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A Case of Periaortitis Diagnosed with Abdomen CT in a Patient with Malignant Fibrous Histiocytosis.

Se Kwun MOON ; Kyung Hwan KIM ; Hee Jong KIM ; Hong Ju AN ; Sang Sun LEE ; Ho Yeong SONG ; Won Yu KANG ; Sang Cheol CHO ; Sun Ho HWANG ; Wan KIM

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2013;2(1):41-44. doi:10.12997/jla.2013.2.1.41

Periaortitis is a very rare disease, characterized by a fibro-inflammatory tissue which develops around abdominal aorta and iliac arteries, and spreads into the structures of retroperitoneum. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for the diagnosis. Here, we report a case of periaortitis diagnosed with abdomen CT in patient with malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
Abdomen ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Histiocytosis ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rare Diseases ; Retroperitoneal Fibrosis

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Importance of Clinical Evaluations Related to Secondary Hypertension in Patients with Resistant Hypertension.

Jin Ho KIM ; Sung Ha PARK ; Ah Young JI ; Jung Hee LEE ; Moonyun JIN ; Changho SONG ; Insoo KIM ; Young Ju KIM ; Moon Hyoung LEE

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2013;2(1):37-40. doi:10.12997/jla.2013.2.1.37

Resistant hypertension is defined as poorly controlled status of blood pressure despite of optimal use of three or more antihypertensive drugs of different classes, including diuretics. Although exact prevalence of resistant hypertension is not known, it has been reported to be 12.8% among patients treated with antihypertensive drugs. It is important to evaluate a possible secondary cause in patients with resistant hypertension. We report a case of resistant hypertension with renal artery segmental stenosis that was not revealed in renal Doppler study. Blood pressure of the patient was well controlled after renal balloon angioplasty.
Angioplasty, Balloon ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Pressure ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diuretics ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Prevalence ; Renal Artery

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Association of Plasma Homocysteine Level and Arterial Stiffness in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Jenie Yoonoo HWANG ; Chang Hee JUNG ; Min Jung LEE ; Yu Mi KANG ; Woo Je LEE ; Joong Yeol PARK

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2013;2(1):27-35. doi:10.12997/jla.2013.2.1.27

OBJECTIVE: Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is considered to be a marker of endothelial dysfunction and a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Arterial stiffness measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is not only a marker of vascular damage but a significant predictor of CVD. Previous studies about the effect of high plasma Hcy levels on arterial stiffness have yielded inconsistent results. We therefore assessed the association between Hcy and baPWV in a relatively large number of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: We retrospectively assessed plasma Hcy concentration and arterial stiffness in 1,477 Korean type 2 diabetic patients. Participants were also evaluated for plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), duration of DM, microvascular complications, lipid profile, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Arterial stiffness was measured noninvasively by baPWV. RESULTS: Correlation analysis indicated a significant positive association between serum Hcy levels and baPWV (r=0.245, p<0.001). In a multiple linear regression analysis, the association between serum Hcy levels and baPWV was independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (standardized beta=3.8, p=0.01). CONCLUSION: The results support the hypothesis that plasma Hcy levels are associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 DM. Prospective studies are warranted to determine whether lowering serum Hcy level could reduce arterial stiffness and cardiovascular morbidity in type 2 DM.
C-Reactive Protein ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Glucose ; Hemoglobins ; Homocysteine ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Plasma ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vascular Stiffness

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Effect of Fenofibrate Therapy on Blood Creatinine Levels in Patients with Hypertension and Hypertriglyceridemia.

Jun Hwan CHO ; Young Hwan CHOI ; Cheol Won HYEON ; Kyung Joon KIM ; Seonghyup HYUN ; Jee Eun KWON ; Eun Young KIM ; Wang Soo LEE ; Kwang Je LEE ; Sang Wook KIM ; Tae Ho KIM ; Chee Jeong KIM

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2013;2(1):19-26. doi:10.12997/jla.2013.2.1.19

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have reported that fenofibrate therapy increased blood creatinine levels. We investigated the effect of fenofibrate therapy on creatinine levels in patients with hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. METHODS: This retrospective study included 36 hypertensive patients with hypertriglyceridemia taking fenofibrate for 1-3 years (Fenofibrate group) and 36 control patients with similar age, sex, follow-up duration, creatinine levels, and lipid levels to those of fenofibrate therapy (Control group). RESULTS: Baseline parameters except lipid profiles were similar between the fenofibrate and control groups. Creatinine levels increased in the fenofibrate group (from 0.90+/-0.18 mg/dL to 1.05+/-0.22 mg/dL, p<0.001) and did not change in the control group (from 0.91+/-0.12 mg/dL to 0.92+/-0.14 mg/dL, p=0.39). The elevation was more pronounced in the fenofibrate group than in the control group (0.15+/-0.12 vs. 0.02+/-0.11 mg/dL, p<0.001). Changes in creatinine levels were only associated with fenofibrate therapy (r=0.52, p<0.001) in the stepwise linear regression analysis. CONCLUSION: Fenofibrate therapy for 1-3 years significantly increased creatinine levels in hypertensive patients with hypertriglyceridemia. This finding suggests that follow-up measurement of creatinine level is necessary with fenofibrate therapy.
Creatinine ; Fenofibrate ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Linear Models ; Retrospective Studies

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Hypertension and Increased Left Ventricular End-diastolic Pressure Influence Arterial Stiffness.

Yae Min PARK ; Bong Roung KIM ; Wook Jin CHUNG ; Kyoung Hoon LEE ; Woong Chol KANG ; Seung Hwan HAN ; Tae Hoon AHN ; In Suk CHOI ; Mi Seung SHIN

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2013;2(1):9-17. doi:10.12997/jla.2013.2.1.9

OBJECTIVE: There have been few studies regarding the relationship between arterial stiffness and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). In the current study, we evaluated the relationship between the LVEDP and arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension (HTN). METHODS: Group I (n=34) included patients with a normal E/E' (< or =8) without HTN, group II (n=31) included patients with an elevated E/E' (>8) without HTN, group III (n=20) included patients with a normal E/E' (< or =8) with HTN, and group IV (n=49) included patients with an elevated E/E' (>8) with HTN. Aortic distensibility (AD) and the right brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured. RESULTS: The mean age was 46.0+/-11.3 years. The mean value of AD was significantly lower in the group III compared to the group I. The group IV showed significantly lower AD compared to the group II. The group III demonstrated higher baPWV compared to the group I (1422+/-182 cm/sec vs. 1186+/-178 cm/sec, p<0.01), and the group IV showed higher baPWV compared to the group II (1456+/-228 vs. 1259+/-238 cm/sec, p<0.01). However, AD and baPWV were not significantly different between the group I and II, and between the group III and IV. The E/E' ratio showed a weak negative correlation with AD and a weak positive correlation with baPWV. CONCLUSION: Patients with hypertension showed a lower AD and a higher baPWV compared to those with normal blood pressure independent of the LVEDP. But the correlation between E/E' ratio and arterial stiffness suggests that a high LVEDP might not significantly influence arterial stiffness.
Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Vascular Stiffness

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Triglyceride and Cardiovascular Disease.

Myung A KIM

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2013;2(1):1-8. doi:10.12997/jla.2013.2.1.1

Hypercholesterolemia is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, cardiovascular risk still remains even after achieving target goals for total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. There is a controversy whether triglyceride (TG) is directly related with atherosclerosis and/or cardiovascular disease. Some studies demonstrate that hypertriglyceridemia is associated with cardiovascular disease, especially in patients with insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome. Triglyceride level below 100 mg/dL is considered as metabolically healthy state. Nonfasting TG level can be used to detect incident cardiovascular disease. Fasting lipid panel should be checked if nonfasting TG level is equal or greater than 200 mg/dL. Target goals of TG are <200 mg/dL in nonfasting state, and <150 mg/dL (normal) or <100 mg/dL (optimal) in fasting state. Overall treatment of hypertriglyceridemia is intensive life style modification including reducing body weight, decreasing carbohydrate intake, increasing n-3 fatty acid intake, reducing alcohol intake, and increasing aerobic exercise. Pharmacological therapy focuses on reducing LDL-cholesterol with statin. Drug therapy for reducing TG seems to have less evidence of reducing cardiovascular events. If TG level is equal or higher than 500 mg/dL, TG lowering therapy is recommended in addition to life style modification to prevent pancreatitis.
Atherosclerosis ; Body Weight ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Exercise ; Fasting ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Insulin Resistance ; Life Style ; Lipoproteins ; Pancreatitis ; Risk Factors

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Survival Rates in Peripheral Artery Disease.

Shin Yi JANG ; Seung Woo PARK ; Young Wook KIM ; Duk Kyung KIM

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2017;6(1):39-45. doi:10.12997/jla.2017.6.1.39

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term survival of subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS: The data included 415 Korean PAD patients aged ≥20 years hospitalized from 1994 through 2004 at a single tertiary center in Korea. Death data were obtained from all participants between 1994 and 2009. RESULTS: The mean of age was 64.4±9.3 years in PAD. The proportion of peripheral vascular bypass operation (re-vascularized) was about 50%. The proportion of males was 90.6% in PAD. Five- and 10- year survival rates were 79.2% and 60.5% in PAD, respectively. The 5- and 10- year survival rates were 83.0% and 64.1% in re-vascularized group, and 75.5% and 56.3% in non-revascularized group (p<0.05). For PAD, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.75 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-2.68) in over 65 years, 1.53 (95% CI 1.05-2.27) in diabetes, and 2.21 (95% CI 1.51-3.23) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Interestingly, HRs in PAD were 0.55 (95% CI 0.34-0.84) in overweight and 0.45 (95% CI 0.25-0.76) in obesity. CONCLUSIONS: The 5- and 10- year survival rates were 79.2% and 60.5% in PAD. The survival rate in re-vascularized group was higher than that in non-revascularized group. Independent predictors of mortality were age, diabetes, and CKD in PAD. Obesity showed improved survival rates.
Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mortality ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Peripheral Arterial Disease* ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Survival Rate*

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Association between Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Polymorphism and Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Adults.

Yoonjin SHIN ; Jaehyun PARK ; Sungho WON ; Yangha KIM

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2017;6(1):29-38. doi:10.12997/jla.2017.6.1.29

OBJECTIVE: The mGluR1 (metabotropic glutamate receptor 1) gene, a G protein–coupled receptor, is known to mediate perceptions of umami tastes. Genetic variation in taste receptors may influence dietary intake, and in turn have an impact on nutritional status and risk of chronic disease. We investigated the association of mGluR1 rs2814863 polymorphism with lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, together with their modulation by macronutrient intake in Korean adults. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 8,380 Koreans aged 40-69 years participating in the Anseong and Ansan Cohort Study, which was a part of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and blood chemical analysis. RESULTS: Carriers of C allele at mGluR1 rs2814863 was associated with decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased triglyceride as compared to carriers of TT. Also, carriers of the C allele showed higher fat intake and lower carbohydrate intake than those with carriers of TT. After adjustment for multiple testing using false-discovery rate method, the significant difference of HDL-C, triglyceride, dietary fat, and carbohydrate across genotypes disappeared. Gene-diet interaction effects between rs2814863 and macronutrients intake were not significantly associated with HDL-C and triglyceride levels. However, carriers of C allele demonstrated significantly higher odds of CVD {odds ratio=1.13, 95% CI=1.02-1.25} compared with carriers of TT. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support significant associations between the mGluR1 rs2814863 genotype and CVD-related variables in Korean adults. However, these associations are not modified by macronutrient intake.
Adult* ; Alleles ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Chronic Disease ; Cohort Studies ; Dietary Fats ; Epidemiology ; Genes, vif ; Genetic Variation ; Genome ; Genotype ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Methods ; Nutritional Status ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Glutamate ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate* ; Triglycerides

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Long-term Survival Rates for Patients with Aortic Aneurysm.

Shin Yi JANG ; Duk Kyung KIM

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2017;6(1):22-28. doi:10.12997/jla.2017.6.1.22

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting the long-term survival of subjects with aortic aneurysm (AA). METHODS: We included 294 Korean patients aged ≥30 years who were hospitalized from 1994 through 2004. Diagnosis was confirmed in 267A subjects (75.8% with abdominal only AA (AAA) and 24.2% with thoracic AA (TAA)) by computed tomography angiography in Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. AA repair direct operation or percutaneous endovascular AA repair (Revascularized group) was performed in 60.3% of the total patients. Death data were obtained from all participants between 1994 and 2009. RESULTS: The mean age of AA subjects was 68.7 (±8.1) years. The proportion of males was 82%. Five- and 10-year survival rates were 89.8% and 82.6%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 92.3% and 84.9% in revascularized group and 86.4% and 79.5% in non-revascularized group, respectively. Adjusted hazard ratios were 1.11 {95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.21} in ages and 3.07 (95% CI 1.26-7.90) in smoking for AA. CONCLUSIONS: Age and smoking contributed to death in Korean AA patients. In addition, the 10-year survival rate for AA patients in Korea was over 80%.
Angiography ; Aortic Aneurysm* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Seoul ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Survival Rate*

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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach of Carotid and Cerebrovascular Plaque on the Basis of Vessel Imaging.

Dong Hyun LEE ; Jong Ho PARK

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2017;6(1):15-21. doi:10.12997/jla.2017.6.1.15

Atherosclerosis, characterized by chronic systemic inflammation with plaque formation, is one of the major causes of cerebrovascular disease. Recent advances in imaging technologies can help further understand the overall process and biology of plaque formation and rupture. Thus, these imaging techniques could aid clinicians to make better decision for risk stratification, therapeutic planning, and prediction of future cerebrovascular event. Ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography are the rapidly-evolving imaging modalities dealing with assessment of atherosclerotic plaque. By advances in imaging technology for evaluating plaque, we can characterize the vulnerability of plaque in-vivo, understand the composition and activity of plaque, assess therapeutic response to treatment, and ultimately predict the overall risk of future cerebrovascular episodes. In this review, we will introduce current understanding of various advanced imaging modalities and clinical application of these imaging technologies.
Atherosclerosis ; Biology ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Inflammation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Rupture ; Ultrasonography

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