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It is often presumed that apical periodontitis follows total pulp necrosis, and consequently root canal treatment is commonly performed. Periapical lesion development is usually caused by bacteria and its byproduct which irritate pulp, develop pulpitis, and result in necrosis through an irreversible process. Afterwards, apical periodontitis occurs. This phenomenon is observed as an apical radiolucency in radiographic view. However, this unusual case presents a spontaneous healing of periapical lesion, which has developed without pulp necrosis in a vital tooth, through conservative treatment.
Bacteria ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Dental Pulp Necrosis ; Necrosis ; Neurogenic Inflammation ; Periapical Periodontitis ; Pulpitis ; Tooth

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Prevention of tooth discoloration associated with triple antibiotics.

Bona KIM ; Min Ju SONG ; Su Jung SHIN ; Jeong Won PARK

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012;37(2):119-122. doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.119

Regenerative endodontics has a potential to heal a partially necrotic pulp, which can be beneficial for the continued root development and strengthening of immature teeth. For this purpose, triple antibiotic mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline was recommended as intracanal medicament in an attempt to disinfect the root canal system for revascularization of a tooth with a necrotic pulp. However, discoloration of the tooth was reported after applying this. This case shows the idea for preventing the tooth discoloration using a delivery syringe (SW-O-01, Shinwoo dental) to avoid the contact between the clinical crown and the antibiotics.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ciprofloxacin ; Crowns ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Endodontics ; Metronidazole ; Minocycline ; Syringes ; Tooth ; Tooth Discoloration

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Pre-prosthetic minor tooth movement with elastic separating ring & provisional restoration modification: case report.

Haneol SHIN ; Byoung Duck ROH ; Yoo Seok SHIN ; Chan Young LEE

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012;37(2):114-118. doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.114

Proximal caries or coronal defect in posterior teeth may result in the loss of proximal space and drifting of neighboring teeth, which makes restoration difficult. Inability to restore proper contours and to align tooth axis properly are commonly encountered problems when planning tooth restoration. Moreover, tilted teeth aggravate periodontal tissue breakdown, such as pseudo-pocket, and angular osseous defect. The purpose of this case presentation is to describe a simple technique for inducing minor tooth movement with orthodontic separating ring and provisional restoration modification. This method was used to create crown placement space on mesially tilted molar. This method is easy, simple and efficient technique which could be used in interproximal space gaining in selected situation.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Crowns ; Molar ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement

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Re-establishment of occlusion after unilateral condylar fracture.

Yookyung KIM ; Sung Ho PARK ; Byoung Duck ROH

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012;37(2):110-113. doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.110

Complications resulting from condylar fracture include occlusal disturbance due to loss of leverage from temporomandibular joint (TMJ). In general, closed reduction with active physical training has been performed, and under favorable circumstances, adaptation occurs in attempt to restore the articulation. The patient in this case report had unilateral condylar fracture accompanied with multiple teeth injuries, but he was left without any dental treatment for 1 mon which led to unrestorable occlusal collapse. Fortunately, delayed surgical repositioning of dislocated maxillary anterior teeth followed by consistent long-term physical training has been proved successful. Normal occlusion and satisfactory remodeling of condyle were obtained on 10 mon follow-up.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Tooth ; Tooth Injuries

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An evaluation of canal curvature at the apical one third in type II mesial canals of mandibular molars.

Hye Rim YUN ; Dong Kyun LEE ; Ho Keel HWANG

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012;37(2):104-109. doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.104

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the buccolingual curvature at the apical one third in type II mesial canals of mandibular molars using the radius and angle of curvature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 100 mandibular molars were selected. Following an endodontic access in the teeth, their distal roots were removed. #15 H- or K-files (Dentsply Maillefer) were inserted into the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals of the teeth. Radiographs of the teeth were taken for the proximal view. Among them, type II canals were selected and divided into two subgroups, IIa and IIb. In type IIa, two separate canals merged into one canal before reaching the apex and in type IIb, two separate canals merged into one canal within the apical foramen. The radius and angle of curvature of specimens were examined. RESULTS: In type II, mean radius of curvature in mesiolingual and mesiobuccal canals were 2.82 mm and 3.58 mm, respectively. The radius of the curvature of mesiolingual canals were significantly smaller than that of mesiobuccal canals in type II, and especially in type IIa. However, there were no statistically significant differences in radius of curvature between mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals in type IIb and there were no significant differences in angle of curvature between type IIa and IIb. CONCLUSION: In this study, type II mesial canals of mandibular molars showed severe curvature in the proximal view. Especially, mesiolingual canals of type IIa had more abrupt curvature than mesiobuccal canals at the apical one third.
Molar ; Radius ; Tooth ; Tooth Apex

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Effect of CQ-amine ratio on the degree of conversion in resin monomers with binary and ternary photoinitiation systems.

Ho Jin MOON ; Dong Hoon SHIN

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012;37(2):96-102. doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.96

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of camphorquinone (CQ)-amine ratio on the C=C double bond conversion of resins with binary and ternary photoinitiation systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two monomer mixtures (37.5 Bis-GMA/37.5 Bis-EMA/25 TEGDMA) with binary systems (CQ/DMAEMA in weight ratio, group A [0.5/1.0] and B [1.0/0.5]) and four mixtures with ternary system (CQ/OPPI/DMAEMA, group C [0.1/1.0/0.1], D [0.1/1.0/0.2], E [0.2/1.0/0.1] and F [0.2/1.0/0.2]) were tested: 1 : 2 or 2 : 1 CQ-amine ratio in binary system, while 1 : 1 ratio was added in ternary system. The monomer mixture was cured for 5, 20, 40, and 300 sec with a Demetron 400 curing unit (Demetron). After each exposure time, degree of conversion (DC) was estimated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer (Nicolet 520, Nicolet Instrument Corp.). The results were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Scheffe test, with p = 0.05 as the level of significance. RESULTS: DC (%) was expressed in the order of curing time (5, 20, 40, and 300 sec). Group A (14.63 +/- 10.42, 25.23 +/- 6.32, 51.62 +/- 2.69, 68.52 +/- 2.77); Group B (4.04 +/- 6.23, 16.56 +/- 3.38, 37.95 +/- 2.79, 64.48 +/- 1.21); Group C (16.87 +/- 5.72, 55.47 +/- 2.75, 60.83 +/- 2.07, 68.32 +/- 3.31); Group D (23.77 +/- 1.64, 61.05 +/- 1.82, 65.13 +/- 2.09, 71.87 +/- 1.17); Group E (28.66 +/- 2.92, 56.68 +/- 1.33, 60.66 +/- 1.17, 68.78 +/- 1.30); Group F (39.74 +/- 6.31, 61.07 +/- 2.58, 64.22 +/- 2.29, 69.94 +/- 2.15). CONCLUSION: All the monomers with ternary photoinitiation system showed higher DC than the ones with binary system, until 40 sec. Concerning about the effect of CQ-amine ratio on the DC, group A converted into polymer more than group B in binary system. However, there was no significant difference among groups with ternary system, except group C when cured for 5 sec only.
Camphor ; Fourier Analysis ; Polymers

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Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration.

Ji Hoon KIM ; Ho Hyun SON ; Juhea CHANG

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012;37(2):90-95. doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.90

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resin infiltration technique on color and surface hardness of white spot lesion (WSL) with various degrees of demineralization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten human upper premolars were cut and divided into quarters with a 3 x 4 mm window on the enamel surface. Each specimens were separated into four groups (n = 10) and immersed in demineralization solution to create WSL: control, no treatment (baseline); 12 h, 12 hr demineralization; 24 h, 24 hr demineralization; 48 h, 48 hr demineralization. Resin infiltration was performed to the specimens using Icon (DMG). CIEL*a*b* color parameters of the enamel-dentin complex were determined using a spectroradiometer at baseline, after caries formation and after resin infiltration. Surface hardness was measured by Vickers Micro Hardness Tester (Shimadzu, HMV-2). The differences in color and hardness among the groups were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Tukey test. RESULTS: Resin infiltration induced color changes and increased the hardness of demineralized enamel. After resin infiltration, there was no difference in color change (DeltaE*) or microhardness among the groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the effect of resin infiltration on color and hardness among groups with different extents of demineralization.
Bicuspid ; Dental Caries ; Dental Enamel ; Hardness ; Hardness Tests ; Humans ; Nitriles ; Pyrethrins

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Colorimetric comparison of single layered dental composite with double layered dental composite.

Young Sang SONG ; Ja Hyun KIM ; Bin Na LEE ; Ji Hyun JANG ; Hoon Sang CHANG ; Yun Chan HWANG ; Won Mann OH ; In Nam HWANG

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012;37(2):84-89. doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.84

OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the difference in color caused by different thickness in enamel layer of composite resins when applied with single and layering placement technique, and evaluated if the results agreed with the shade guide from the manufacturers to verify reliability of the color matching process of the manufacturers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For single composite resin samples, 6 mm diameter and 4 mm thickness cylindrical samples were fabricated using Ceram-X mono (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and CIE L*a*b* values were measured with spectrophotometer. Same process was done for layering composite resin samples, making 3 dentinal shade samples, 4 mm thickness, for each shade using Ceram-X duo (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and enamel shade resins were layered in 2 mm thickness and CIE L*a*b* values were measured. These samples were ground to 0.2 mm thickness each time, and CIE L*a*b* values were measured to 1 mm thickness of enamel shade resin. RESULTS: Color difference (DeltaE*) between single and layering composite resin was 1.37 minimum and 10.53 maximum when layering thicknesses were between 1 mm and 2 mm and 6 out of 10 same shade groups suggested by manufacturer showed remarkable color difference at any thickness (DeltaE* > 3.3). CONCLUSION: When using Ceram-X mono and duo for composite resin restoration, following the manufacturer's instructions for choosing the shade is not appropriate, and more accurate information for Ceram-X duo is needed on the variation and expression of the shades depending on the thickness of the enamel.
Composite Resins ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin

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