Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

A survey of eco-foodservice perception and satisfaction of elementary school parents in Jeju.

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):105-112. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.105

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the eco-foodservice perception and satisfaction of 344 elementary school parents in Jeju surveyed from February 1~12, 2010, with the aim of providing basic data for quality improvement of eco-foodservice in Jeju. METHODS: The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi2-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients, using the SPSS Win program (version 12.0). RESULTS: Regarding awareness of eco-friendly food materials of subjects, average score was 3.52 points (out of 5 scales) and 'difference between eco-friendly and general agricultural products (3.76)' showed the highest score whereas 'assurance standard and label of eco-friendly agricultural products (3.31)' showed the lowest score. In terms of the recognition of eco-foodservice implementation, 75.0% of parents were aware of it. Regarding the eco-foodservice satisfaction of the subjects, average score was 3.88 points (out of 5 scales) and food safety (3.98 points) showed the highest score whereas food taste (3.70 points) showed the lowest score. The eco-foodservice perception of subjects showed positive correlation with their eco-foodservice satisfaction. CONCLUSION: It is necessary for the government and the local government to provide continuing education for school parents in order to enhance their perception of eco-friendly food materials. In addition, systematic and appropriate government support is needed in order to ensure internal stability of eco-foodservice.
Education, Continuing ; Food Safety ; Humans ; Local Government ; Parents* ; Quality Improvement

2

Cite

Share

Dietary folate intake and food sources of children and adolescents in Chungcheong area - Using nutrient database revised by measured folate in selected foods.

Ji Hyun KIM ; Eunjung LEE ; Taisun HYUN

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):94-104. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.94

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to estimate dietary folate intake and food sources of children and adolescents using a nutrient database revised based on measured folate in selected foods. METHODS: Folate content in 51 foods known as folate sources was measured by microbiological assay after trienzyme extraction. Folate intake was estimated from a part of the data of 'Dietary Intake Survey of Infants, Children and Adolescents in 2007~2008' conducted by the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) and the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI). The study subjects were 567 children aged 1~19 years living in the Chungcheong area who completed two 24-hour recalls. RESULTS: Folate values were revised by replacing the values in the current database with the analyzed values except when the value in the current database was between the analytical values or was not different from the mean analytical value by more than 10%. Among the revised values of 40 food items, folate values of 36 foods were lower than the current values. Mean folate intakes estimated with the revised database were approximately 70~80% lower than those estimated with the current database. Mean folate intakes of males aged 12~14 and females aged 12~19 were lower than the 2010 Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs). Chicken's eggs, Kimchi, rice, mandarin, and laver were found to be main food sources of folate. CONCLUSION: In this study, mean dietary folate intakes were lower than those estimated with the current database. Further analyses for folate content especially in cooked foods commonly consumed in Korea are needed using a reliable assay in order to accurately assess folate intake of the Korean population. In addition, nutrition education should be provided for adolescent females in order to increase consumption of folate-rich foods.
Adolescent* ; Child* ; Education ; Eggs ; Female ; Folic Acid* ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Male ; Ovum ; United States Food and Drug Administration

3

Cite

Share

A study of dietary intake of total sugars by elementary students in Jeju province.

Yang Sook KO ; Eun Mi KIM ; Hyun Sook LEE

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):81-93. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.81

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to estimate total sugar intake and sugar intake-related dietary habit and nutrient intake of elementary school students. METHODS: Subjects included 701 elementary school students (351 boys and 350 girls) residing in Jeju. The research analyzed a sample and was carried out using the 24 hour recall method and one day consumption of total sugar. RESULTS: The average daily total sugar intake was 55.3 g (male 53.1 g, female 57.6 g). Total sugar intake per meal was 6.3 g (11.4%) from breakfast, 6.9 g (12.5%) from lunch, and 7.2 g (13.0%) from dinner, 34.9 g (63.1%). Major food groups of total sugar were milks (17.04 g), grains and their products (12.79 g), fruits and their products (9.40 g), and sugars and sweets (7.30 g). In analysis of the amount of total sugar consumption from several recipes, much was taken in from dessert and snacks such as dairy products (15.08 g), bread and snacks (6.4 g), beverages (5.5 g), fruits (5.1 g), and ice cakes (4.8 g). Total sugar consumption was high for rices and side dishes such as noodles (5.1 g), stir-fried foods (2.3 g), fried foods (1.4 g), cooked rice with seasoning (1.4 g), and hard-boiled foods (1.1 g). In comparison of total sugar consumption for sugar sources, daily intake of natural sugar, added sugar, and natural and added sugar were 25.8 g, 23.3 g, and 6.2 g, respectively. High sugar intake group, which was over 20% of the energy from total sugar intakes, consumed significantly less Fe, Zn, and niacin than the low sugar intake group, which was below 20%. CONCLUSION: Total sugar intake of fifth graders of elementary schools on Jeju Island was 55.4 g/day, and it was usually intake from snacks. Therefore, elementary school students need nutritional education for proper selection of better snacks and for reduction of dietary sugar intake.
Beverages ; Bread ; Breakfast ; Carbohydrates* ; Edible Grain ; Dairy Products ; Education ; Female ; Food Habits ; Fruit ; Humans ; Ice ; Lunch ; Meals ; Milk ; Niacin ; Seasons ; Snacks

4

Cite

Share

Children's eating behaviors and teachers'feeding practices during mealtime at child-care centers.

Yoonjae YEOH ; Sooyoun KWON

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):71-80. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.71

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate children's eating behaviors and teachers' feeding practices during mealtime at child-care centers. In addition, it focused on the difference of teachers' feeding practices on children age under 2 years ( < or = 2 years old) and 3 years and older (3~5 years old). METHODS: A total of 169 teachers working at child-care centers in Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea, completed self-report questionnaires in December 2013. The questionnaires were composed of questions on children's eating behaviors, feeding practices; 'Explain', 'Praise', 'Modeling', 'Indulgent', 'Insist' and 'Reward', interaction with home, and a range of demographic information (analysis rate: 51.2%). RESULTS: Approximately 59.2% of teachers had not taken a class on feeding practice and the average score for nutrition knowledge was 14.6 out of 30 points. The most undesirable eating behavior of children during mealtime was 'eating while walking around (36.7%)' both ' < or = 2 years old' and '3~5 years old'. Regarding feeding practices according to children's undesirable eating behaviors during mealtime, there were differences between age groups. When children did not eat all of the foods that were served and did not clean up silverware or seats after having food, teachers caring for '3~5 years old' practiced 'Explain'. However, percentages of those who practiced 'Indulgent' and 'Modeling' were significantly higher in teachers caring for ' < or = 2 years old' than '3~5 years old'. CONCLUSION: These findings indicated that teachers caring for children lack education and knowledge about nutrition and feeding practice. In addition, verbal feeding practices, like explain, were mainly used by teachers. As a result, for teachers, guidelines and programs for learning about age appropriate feeding practice during mealtime at child-care centers may be needed.
Child ; Education ; Feeding Behavior* ; Humans ; Korea ; Learning ; Meals* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Walking

5

Cite

Share

Relationships between children's Nutrition Quotient and the practice of the Dietary Guidelines of elementary school students and their mothers.

Jae Ran KIM ; Hyeon Sook LIM

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):58-70. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.58

PURPOSE: This study was conducted in order to investigate children's Nutrition Quotient (NQ) and the degree of keeping the Dietary Guidelines of children and their mothers and to further examine the relationships between children and mothers. METHODS: The subjects were 281 children from 4th to 6th grade in an elementary school located in Gwangju and their mothers RESULTS: NQ of the children was 66.8 +/- 14.2, which was in the third (medium) grade. Among the five factors, the scores for Moderation and Diversity were in the second (high) grade, but those for Regularity, Practice, and Balance were in the third grade. Children of non-working mothers had significantly higher scores for NQ and Balance than those of working mothers. Children of mothers with age over 40 had a significantly higher score on Diversity than those with mothers under age 40. Children of mothers with higher education showed higher score for Regularity than those with lower education. Children from high-income families had higher score for Moderation. The score for children keeping the Dietary Guidelines was 78.8 +/- 10.5 and children of non-working mothers showed higher score than those of working mothers. The score for mothers practicing the Dietary Guidelines was 80.6 +/- 9.4 and non-working mothers and mothers with age over 40 had higher score. Children's NQ showed significant correlation with the score for keeping the Dietary Guidelines for children (r = 0.789, p < 0.001) and also with that of mothers (r = 0.235, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: These results show that NQ of elementary school children in Gwangju is in the medium grade, the degree of practicing the Dietary Guidelines for children is pretty fair, and these factors are influenced by their mother's socioeconomic characteristics such as employment, age, education, and family income.
Child ; Education ; Employment ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Nutrition Policy*

6

Cite

Share

Metabolic risk and nutritional state according to breakfast energy level of Korean adults: Using the 2007~2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

So Hyoun JANG ; Yoon Suk SUH ; Young Jin CHUNG

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):46-57. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.46

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine an appropriate energy level of breakfast with less risk of chronic disease for Korean adults. METHODS: Using data from the 2007~2009 Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, from a total of 12,238 adults aged 19~64, the final 7,769 subjects were analyzed except subjects who were undergoing treatment for cancer or metabolic disorder. According to the percent of breakfast energy intake versus their estimated energy requirement (EER), the subjects were divided into four groups: < 10% (very low, VL), 10~20% (low, L), 20~30% (moderate, M), > or = 30% (sufficient, S). All data were analyzed on the metabolic risk and nutritional state after application of weighted value and adjustment of sex, age, residential area, income, education, job or jobless, and energy intake using a general linear model or logistic regression. RESULTS: The subjects of group S were 16.9% of total subjects, group M 39.2%, group L 37.6%, and group VL 6.3%. The VL group included more male subjects, younger-aged (19 to 40 years), urban residents, higher income, higher education, and fewer breakfasts eaters together with family members. Among the 4 groups, the VL group showed the highest waist circumference, while the S group showed the lowest waist circumference, body mass index, and serum total cholesterol. The groups of VL and L with lower intake of breakfast energy showed high percent of energy from protein and fat, and low percent of energy from carbohydrate. With the increase of breakfast energy level, intake of energy, most nutrients and food groups increased, and the percentage of subjects consuming nutrients below EAR decreased. The VL group showed relatively higher intake of snacks, sugar, meat and eggs, oil, and seasonings, and the lowest intake of vegetable. Risk of obesity by waist circumference was highest in the VL group by 1.90 times of the S group and the same trend was shown in obesity by BMI. Risk of dyslipidemia by serum total cholesterol was 1.84 times higher in the VL group compared to the S group. Risk of diabetes by Glu-FBS (fasting blood sugar) was 1.57 times higher in the VL group compared to the S group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that higher breakfast energy level is positively related to lower metabolic risk and more desirable nutritional state in Korean adults. Therefore, breakfast energy intake more than 30% of their own EER would be highly recommended for Korean adults.
Adult* ; Body Mass Index ; Breakfast* ; Cholesterol ; Chronic Disease ; Dyslipidemias ; Ear ; Education ; Eggs ; Energy Intake ; Humans ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Meat ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Obesity ; Ovum ; Seasons ; Snacks ; Vegetables ; Waist Circumference

7

Cite

Share

Weight loss effects of Bariatric Surgery after nutrition education in extremely obese patients*.

Eun Ha JEONG ; Hong Chan LEE ; Jung Eun YIM

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):30-45. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.30

PURPOSE: This study was planned to determine the characteristics of extremely obese patients during Bariatric surgery and to evaluate how the difference in the number of postsurgical personal nutritional educations they received affected the weight loss. METHODS: This is a retrospective study on the basis of the medical records of extremely obese patients for 15 months after receiving gastric banding. A total of 60 people were selected as the study subjects and they were divided into the Less Educated Group and the More Educated Group according to the average number of personal nutritional educations they received. We investigated both groups to determine the general characteristic, health related lifestyle habits, obesity related complications and symptoms in possession, and eating habits before their surgery, the body composition measurement result, obesity determination indices at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months before and after their surgery, and the biochemical parameters at 6 months before and after their surgery. RESULTS: Body fat and weight showed rapid reduction until 6 months after the surgery, but thereafter reduced slowly depending on the result of body composition measurement. Regarding body fat and weight, the More Educated Group, who received nutrition education more often, showed significantly lower levels than the Less Educated Group at 15 months after surgery. Regarding BMI and degree of obesity, the More Educated Group showed significantly lower levels than the Less Educated Group at 15 months after surgery. Here, we were assured that BMI is reversely proportional to the number of personal nutritional educations at 15 months, which is more outstanding after surgery than before surgery. CONCLUSION: Long-term nutritional education is a key factor for the extremely obese patient in maintaining the effects of Bariatric surgery on weight and body fat reduction onwards. In the next stage, considering the characteristics of the study subjects, adoption of individual nutrition education is recommended for postsurgical prospective arbitration of obesity in order to monitor blood pressure, obesity related complications, symptoms in possession, and how eating habits and health related life habits change, and to judge the actual effect of the nutritional education method at the same time.
Adipose Tissue ; Bariatric Surgery* ; Blood Pressure ; Body Composition ; Eating ; Education* ; Humans ; Life Style ; Medical Records ; Negotiating ; Obesity ; Retrospective Studies ; Weight Loss*

8

Cite

Share

Effect of xylooligosaccharide-sugar mixture on defecation frequency and symptoms in young women with constipation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Jin Ho JEON ; Myungok KYUNG ; Sangwon JUNG ; Sungeun JO ; Moon Jeong CHANG

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):19-29. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.19

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of the intake of xylooligosaccharide-sugar mixture (XOS) on defecation frequency and symptoms in 56 young women (mean age of 22.1 years old) with constipation. METHODS: Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, a randomized double-blind study was performed to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks' intake of 10 g sucrose containing 7% xylooligosaccharide or 10 g sucrose on constipation. In experiment 2, 24 g coffee mixture containing 12.8 g plant cream and 11.2 g xylooligosaccharide-sugar mixture was consumed by the subjects. During the study, the clinical efficacy was assessed by using a daily diary. The subjects indicated the number of frequencies they defecated in a day and the clinical symptom scores. RESULTS: In experiment 1, the mean frequency of defecations was 2.07 in the pretreatment week and increased significantly to 4.05, 4.42, 4.84, 4.84, and 4.05 in weeks 2 to 6 of XOS intake, in comparison with the 3-3.67 with sucrose intake (sucrose, SUC). In experiment 2, the mean frequency of defecations significantly increased from 2.47 in the pretreatment week to 4.11-5.67 in weeks 1-6 of XOS intake. The occurrence of very loose or loose stools in the XOS group was significantly increased in weeks 5 and 6, compared with the pretreatment week and SUC group. XOS intake significantly alleviated the abdominal displeasure and feeling of residual stool leftness in weeks 2, 3, 5, and 6, while SUC did so in weeks 4 and 6 (p < 0.05). The coffee mixture containing xylooligosaccharide-sugar mixture reduced the abdominal displeasure and feeling of residual stool leftness from week 3 until the end of the experiment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that xylooligosaccharide-sugar mixture intake was effective, without adverse effects, for the alleviation of constipation in the young women in this study.
Coffee ; Constipation* ; Defecation* ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Plants ; Sucrose

9

Cite

Share

A study of the lipoprotein lipase inhibitory mechanism of Poncirus trifoliata water extracts.

Sung Mee LEE ; Yun Hwan KANG ; Kyoung Kon KIM ; Tae Woo KIM ; Myeon CHOE

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):9-18. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.9

PURPOSE: Poncirus trifoliata has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune activities. However, its anti-obesity activity and the mechanism by which the water extract of dried, immature fruit of Poncirus trifoliata (PF-W) acts are not clear. This study suggests a potential mechanism associated with the anti-obesity activity of PF-W. METHODS: We measured the effect of PF-W on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) regulation using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an activity assay. The LPL regulation mechanism was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to measure the mRNA expression of biomarkers related to protein transport and by western blot for analysis of the protein expression of the transcription factor CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPbeta) RESULTS: The total polyphenol and flavonoid content of PF-W was 52.15 +/- 4.02 and 6.56 +/- 0.47 mg/g, respectively. PF-W treatment decreased LPL content in media to 58 +/- 5% of that in control adipocyte media, and increased LPL content to 117 +/- 3.5% of that in control adipocytes, but did not affect the mRNA expression of LPL. PF-W also increased the mRNA expression of sortilin-related receptor (SorLA), a receptor that induces endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of LPL, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Finally, cell fractionation revealed that PF-W treatment induced the expression of C/EBPbeta, a SorLA transcription factor, in the nuclei of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. CONCLUSION: The LPL secretion and activity assay showed PF-W to be an LPL secretion inhibitor, and these results suggest the potential mechanism of PF-W involving inhibition of LPL secretion through C/EBPbeta-mediated induction of SorLA expression.
Adipocytes ; Biomarkers ; Blotting, Western ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins ; Cell Fractionation ; Endocytosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fruit ; Lipoprotein Lipase* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Poncirus* ; Protein Transport ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger ; Transcription Factors ; Water*

10

Cite

Share

Effects of an aqueous extract of purple sweet potato on nonalcoholic fatty liver in high fat/cholesterol-fed mice.

You Jin LEE ; Yoon Kyoung YANG ; You Jin KIM ; Oran KWON

Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015;48(1):1-8. doi:10.4163/jnh.2015.48.1.1

PURPOSE: Anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (PSP) have been investigated in vitro and in animals and found to have a protective effect against oxidative hepatic damage. In this study, we investigated that aqueous extract of PSP can ameliorate the dysfunction of lipid metabolism in mice fed a high fat/cholesterol diet. METHODS: Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8) and fed one of the following diets for 8 weeks; normal fat (NF) diet; high fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet; HFC with 1.25% PSP (HFPL) diet; HFC with 2.5% PSP (HFPM) diet; HFC with 5% PSP (HFPH) diet. RESULTS: Non-alcoholic fatty liver was manifested in the HFC group by showing increased levels in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), increased level of TC and presence of many large lipid droplets in the liver, and increased fat cell size in the HFC group compared with the NF group. However, administration of HFC induced a significant decrease in food intake, resulting in decrease in fat mass. Coadministration of PSP did not lead to reversal of body weight changes, ALT activity, and lipid levels in plasma and the liver, but suppressed excess enlargement of the fat cell size through increasing carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) gene expression in the liver. Accordingly, the number of fat droplets in the liver was reduced in PSP administered groups. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that PSP may have a protective effect on the dysfunction of lipid metabolism. Conduct of further studies on the coordinated regulation of PSP for lipid metabolic homeostasis at the liver-adipose tissue axis is needed.
Adipocytes ; Alanine Transaminase ; Animals ; Anthocyanins ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Body Weight Changes ; Carnitine ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Diet ; Eating ; Fatty Liver* ; Gene Expression ; Homeostasis ; Ipomoea batatas* ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver ; Mice* ; Plasma

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share