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Suckling mouse model establishment of myocarditis induced by foot-and-mouth disease vi rus

Keshan ZHANG ; Jijun HE ; Jiajun WU ; Yongjie LIU ; Weiwei CHENG ; Youjun SHANG ; Xiangtao LIU ; Xuepeng CAI

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2014;(10):987-989,996. doi:10.3969/cjz.j.issn.1002-2694.2014.10.001

Interactions between FMDV and cardiac cells are multifaceted and complex ,these interactions leads to pro-teins alterations in cardiac cells inevitably .To understand the pathogenesis of myocarditis after FMDV infection in mice ,the suckling mouse model for myocarditis induced by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was established in this study .Suckling mice within 3 days old was selected to infect by FMDV .Myocarditis caused by FMDV in suckling mice was confirmed with clinical symptom monitor .The observation of Hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E stain) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed after samples processing .According to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods ,prim-ers of VP1 gene was designed ,synthesised and specific FMDV VP1 gene was amplified from the heart muscle of suckling mice . The results indicated that suckling mice appeared low spirit condition ,dyspnea ,and dull reaction within 36 hours after chal-lenge with FMDV .Infiltration of inflammatory cells and dissolution of myocardial fibers were observed with H&E stain and TEM .Special target gene of FMDV was amplified from the heart of infected group .Obvious inflammation in the heart of suck-ling mice caused by FMDV was observed .It's suggested that suckling mouse model for myocarditis induced by FMDV was es-tablished successfully ,which would lay the foundation for researches of myocarditis mechanism in young cloven-hoofed ani-mals .

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Dynamic observation on splenocyte in mice immunized with recombinant Bi f idobacterium bi f idum (pGEX-S j26GST) of Schistosoma j aponicum

Li ZHANG ; Wengui LI ; Jianrong TAN

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2014;(10):1028-1032,1038. doi:10.3969/cjz.j.issn.1002-2694.2014.10.009

To observe the dynamic changes of splenocyte proliferation ,subsets and apoptosis in mice immunized with re-combinantBifidobacteriumbifidum(pGEX-Sj26GST)ofSchistosomajaponicum,themiceweresubcutaneously(SCgroup) and intranasally (IN group) immunized ,respectively .Four mice from each group were sacrificed in every 2 wk during 0-20 wk after immunization .Splenocyte proliferation was investigated by MTT colorimetric assay ,subsets of CD+4 and CD+8 T cells and apoptosis of splenocytes by FACsort flow cytometry .In SC group ,unstimulated and stimulated with S jAWA ,the level of splenocyte proliferation significantly increased at 4-20 wk after vaccination and increased markedly at 4-18 wk stimulated with ConA ,both of which peaked at 8 wk;in IN group ,the proliferation level of splenocyte cultured with SjAWA and ConA signif-icantly increased during the 4-18 wk ,2-10 wk and 14-18 wk ,2-8 wk and 12-18 wk ,respectively ,and all reached the maximum at the 4 wk after immunization (P＜0 .01 or P＜0 .05) .CD+4 subsets increased obviously during 2-14 wk ,2 wk and 6-16 wk re-spectively ,and reached the peak at 8 wk (P＜0 .01 or P＜0 .05) in both group ,while CD8+ subsets rose lightly during 2-20 wk in both group ,and reached the maximum at 8 wk (SC group) and 6 wk respectively (P>0 .05) .Whether unstimulated or stimulated with ConA ,the level of splenocyte apoptosis of which remarkably increased at 2-4 wk and 2-6 wk separately in SC group ,and both peaked at 2 wk (P＜0 .01 or P＜0 .05 );in IN group ,the level of splenocyte apoptosis all increased at 4 wk and reached the maximum at the same time .In summary ,by inducing the proliferation of splenocytes ,increasing CD4 + T cells and decreasing splenocyte apoptosis ,the rBb (pGEX-Sj26GST ) vaccine plays a critical role in the protective immune response .

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Fluorescence polarisation assay for detection of brucellosis

Zhanchao ZI ; Wenhua KANG ; Ying MA ; Bolin ZHAO

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2014;(10):1057-1061,1065. doi:10.3969/cjz.j.issn.1002-2694.2014.10.015

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance for infecting humans .The early diagnosis of brucellosis infection plays a significant role in the treatment and rehabilitation .This paper reviews the different methods used to diagnose brucellosis ,particularly introduces the basic principles and applications of fluorescence polarisation assay as a diagnostic tool for brucellosis ,which could provide the reference for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation on brucellosis .

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Recombinant protein of Echinococcus g ranulosus EG95

Hongmin LI ; Zhongzi LOU ; Li LI ; Zhenhua LI ; Jianqiu LI ; Hongbin YAN ; Wanzhong JIA

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2014;(10):1066-1070,1078. doi:10.3969/cjz.j.issn.1002-2694.2014.10.017

Echinococcosis (hydatid disease) caused by the metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm is a seri-ous zoonotic infection ,which leads to a large amount of economic loss in human and animals .It needs to be prevented urgently . The EG95 protein is highly conserved and crucial for survival and development of E .granulosus in the host ,which means that it is one of the potential candidate antigens for vaccines characterized so far .Great effort has been made to construct and ex-press the recombinant EG95 (rEG95) gene in various kinds of expression systems in order to obtain an efficient defined antigen . This review will summarize research progress on expression of rEG95 in different vector systems .

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Homologous modeling and function analysis on thioredoxin glutathione reductase from Schistosoma j aponicum

Jingwei HUANG ; Yutong ZHENG ; Jiahuang LI ; Zichun HUA

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2014;(10):1009-1013,1023. doi:10.3969/cjz.j.issn.1002-2694.2014.10.005

To explore the structure and function of thioredoxin glutathione reductase (TGR) from Schistosoma j aponi-cum ,the homologous model of TGR in Schistosoma j aponicum was constructed by Swiss-Pdbviewer based on sequence and structure alignment .The potential substrates binding sites of TGR were analyzed and these sites of various TGRs were also as-sessed .Our results showed that the homologous model of Schistosoma japonicum TGR based on Schistosoma mansoni TGR structure was proved to be reasonable by PROCHECK program .Analysis of binding sites showed that NADPH and GDS bind-ing sites were conservative sites and GSH binding site was a specific site for parasite .Our data suggested that inhibitors which work in NADPH and GDS binding sites of other various TGRs may also interact with TGR form Schistosoma j aponicum .GSH binding region might be one of the potential targets for design of specific inhibitors of parasite TGRs .In addition ,C-terminal of TGR plays an important role in electron transfer and may participate in the binding of the substrate .Thus compound inhibiting swing of C-terminal could effectively restrain Schistosoma j aponicum TGR activity .

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Sequential immune’s effects of traditional BCG primary immunization and IL-12 combined with Ag85A DNA booster immunization in mice

Chan WANG ; Xinmin WANG ; Rong JI ; Yuqing ZHANG ; Feiyu WANG ; Jiangdong WU ; Fang WU ; Wanjiang ZHANG ; Le ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2014;(10):997-1001,1008. doi:10.3969/cjz.j.issn.1002-2694.2014.10.003

The aim of this study is to investigate the immune effects of BCG primary immunization and IL-12 combined with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85A DNA vaccine booster immunization on mice .We randomly divided the mice into 7 groups ,namely PBS negative controls ,BCG controls ,pcAg85A controls ,BCG primary immunization combined with Ag85A booster immunization controls ,BCG primary immunization combined with Ag85A and IL-12 booster immunization controls , BCG primary immunization combined with IL-12 booster immunization controls ,and BCG primary immunization combined with pcDNA3 .1 booster immunization controls .Implementing the immune in procedure of BCG primary immunization and cytokine IL-12 booster immunization combined with mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85A DNA ,we observed the immune effect on mice by detecting the mice serum total IgG , specific lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine levels in 4 ,6 ,8 weeks after the last immunization .Comparing the mice immunized in the strategy of BCG primary immunization and cytokine IL-12 combined with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85A DNA vaccine strengthening immunization to the mice in other groups by other immune ways ,we found that ,in BCG/Ag85A+ IL-12 groups ,IgG in-creased significantly (P＜ 0 .05) ,specific lymphocyte prolifera-ted significantly ,and after strengthening immunization IFN-γlevels ,IL-2 levels and IL-4 levels in the three periods were 128 .2 ±20.4,190.2±16.51,244.2±39.14 ;146.2±17.29,271.6±16.36and16.36±28.12 ;68.6±6.62,96.6±5.5and5.5± 10 .71 ,respectively ,which were higher than those in other groups (P＜0 .05) .It’s suggested that the immunization way of BCG primary immunization and cytokine IL-12 combined with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85A DNA vaccine booster immu-nization could significantly enhance the humoral and cellular immunity of the bodies ,and provide the basis for further study on protective effect test in animals .

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Comparison of Brucellacapt and iELISA in serological diagnosis of brucellosis

Na ZHAO ; Chihong ZHAO ; Rong RONG ; Pei XIAO ; Yan SUN ; Na WANG ; Buyun CUI

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2014;(10):1045-1047,1051. doi:10.3969/cjz.j.issn.1002-2694.2014.10.012

Brucellacapt is a new serological test based on immunocapture-agglutination technique that has been used in many countries ,but there was no related article reported in China .The value of the Brucellacapt method in diagnosing human brucellosis was evaluated in this study .Among 120 suspected patients ,75 patients and 45 negatives were diagnosed by SAT and RBPT method combination with their clinical symptoms .Sera from all 120 people were tested by the method of Brucella-capt and iELISA ,and the results were ,consequently ,analyzed and compared .It showed that sensitivity ,specificity ,consis-tency rate ,Kappa value ,and area under ROC curve were found to be 82 .7% ,88 .9% ,85 .0% ,0 .69 ,and 0 .86 ,respectively for Brucellacapt ,whereas they were found to be 90 .7% ,64 .4% ,80 .8% ,0 .57 ,and 0 .78 for iELISA .In conclusion ,specific-ity ,consistency rate ,Kappa value ,and area under ROC curve were higher in Brucellacapt method than that in iELISA .How-ever ,the sensitivity of iELISA is higher .

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Diagnosis and therapy of cerebral cysticercosis with 6 case reports attached

xing Yu WEN ; hao Shi ZHENG ; song Shao HUANG ; Wei LIN

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2017;33(10):943-945. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2694.2017.10.019

We explored the feature and therapeutic methods of cerebral cysticercosis.The effect of different surgical treatment was analyzed on 6 patients with cerebral cysticercosis who had undergone surgery at Fujian Provincial Hospital.Results showed that 2 of 6 cases underwent an excision of ventricle or cisternalcysticercus.Three cases were performed an excision of brain parenchyma cysticercus.The decompressivecraniectomy under bilateral temporalis was performed on 1 patient with cerebral cysticercosis.One case underwent ventriculo-peritoneal shunt because of hydrocephalus after a year of follow-up.The operations of 6 cases were all successfully performed.All patients recovered well after the operation.No newly neurobiological injuries were observed.Timely and accurate neurosurgery contributes to reduce the incidence of complications and cut down disability rate of cerebral cysticercosis,and buy time and fight for an opportunity for drug therapy of cerebral cysticercosis as well.It significantly improves the safety and therapeutic effect of anti-cysticercosis drugs.

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Research progress of infection and drug-resistances mechanism of Enterobacter cloacae

ting Ting FENG ; he Jia WANG

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2017;33(10):938-942. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2694.2017.10.018

Enterobacter cloacae is a facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria,and it mainly causes pulmonary infection.It was one of the most common conditioned pathogens in recent years,and its treatment and drug resistances have attracted more and more attention.Meanwhile,there were many further studies about antimicrobial susceptibility and drug-resistance mechanisms of E.cloacae.E.cloacae shows multi-drug resistance to antibiotics through complex resistant mechanisms.The study gives a brief review on the infection treatments and drug-resistance mechanisms of Enterobacter cloacae.

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Cost effectiveness analysis of monitoring measures for eliminating malaria at different stages in Fujian, China

yan Chun HUANG ; zhu Fa YANG ; Rong OUYANG ; yun Zhu CHEN ; ying Shan ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Zoonoses.2017;33(10):933-937. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2694.2017.10.017

Using the theory and method of health economics,we analyzed CER and ICER in early elimination stage (2005-2009),the late elimination stage (2015-2010) and the post elimination phase (2016-).Results showed that annual total cost of investment was as following:64 235 144.8 Yuan in early elimination stage,11 250 248 Yuan in the late elimination stage,and 11 075 228.8 Yuan the post elimination phase.Effect analysis showed that the difference of the three-stage monitoring measures was statistically significant (P＜0.01).Number of cases within 3 days of onset (rate) prompt monitoring measures had the best effect in the late elimination stage,number of blood tests (rates),number of cases reported (rates) and number of cases within 1 days of onset (rate).Prompt monitoring measures had the best effect in the post elimination phase.CER and IC-ER showed that taking the number of blood test as the effect index,the monitoring measures in the late elimination stage were more cost effective.The number of cases reported,number of cases within 3 days of onset and number of cases within 1 day of onset were as the effect index,the monitoring measures in the post elimination phase were more cost effective.The elimination effect for monitoring measures after stage was optimal,cost the least,and might be the most effective.The study provides basic data for Fujian Province to strengthen the monitoring of imported cases of malaria on the construction of the management mechanism,and scientific and effective evaluation of monitoring measures,which has very important practical value and significance.

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