ah WIE ; Song Mi LEE ; Jin A CHA ; Cheong Min SOHN

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):76-89. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.76

Dyslipidemia has significantly contributed to the increase of death and morbidity rates related to cardiovascular diseases. Clinical nutrition service provided by dietitians has been reported to have a positive effect on relief of medical symptoms or reducing the further medical costs. However, there is a lack of researches to identify key competencies and job standard for clinical dietitians to care patients with dyslipidemia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the job components of clinical dietitian and develop the standard for professional practice to provide effective nutrition management for dyslipidemia patients. The current status of clinical nutrition therapy for dyslipidemia patients in hospitals with 300 or more beds was studied. After duty tasks and task elements of nutrition care process for dyslipidemia clinical dietitians were developed by developing a curriculum (DACUM) analysis method. The developed job standards were pretested in order to evaluate job performance, difficulty, and job standards. As a result, the job standard included four jobs, 18 tasks, and 53 task elements, and specific job description includes 73 basic services and 26 recommended services. When clinical dietitians managing dyslipidemia patients performed their practice according to this job standard for 30 patients the job performance rate was 68.3%. Therefore, the job standards of clinical dietitians for clinical nutrition service for dyslipidemia patients proposed in this study can be effectively used by hospitals.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Curriculum ; Dyslipidemias* ; Humans ; Job Description ; Nutrition Therapy* ; Nutritionists ; Professional Practice

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Carbohydrates and Endothelial Function: Is a Low-Carbohydrate Diet or a Low-Glycemic Index Diet Favourable for Vascular Health?.

Elena JOVANOVSKI ; Andreea ZURBAU ; Vladimir VUKSAN

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(2):69-75. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.69

Low-carbohydrate diets have become increasingly popular in both media and clinical research settings. Although they may improve some metabolic markers, their effects on arterial function remain unclear. Endothelial dysfunction is the well-established response to cardiovascular risk factors and a pivotal feature that precedes atherosclerotic diseases. It has been demonstrated that a high carbohydrate-induced hyperglycemia and subsequent oxidative stress acutely worsen the efficacy of the endothelial vasodilatory system. Thus, in theory, a carbohydrate restricted diet may preserve the integrity of the arterial system. This review attempts to provide insight on whether low-carbohydrate diets have a favorable or detrimental impact on vascular function, or it is perhaps the quality of carbohydrate that should direct dietary recommendations. Research to date suggests that diets low in carbohydrate amount may negatively impact vascular endothelial function. Conversely, it appears that maintaining recommended carbohydrate intake with utilization of low glycemic index foods generates a more favorable vascular profile. Understanding these relationships will aid in deciphering the diverging role of modulating quantity and quality of carbohydrates on cardiovascular risk.
Carbohydrates* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diet* ; Endothelium ; Glycemic Index ; Hyperglycemia ; Oxidative Stress ; Risk Factors

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The Impact of Low Adherence to the Low-iodine Diet on the Efficacy of the Radioactive Iodine Ablation Therapy.

Dal Lae JU ; Young Joo PARK ; Hee Young PAIK ; Yoonju SONG

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(4):267-271. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.4.267

To improve the efficacy of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer patients, a low-iodine diet (LID) prior to the therapy is recommended. In iodine-rich areas such as Korea, however, a strict LID is very difficult to maintain. We experienced the cases of three patients showing low adherence to the LID before initial RAI therapy, and analyzed the main food source supplying iodine during the LID, and examined the influence of the poorly maintained LID on the efficacy of RAI therapy. The dietary intake during the LID periods were assessed using three-day dietary records and remnant thyroid activity after the second RAI administration was also evaluated. All patients' mean daily iodine intake during two-week LID periods exceeded the 100 microg guideline set by the Korean Thyroid Association (median 110.9 microg, ranges 100.4-117.0 microg). Although the typical food sources of iodine intake are seaweeds in Korea, salted vegetables were the main contributor to the patients' iodine intake during the LID periods. Remnant thyroid activity was shown on a follow-up scan in all of 3 patients suggesting low efficacy of RAI therapy. In summary, the patients with low adherence to the LID guideline showed unsuccessful remnant ablation, and the main food source of iodine was salted vegetables. Further studies are necessary to examine the relationship between adherence of the LID and RAI efficacy according to dietary iodine intake levels, as well as food sources that cause low adherence to the LID. These data can then be used to develop more practical LID guidelines.
Diet Records ; Diet* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iodine* ; Korea ; Patient Compliance ; Radioisotopes ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Vegetables

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Daily Copper and Manganese Intakes and Their Relation to Blood Pressure in Normotensive Adults.

Yeon Kyung LEE ; Eun Soon LYU ; Se Young OH ; Hae Ryun PARK ; Hee Kyong RO ; Young Ran HEO ; Taisun HYUN ; Mi Kyeong CHOI

Clinical Nutrition Research.2015;4(4):259-266. doi:10.7762/cnr.2015.4.4.259

Although it has been proposed that trace minerals have anti-oxidative functions and are related to the control of blood pressure, only a limited number of studies directly address the issue. Thus, the purpose of our study was to assess the intake of copper and manganese, which are trace minerals, and to clarify their relation to blood pressure. In a cross-sectional study, the blood pressure of 640 normotensive adults, from 19 to 69 year-old (320 males and 320 females), was measured, and its correlation with the intake of copper and manganese was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall method. The average value of the blood pressure was 126.4/80.2 mmHg for the males and 117.8/75.8 mmHg for the females. The daily copper intake was 1.3 mg/day for the males and 1.2 mg/day for the females. For manganese, the daily intake was 4.2 mg/day for the males and 4.1 mg/day for the females. Although the copper intake of all subjects showed a positive correlation with the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, there was no significant correlation when the potential confounding factors were adjusted. The manganese intake of the male subjects had a significantly negative correlation with the systolic blood pressure after adjusting for gender, age, body mass index, and energy intake. In conclusion, the daily manganese intake of the normotensitve adults showed a significantly negative correlation with the systolic blood pressure indicating a possibility of a positive effect of manganese on blood pressure.
Adult* ; Blood Pressure* ; Body Mass Index ; Copper* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manganese* ; Minerals

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