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A Case of Congenital Intracranial Immature Teratoma.

Dong Ki LEE ; Hyeok HEO ; Jun Young HA ; Do Gyun KIM ; Jae Chul SIM ; Suk Jin CHOI ; Jung Ran KIM

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1758-1761.

Congenital intracranial teratoma is a very rare tumor. We recently experienced a case of massive congenital intracranial teratoma that discovered in a male infant of 28 weeks of gestation. A 33-year old multigravida was observed at 28 weeks gestation for prenatal ultrasound examination and ultrasonography revealed the fetus was severely macrocephalic with marked hydrocephalus. For therapeutic termination, Hysterotomy and fetal cephalocentesis was performed to deliver a stillborn infant. Autopsy revealed a 2,420 g male infant with severe macrocephaly. A multilobulated intracerebral tumor was found a diameter 18 cm involving both cerebral hemisphere. The tumor was considered to have originated in the vicinity of pineal gland and suprasellar region. Microscopic examination showed the characteristic picture of a teratoma. The predominent component is immature neuroepithelium in the form of primitive neural tubules variably mature somatic tissure from other germ cell layers accompany the neuroepithelium. We report a case of congenital intracranial immature teratoma.
Adult ; Autopsy ; Cerebrum ; Fetus ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hysterotomy ; Infant ; Macrocephaly ; Male ; Pineal Gland ; Pregnancy ; Teratoma* ; Ultrasonography

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A Case of Leiomyoma of the Vagina.

Chun June LEE ; Jong Yeol CHOI ; Heung Yeol KIM ; Won Gyu KIM ; Sung Han KIM ; Un Dong PARK ; Eun Hee KONG

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1754-1757.

The leiomyoma of the uterus is most common benign genital tumor in women of reproductive age but occurs in the vagina rarely and may be confused with a variety of vaginal tumors. A preoperative diagnosis is seldom made. Recently we experienced a case of vaginal leiomyoma arising in the anterior vagina wall and concomitant uterine leiomyoma, so we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Uterus ; Vagina*

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Expression of Chemokine Receptors in Ovarian Cancer Tissue.

Hyoung Joon JO ; Sun Young LEE ; Chang Sook PARK ; Hee Jung AN ; Yu Kyoung OH ; Sae Hyon KIM ; Young Jung NA ; In Ho KIM ; Chan LEE ; Seung Jo KIM

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1746-1753.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the expression of chemokine receptors in human ovarian cancer to understand the role of chemokines in ovarian cancer development and metastasis. METHODS: Twenty-two cases of epithelial ovarian cancer were studied for expression of 13 chemokine receptors such as CXCR1-CXCR5 and CCR1-CCR8 by using semi- quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, we studied the relationship between the chemokine receptors expression and lymph nodes metastasis of ovarian cancers. RESULTS: As compared with normal ovarian tissues, ovarian cancer tissues showed higher mean expression levels of CCR1,3,4,5,7,8 and CXCR1,3,4. Of chemokine receptors, CCR7 revealed the significantly higher levels of expression in ovarian cancer tissues relative to normal tissues. In the cases of retroperitoneal lymph nodes metastasis, increased expression of CCR2,4 and CXCR 1,3,4 was observed although there was no statistical significance. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that there is a complex chemokine/chemokine receptor network in pathogenesis and the way of lymph node metastasis of ovarian cancer rather than a specific chemokine or chemokine receptor.
Chemokines ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Receptors, Chemokine*

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The Rate of Planned Pregnancy and Associated Factors Related to Planned Pregnancy.

Myoung Jin MOON ; Jin Hoon CHUNG ; June Seek CHOI ; Hyun Kyong AHN ; Hyun Mee RYU ; Ha Jung LIM ; Joong Sik SHIN ; Joo Oh KIM ; Jae Hyug YANG ; Moon Young KIM ; Kyu Hong CHOI ; Yon Ju KIM ; Jung Yeol HAN

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1741-1745.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate planned pregnancy rate and associated factors related planned pregnancy. METHODS: We surveyed 1,396 cases from May 2002 to December 2002. The cases were derived from the Maternity school. They filled out questionnaire including planned pregnancy, medico-social-economic status. Then, we assessed the planned pregnancy rate with associated medico-social-economic state, through the prospective study. RESULTS: The planned pregnancy rate is 51.4%. The major factor which affected the planned pregnancy rate is the income of the family. The association with the planned pregnancy rate and the parity, age, and educational attainment of the women are not statistically significant. In unplanned group, exposure to alcohol, X-ray and medication is significantly increased in early pregnancy. CONCLUSION: The planned pregnancy can prevent induced abortion and reduce the birth defects due to early exposure to teratogen. Therefore it is important to make an effort to raise the planned pregnancy rate.
Abortion, Induced ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Family Planning Services* ; Female ; Humans ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaire

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Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B by Inducers in Gestational Tissues at Term.

Jong Hwa KIM ; Young Ah KIM ; Soon Ha YANG

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1736-1740.

OBJECTIVE: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a transcriptional factor in the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), the key enzyme in production of prostaglandins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activation of NF-kappa B in human gestational tissues obtained from term pregnant women by various inducers. METHODS: Myometrium, chorion, and amnion were collected during cesarean section from term pregnant women not in labor. Cells from gestational tissues were isolated and cultured with Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The activation of NF-kappa B in cells of each tissues was measured by luciferase assay. RESULTS: Luciferase activity analysis showed significantly higher activity of NF-kappa B in myometrial cells treated with LPS, in chorion cells treated with IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, and in amnion cells treated with IL-1beta and LPS than control. CONCLUSION: In cells of gestational tissue at term pregnancy, the activation of NF-kappa B is cell-specific and various according to inducers.
Amnion ; Animals ; Cesarean Section ; Chorion ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Cytokines ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; Luciferases ; Mice ; Myometrium ; NF-kappa B* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prostaglandins ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

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Efficacy and Predictors of Success of Methotrexate Treatment in Women with Unruptured Tubal Ectopic Pregnancies.

Sang Woo RHU ; Gui Se Ra LEE ; Kown IN ; Soo Young HUR ; Sa Jin KIM ; Eun Joong KIM

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1731-1735.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and predictors of success of methotrexate (MTX) treatment in selected cases of unruptured tubal pregnancies. METHODS: This study was retrospectively performed in 36 women who had diagnosed unruptured tubal pregnancies. Patients received intramuscular MTX. Serial beta-hCG measurement was performed weekly, and success was defined as the achievement to beta-hCG concentration of 10 mIU/mL without surgical intervention. Surgical intervention was performed for presumed tubal rupture. Pretreatment serum concentration of beta-hCG, the size of tubal mass and gestational sac by transvaginal ultrasonography were measured to evaluate the predictors of MTX therapy. RESULTS: 29 patients (81%) were successfully treated by MTX systematic treatment. There were not significant differences in the patient's age, parity, gestational age and the size of tubal ectopic mass, but significant differences in the gestational sac size and serum beta-hCG concentration between success group and failure group of MTX treatment. The mean time for achieving successful treatment was 33.8 days. The success rate of systemic MTX was significantly decreased and resolution time was prolonged if the initial pretreatment serum beta-hCG was 10,000 mIU/mL or gestational sac size was >or=1 cm. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment serum beta-hCG concentration and gestational sac size are important predictors of success of MTX treatment in women with unruptured tubal pregnancy.
Female ; Gestational Age ; Gestational Sac ; Humans ; Methotrexate* ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Pregnancy, Tubal ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Ultrasonography

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Loss of Heterozygosity in Endometriosis.

Min A LEE ; Yun Ee RHEE ; Heung Tae NOH ; Sun Hoe KOO ; Ji Un KANG

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1724-1730.

OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis is a very common gynecological condition in which tissue similar to endometrium proliferates at sites outside the uterine cavity. Although it generally remain a benign condition, malignant transformation has been documented, and it is commonly found in association with endometrioid subtype ovarian carcinoma. In order to identify the genomic change in those areas possibly involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, we performed LOH analysis. METHODS: Twenty seven cases of endometriosis were analyzed for the detection of LOH using 5 microsatellite markers. LOH analysis was performed by PCR, capillary electrophoresis and gene scan analysis using DNA from sections of tumor and normal tissue pairs. RESULTS: Twenty two of 27 (81.5%) cases demonstrated LOH at one or more loci. The frequency of LOH was 37.0% (D18S69), 25.9% (D22S274), 14.8% (D22S283), 7.4% (D6S286), 7.4% (D13S160). CONCLUSION: The frequencies of LOH was increased in higher stage of endometriosis. Most notable findings were found at chromosome 18 and 22 loci (D18S69, D22S274). These region might involve the some candidate genes closely related with the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; DNA ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Endometriosis* ; Endometrium ; Female ; Loss of Heterozygosity* ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Clinical Analysis of Ovarian Pregnancy.

Yun Jung LEE ; Hwa Jung SHIN ; Tae Young JIN ; Soo Yun KIM ; So Young KIM ; In Yang PARK ; Hyun Young AHN ; Hee Bong MOON ; Jong Chul SHIN ; Soo Pyung KIM

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1720-1723.

OBJECTIVE: The frequency of ectopic pregnancy has been recently increased by various causes. Especially in ovarian pregnancy, definitive preoperative diagnostic criteria have not been established. This study is aimed to focus on helpful clinical characterstics which can later on serve as diagnostic key points in case of suspicious ovarian pregnancy. METHODS: The study included 23 patients pathologically diagnosed with ovarian pregnancy from January 1991 to December 2002 in Kangnam St. Mary Hospital. We analyzed the age at diagnosis, pregnancy and delivery history, presence of underlying disease, clinical symptoms, therapeutic methods, human chorionic gonadotropin level, and sonographic findings for these patients. RESULTS: The average age at diagnosis was 31.6 year and 39.1% of the patients were older than the age of 35. More than half of the patients had the history of multiple pregnancy (52.2%). The common clinical symptoms were lower abdominal pain (95.6%) and vaginal bleeding (21.8%). Ipsilateral ovarian wedge resection was performed at the most frequent rate (78.3%) and ipsilateral adnexectomy was done at second most frequent rate (21.7%). HCG level was measured on 19 cases showing various individual difference. Most common sonographic findings included the fluid stasis surrounding the ovarian pregnancy lesions and ipsilateral ovary enlargement (91.3%). CONCLUSION: This study showed that ovarian pregnancy should be suspected in young woman. Of the age between 25 and 30 years, with symptom of lower abdominal pain, nulliparity, havior history of pelvic adhesion, pelvic inflammation, and showing sonographic findings of fluid collection around ovary or enlarged ovary.
Abdominal Pain ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Individuality ; Inflammation ; Ovary ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Ultrasonography ; Uterine Hemorrhage

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PAP Smear: Analysis of 10 Years Results (1992-2001).

Jun Hyuk JANG ; Sang Hun KIM ; Seok Hyun JANG ; Tae Sun AN ; Jong Cheon WEON ; Kang Woo JUNG ; Yong Pil KIM

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1714-1719.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of PAP smear as a screening tool for cervical cancer by evaluating the result of a review of 34,970 cases of PAP smear at Pohang St. Mary's Hospital. METHODS: From January, 1992 to December, 2001 cytologic examination of 34,970 women were analysed and the results were reviewed. RESULTS: 1. The average of annual screening rate was 14.8%. 2. Abnormal cytology rate was 2.02% including 1.02% of ASCUS, 0.99% of class III, 0.20% of class IV and 0.30% of class V. 3. 8.28% of the women screened were aged less than 30 years, 31.8% <40 years, 33.2% <50 years, 17.5% <60 years, 7.3% <70 years and 1.9% >or=70 years respectively. 4. Of the 188 patients who had a cytologic diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 127 (68%) were followed up, 99 (78%) were normal and 28 (22%) had squamous intraepithelial lesion. 5. The prevalence rate of cervical neoplasia confirmed by histopathology for the past 10 years was 1.53%. Of those the rate of invasive cervical cancer was 0.65%. 6. The false negative rate was 17.3% and false positive rate was 4.5%. 7. The sensitivity and specificity and positive predictive value of PAP smear were 82.7%, 95.5% and 90.2%. CONCLUSION: For PAP smear to be early detecting tool for cervical cancer, continuous effort is required to raise annual screening rate, to lower the false negative rate, and to raise the sensitivity of PAP smear.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

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The Expression of c-Src and Csk in the Human Endometrium During the Normal Menstrual Cycle.

Dong Ki JEONG ; Sung Ki LEE ; Kyung Jin KIM ; Byeung Woo JANG ; Chung Hee HAN ; Ji Young LEE ; Sung Tae KIM ; Yoon Mi KIM

Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2003;46(9):1707-1713.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the transcriptional expression and translational localization of c-Src and Csk, related to signal transduction of cell growth, differentiation, death, and DNA synthesis in the human endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle. METHODS: The specimens were obtained from the hysterectomized uterus and endometrial biopsies that showed no endometrial pathology. The mRNA level of c-Src and Csk were examined by RT-PCR and the expression of these proteins were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The c-Src mRNA was strongly expressed at all phases, except in late secretory phase. The Csk mRNA was highly expressed at all phases. In stromal cells and glandular cells, immunohistochemical expression of c-Src protein was moderate in proliferative phase and was strong in the secretory phase. The expression of Csk protein was strong at all phases and more intensive in glandular cell than stromal cell. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that c-Src may play an important role in the signaling of the differentiation of the human endometrium and the Csk may modulate the c-Src kinase activity.
Biopsy ; DNA ; Endometrium* ; Female ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Menstrual Cycle* ; Pathology ; Phosphotransferases ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; Stromal Cells ; Uterus

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