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Detection and genotype analysis of sapovirus associated with sporadic diarrhea in Shenzhen in 2009.

Yan-ge WANG ; Ya-qing HE ; Wen-long XIANG ; Yu-xue LIAO ; Qing CHEN ; Shou-yi YU ; Gui-fang HU

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):1017-1019.

OBJECTIVETo conduct an epidemiological and genotype analysis of sapovirus (SaV) associated with sporadic diarrhea in Shenzhen in the year 2009.

METHODSA total of 852 fecal samples were collected from sporadic cases of diarrhea in Shenzhen in 2009 and detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the primers of SLV5317/5749. The PCR products were analyzed with 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and sequenced to construct the phylogenetic tree.

RESULTSSixteen samples were found positive for SaV, with a positivity rate of 1.88%. Sequence analysis identified 8 isolates as SaV GI genotype (including 3 SaV GI.1 and 5 SaV GI.2), 7 as SaV GIV genotype, and 1 as GII genotype.

CONCLUSIONSSaV infection is present in Shenzhen with GI as the predominant genotype. This is the first report of SaV GIV strains in China, which differs from the strains of Anhui-A141 and Beijing-CHN99/BJ360, suggesting the genotypic variety of SaV infection in China.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sapovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Young Adult

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Hypoadiponectinemia leads to insulin resistance in OLETF rats: a preliminary study.

Yu GUO ; Bo ZHU ; Chen-zhong LI ; Yong-hua PAN ; Yan ZHANG ; Yao-ming XUE

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):1014-1016.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between plasma adiponectin and insulin resistance in OLETF rats.

METHODSTwenty male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and 10 male Long-evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 13 and 40 weeks of age. At 8, 32 and 40 weeks of age, the rats were sacrificed to measure the blood glucose, plasma insulin and adiponectin levels, and serum levels of TG, CHOL and FFA.

RESULTSThe plasma adiponectin level was significantly decreased in 8-week-old OLETF rats compared with that of LETO rats (P<0.05). The plasma insulin level, TG, CHOL, and FFA were significantly higher in OLETF rats than in LETO rats at 32 and 40 weeks of age.

CONCLUSIONA decreased plasma level of adiponectin preludes insulin resistance and is inversely correlated to insulin sensitivity. Hypoadiponectinemia may be an important reason leading to insulin resistance.

Adiponectin ; blood ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; metabolism ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred OLETF ; Rats, Long-Evans

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Safety and efficacy of Entecavir combined with Adefovir in patients with chronic hepatitis B who fail to respond to nucleoside analog treatment.

Li YAN ; Zhan-hui WANG ; Jie YANG ; Bin ZHOU ; Ya-bing GUO ; Jie PENG ; Jian SUN ; Jin-lin HOU

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):1009-1013.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combined therapy with entecavir (ETV) and adefovir (ADV) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who experienced failure of treatment with single or multiple nucleoside analogs, and analyze the factors that affect the patients response to the treatment.

METHODSForty-five CHB patients who experienced treatment failure with sequential or/and combined nucleoside analogs received the combined therapy with entecavir and adefovir lasting for at least 6 months. The viroloigcal response (VR), biochemical response (BR) and combined response (CR) at 24 and 48 weeks of the treatment were evaluated. Univairante analysis was used to identify the factors that affect the response to the anti-viral therapy.

RESULTSThe VR, BR and CR were 67.7%, 77.8% and 57.8% at 24 weeks, as compared to 76.2%, 78.6% and 61.9% at 48 weeks, respectively. The VR differed significantly between patients with a baseline HBV DNA level [lg(copies/ml)] of 3-6 and those with a level over 6 (85.2% vs 40%, Z=-4.796, P=0.037) at 48 weeks. The presence and absence of cirrhosis at the initial treatment significantly affected the BR at 24 weeks (17.1% vs 82.9%, P=0.048) and at 48 weeks (23.8% vs 76.2%, P=0.023).

CONCLUSIONEntecavir combined with adefovir is an effective rescue therapy in CHB patients after failure of treatment with nucleoside analogs. Patients with a lower baseline HBV DNA level without cirrhosis may have better response to the combined treatment.

Adenine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Guanine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleosides ; therapeutic use ; Organophosphonates ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Failure

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Quality inspection of commercial Bupluri Radix samples in Guangzhou: an ELISA for determining saikosaponin A content using anti-saikosaponin A monoclonal antibody.

Li-ling MA ; Ming-ming TAN ; Zhi CHAO

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):1006-1008.

OBJECTIVETo inspect the quality of commercially available Chaihu (Bupluri Radix, a common traditional Chinese herbal drug) in Guangzhou by determining the content of saikosaponin A (SSa) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

METHODSA competitive ELISA system using mouse anti-saikosaponin A monoclonal antibody was established for determining SSa content. Commercial samples of Chaihu were obtained from 10 drug stores in Guangzhou, and SSa contents in the methanol extracts of these samples were determined using the ELISA system.

RESULTSThe detection range of this competitive assay was 0.16-2.5 µg/ml for determining SSa contents. In the 10 commercial Chaihu samples, SSa contents in the methanol extract determined by this method ranged from 0.32 µg/mg to 6.87 µg/mg, and 3 samples showed a SSa content lower than the minimum requirement documented in the Chinese Pharmacopeia.

CONCLUSIONThis competitive ELISA is sensitive, rapid, economic and environment-friendly for SSa determination, especially suitable for batch determination. The results of SSa detection for the commercial Chaihu samples demonstrate an uneven quality of Chaihu in Guangzhou market, suggesting the necessity of more rigorous quality control measures for this drug.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Quality Control ; Saponins ; analysis

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Immune function changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.

Zheng-gong LI ; Tao-ping LI ; Hong YE ; Yuan FENG ; Dan-qing LI

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):1003-1005.

OBJECTIVETo explore the potential changes in the immune function of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

METHODSWe carried out a retrospective cross-sectional study of 187 patients with established OSAHS and 20 healthy subjects (control). For all the patients, the medical history was carefully examined, and overnight sleep monitoring was carried out with detection of the humoral and cellular immunity.

RESULTSWe found a significant increase in the levels of C3 and a decrease in both the IgM level and NK cell percentage in OSAHS patients as compared to the control group (P<0.01). Correlation analysis indicated that C3 was positive correlated to AHI but inversely to the lowest pulse oxygen saturation (LSpO(2)); IgM showed a mild positively correlation to LSpO(2), and NK cells had a mild inverse correlation to AHI. The other immunological indices were not found to undergo noticeable changes or show correlations in OSAHS.

CONCLUSIONImmune function changes occur in patients with OSAHS, characterized primarily by deteriorations in the humoral and cellular immunity.

Adult ; Antibody Formation ; Complement C3 ; analysis ; Complement C4 ; analysis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; immunology

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Pathogenic and tumorigenic effect of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in mouse colon and ovarian.

Xin LI ; Li-Na YU ; Qing-Ling ZHANG ; Lu QI ; Yan-Qing DING

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):999-1002.

OBJECTIVETo study the pathogenic and tumorigenic effect of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) on the colon and ovaries of mice.

METHODSSixty ICR female mice were randomly divided into groups A and B for intraperitoneal injection of DMH (20 mg/kg) and saline (control) once a week for 24 weeks, respectively. The mice were sacrificed at 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 weeks after the first DMH injection for pathological examination of the colon and ovaries.

RESULTSIn group A, colorectal adenomas were found in 7, colorectal adenocarcinomas in 5, and hemorrhagic lesions of the ovaries with chronic inflammatory in 21 mice. Choriocarcinoma in the ovaries were detected in one mouse at 28 weeks and in another at 32 weeks. No obvious pathological changes were found in group B following the injections.

CONCLUSIONIntraperitoneal injection of DMH may induce colon tumors and ovarian diseases in mice.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine ; toxicity ; Animals ; Colon ; drug effects ; pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Ovarian Diseases ; chemically induced ; Ovary ; drug effects ; pathology

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The comparison between the vascular endothelial cells special cdc42-deficient heterozygous mice and the non-knockout mice on lung tissue pathological change and vasopermeability in acute lung injury.

Guo-dong HU ; Ying-hua CHEN ; Wan-cheng TONG ; Yuan-xiong CHENG ; Lin ZHANG ; Lei ZHANG ; Shao-xi CAI

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):995-998.

OBJECTIVETo compare the change of lung tissue and vasopermeability between the vascular endothelial cells special cdc42-deficient heterozygous mice and the non-knockout mice in acute lung injury.

METHODSThe mice with vascular endothelial cell-specific expression of cre recombinase were crossed with cdc42(flox/flox) mice. The cdc42(flox/+)Cre(+/-) F1 offspring mice were crossed back with cdc42(flox/flox) mice, resulting in the F2 generation mice with three genotypes, namely cdc42(flox/+)Cre(+/-), cdc42(flox/flox)Cre(-/-) and cdc42(flox/+)Cre(+/-). The heterozygous mice with cdc42(flox/+)Cre(+/-) genotype were selected as the model mice, with the other two genotype groups as the control. After intratracheal instillation of 2 mg/kg LPS to induce acute lung injury, the mice were sacrificed to examine the lung pathologies, lung wet/dry ratio and lung microvascular permeability.

RESULTSThe heterozygous mice with cdc42 gene knockout (cdc42(flox/+)Cre(+/-)) showed no significant differences from the two control groups in the lung pathological score, lung wet/dry ratio or the lung microvascular permeability coefficient.

CONCLUSIONThere were no significant difference on lung tissue and vasopermeability between the vascular endothelial cells special cdc42-deficient heterozygous mice and the non-knockout mice.

Acute Lung Injury ; pathology ; Animals ; Capillary Permeability ; Endothelial Cells ; pathology ; Integrases ; genetics ; Lung ; blood supply ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein ; genetics

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Gefitinib enhances the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 in vitro.

Ben-fu HE ; Ai-min SUN ; Bi-yan HUANG ; Wen-jun WANG ; Xiao-kang ZHENG ; Rong-cheng LUO

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):991-994.

OBJECTIVETo study the radiosensitizing effect of gefitinib on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 in vitro.

METHODSNasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 was cultured in RP2MI 1640. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the cell proliferation changes in response to gefitinib treatment and the radiosensitizing effect of gefitinib. The cell survival curves and sensitive enhancement ratio (SERs) were obtained with a clonogenic assay. Flow cytometry analysis was applied to detect the cell cycle changes and cell apoptosis.

RESULTSMTT assay showed that cells exposed to gefitinib and radiation had a significantly lower survival ratio compared to the cells with radiation exposure only (0.582∓0.012 vs 0.398∓0.016, P=0.002), with a SER of 1.535∓0.134. The S phase cell percentage was significantly decreased and G(2)-M phase cells increased in gefitinib plus radiation group (P=0.000), suggesting a synergistic effect of gefitinib and radiation.

CONCLUSIONGefitinib can enhance the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells in vitro possibly by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing cell apoptosis, and causing changes in the cell cycle distribution.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Quinazolines ; pharmacology ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects

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Perinatal management and outcome of different types of fetal arrhythmia.

Can YAN ; Yan-hong YU ; Shu-yuan Ou YANG ; Sheng-li LI ; Yuan YAO ; Cong-ying CHEN ; Hua-xuan WEN ; Zhi-lian XIAO ; Yu-mei LIAO

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):987-990.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the perinatal management and outcome of different types of fetal arrhythmia.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted among the fetuses with arrhythmia identified by M-mode and pulsed Doppler echocardiography in a single institution between October 2003 and December 2010.

RESULTSA total of 130 fetuses were found to have fetal arrhythmia. The most common arrhythmia during pregnancy was extrasystole (n=59), followed by bradycardia (n=23), tachycardia (n=16), atrial flutter (AF, n=3), atrioventricular block (AVB, n=12) and other arrhythmia (n=17). The overall incidence of cardiac anomalies (commonly fetal bradycardia) was 9.2% in these cases. The prognosis of arrhythmia differed significantly between cases of different classifications. The type of fetal arrhythmia (P=0.024), presence of congenital heart defect (CHD, P=0.000) and fetal hydrops (P=0.008) were significant risk factors associated with termination of pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONFetal arrhythmias without CHD or hydrops under close monitoring often have good clinical outcome, while fetal bradycardia is associated with a high mortality rate. CHD and the presence of fetal hydrops are significant risk factors for pregnancy termination.

Adult ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Young Adult

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Clinical application of digitized three-dimensional image reconstruction for surgical simulation in living-related kidney transplantation.

Cheng LI ; Chi-hua FANG ; Xiao-feng LI ; Ke-xiao LI

Journal of Southern Medical University.2011;31(6):983-986.

OBJECTIVETo study the application of digitized three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction in living-related kidney transplantation.

METHODSThe image data of 16-slice spiral CT in 5 cases of living-related kidney transplantation were collected to reconstruct the 3D model of the donor and recipient, which were then imported in the FreeForm Modeling System. The optimal surgical approach for each individual case was planned and simulated for verification. During the actual surgeries, the surgical findings were compared against the reconstructed model and the results of simulated surgery.

RESULTSThe 3D model clearly displayed the anatomy of the kidney and the variation of the related vessels. The optimal surgical approaches were planned through the simulated surgery. The anatomy of the kidney and the related vessels found in the actual surgeries were consistent with that displayed by the reconstructed 3D model. All the operations were completed successfully according to the surgical plan, and the patients recovered uneventfully without obvious complications.

CONCLUSIONThree-dimensional reconstruction and simulated surgery allow optimization of the surgical approaches of living-related kidney transplantation to ensure successful operation and minimize the surgical risks.

Computer Simulation ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Kidney Transplantation ; diagnostic imaging ; methods ; Living Donors ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

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