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Attachment Styles And Death Anxiety Among Pregnant Women In Pakistan

Saba Zer Naz Hafsa ; Maryam Bibi ; Irum Naqvi ; Rabia Shaheen ; Marium Umbreen ; Aqsa Shahid

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(1):1-10.

The present study was designed to investigate the attachment styles and death anxiety among pregnant women. In order to meet the study objectives sample of (n=62) was recruited from hospitals of Rawalpindi (i.e., Maryam Memorial and Cantonment Hospital) and Islamabad (i.e., Shifa Medicine Hospital and Poly Clinic). Age range of the sample was 18 to 45 years. Attachment styles were assessed by Experience in Close Relationship Revised-Questionnaire (ECR-R) and death anxiety was assessed with Death Anxiety Scale. The findings revealed that there was significant positive correlation between attachment styles and death anxiety (p<0.05) and it was found that pregnant women scored low on secure attachment style. Younger pregnant women were high on preoccupied, fearful and dismissing attachment style as compare to older age pregnant women. Women with first pregnancy scored high on anxious, dismissing, and fearful attachment style as compare to women with second and third pregnancy. Pregnant women had pregnancy loss feel more death anxiety as compare to pregnant women with no history of pregnancy loss. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 22 (2): March 2021: 1-10.

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Prevalence Of Depressive Disorders And Associated Demographic Factors Among Refugees Amidst Covid-19 In Nakivale Refugee Camp In Southwestern Uganda

Amir Kabunga ; Lucas Goodgame Anyayo

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(1):1-11.

The COVID-19 pandemic and health measures to prevent it have unprecedented effects on the mental health of the refugees. However, the situation of refugees in developing countries is unclear. Thus, this study estimated the prevalence of and associated demographic factors during COVID-19 pandemic. The methodology employed a cross-sectional survey carried out in June 2020 in which 146 adult refugees from Nakivale settlement camp were randomly selected to fill out a questionnaires-demographics and PHQ9. Results revealed that the majority of respondents were female (53%) and 47% had a depressive disorder. There was no statistical relationship between demographics (gender, age and marital status) and depressive disorders. In Conclusion, findings indicate that depressive disorders are prevalent among refugees in Nakivale settlement and it is important to identify refugees affected mentally and given proper treatment.

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Telepsychiatry Experience During The Covid-19 Pandemic At The Razi Psychiatric Hospital In Iran-A Case Report

Fatemeh Sadat Bateni ; Mansoureh Kiani Dehkordi ; Ali Motallebi ; Negar Kiani yousefzadeh ; Mostafa Heidari ; Fereshte Momeni ; Ali Ebrahimi

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(1):12-.

Objective: During the COVID-19, Telehealth attention and use have been increased in all medical fields. We decided to share our experience on the Sabatavan platform in a Psychiatric Hospital. Methods: One patient diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder and depression participated 4 sessions in the Sabatavan platform and mental status examination, diagnosis, medication dose adjustment, and psychoeducation about conditions and medication performed through the psychiatrist's Sabatavan platform. Results: According to our experience, Telepsychiatry was some benefits, such as the possibility of more communication between the therapists and patient, easy use of both patient and clinicians, more Accessibility of the patients and their families to psycho educational data. Lack of Tele pharmacy to change or renew the drug prescription and the impossibility of comprehensive examination and documentation of the patient's progress and changes, and lack of standard and official guidelines is challenging for Tele psychiatry. Conclusion: Telepsychiatry is an excellent mechanism for providing high-level care to physicians and psychiatrists in Iran.

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Research Of The Factors Affecting Depression, Anxä°Ety And Stress Levels Of Individuals In The Covid-19 Pandemic Process

Esat Sanh ; Mehmet Celal kefeli

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(1):1-13.

As in all cases, individuals' psychological reactions differ from each other in critical processes such as in pandemic. It is important to determine which factors are more threatening to individuals' mental health. In this context, in the study it is aimed to measure the depression, anxiety and stress responses of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic process in Turkish society and to research whether there is a significant difference according to some variables such as gender, age, marital status, time spent at home during the pandemic process, social media usage level, whether a relative is positive or not, and whether the workload increases or decreases during the pandemic process. Methods: In this research, a descriptive method has been used in the relational screening model. The sample consists of a total of 881 participants, 484 of which are women and 397 men. The personal information form has been used as a measurement tool, and the DASS-21 scale has been used to determine the levels of depression, anxiety and stress. Since the data do not show normal distribution, non-parametric analysis methods have been used. Results: In the study, it was understood that gender, marital status, age, duration of social media use, a COVID-19 positive relative, staying at home and increased workload had significant effects on psychological reactions. Suggestions are given in the light of the research findings.

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Spectrum of Mri Findings in Pediatric Epilepsy–Medical and Surgical Causes of Epilepsy in Children And its’ Radiological Correlation

Ojaswi B khandediya ; Sujoy S Mani ; Priti Kapoor ; Vishal A Singh

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(1):00-.

Introduction: Epilepsy is the common condition encountered in both adults and pediatric population. It occurs as a result of various spectrum of etiology ranging from infections to tumors. EEG and Neurosonogram can characterize the type of epilepsy; however, imaging is the only tool to identify the lesion, its location, and extent and resection possibility. CT was the only modality before the era of MRI. However, CT was only used to identify the lesion with hemorrhage and calcification. It is having the disadvantage of having poor spatial resolution and using radiation. The era of MRI has changed the imaging due to its higher spatial resolution, gray white matter differentiation, status of myelination and non-utilization of radiation. Purpose: The aim of study was to detect and characterize various lesions causing epilepsy in pediatric age group (0-12 years) and also to detect frequency with which they occurred using MRI. Methods: The study was performed on 50 children under the age of 12 years over a period of 1 year who presented with epilepsy. Patients with trauma and febrile seizure disorders were excluded. Conventional and contrast MRI was performed in all cases and lesions were characterized in location, signal intensity, and other features. Results: The mean age group of the study population was 1-5 years. Generalized seizures constituted the major seizure group. Our study shows infection as the most common etiology followed by mesial temporal sclerosis and Focal cortical dysplasia. It was followed by neoplastic etiology, phacomatosis and demyelinating diseases. Conclusion: MRI is the imaging modality of choice in the evaluation of pediatric patients presenting with epilepsy. Proper MRI seizure protocol helps to establish the correct diagnosis, plan the management according to diagnosis as well as helps in prognosis.

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Set-Up Madness: A Review

Saeed Shoja Shafti

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(2):1-8.

Psychosis can be defined as a mental disorder in which a person’s thoughts, affective response, ability to recognize reality, and ability to communicate and relate to others are sufficiently impaired to grossly interfere with his or her capacity to deal with reality. The classical characteristics of psychosis are impaired reality testing, hallucinations, delusions, and illusions. While factitious disorder and malingering are usually acknowledged as contrived psychiatric conditions for acquisition of interior or exterior profits, respectively, another alternative, also, exists that though is not manufactured individually, is enforced peripherally. Such cases, which are usually referred by the judge’s ruling, for evaluation and treatment, are more important than comparable simulated or genuine mental conditions, because incorrect diagnosis, or careless, cagily, and guarded validation of preliminary diagnosis that has been issued in the authorized or emergency department, can seriously endanger the individual’s civil rights, while it should not be overlooked that incorrect diagnosis is a kind of malpractice that may harm an individual awfully. In the present article the clinical picture of the said situation, in addition to some case histories, and recommendable hints for differential diagnosis between different types of psychoses, has been discussed.

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Alcohol Addiction Brings Many Health Problems

Sinisa Franjic

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(2):1-6.

Objectives: Alcoholism is a chronic addiction to alcoholic beverages. It is manifested through a strong desire to drink, loss of control when drinking, symptoms of physical withdrawal and increased tolerance to alcohol. Alcohol addiction is a severe mental disorder because it leads to a pathological process, which changes the way the brain functions. Alcoholism in the long run causes a whole range of serious health problems such as cirrhosis of the liver, alcohol poisoning, heart disease, kidney disease as well as a whole range of mental disorders. There are numerous and indirect consequences of alcoholism in the form of traffic accidents and accidents at work. Frequent alcohol consumption is one of the important criminogenic factors resulting in an increased crime rate. Attitudes towards drinking are formed already in childhood and early adolescence, and very often according to the model of identification with loved ones. Alcoholism as such is a familial disease.

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Cognitive Deficits And Alcohol Dependence Syndrome – A Paradigm Relationship

Madhusudhan S ; Anitha A ; Sharon Ruth

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(2):1-7.

Objectives: Background- Chronic alcohol use causes not only physical consequences but causes cognitive deficits also. 50 and 80% of the Alcohol dependent syndrome patients present with cognitive deficits. These cognitive deficits will significantly contribute to poor functional outcomes which lead to reduced health related quality of life. Objectives- To assess Cognitive deficits in Alcohol Dependent syndrome (ADS). To find the relationship between early onset of alcohol use, duration of Alcohol use and large quantity of alcohol use with Cognitive deficit pattern. MethodA cross sectional study was done on 38 patients with ADS, aged 18- 45 years, education ≥7th std, with no major psychiatric or medical co- morbidities. AUDIT scale was administered to look for dependence pattern, CIWA scale was applied to look for withdrawal symptoms. MoCA scale was applied to screen for cognitive impairment in patient with MMSE score (25 and above). In subjects with cognitive impairment on MoCA scale (25 and below), neuropsychological assessment was done using neuropsychological battery of test from NIMHANS Neuropsych battery standardised on Indian Population. Results- There was impairment in the Cognitive domains as follows, speed of processing (BACS - 100%), attention (DF- 97%) working memory (DF-97%, DB-100%, LNS - 84%), visual memory (100%), visuospatial memory (78%), executive functions (CT2 -92%), reasoning and problem solving (maze- 81%) in majority and a significant relation between early onset of alcohol use, duration of Alcohol use. Conclusions- There is a significant impairment in the areas of speed of processing, attention, executive functions, reasoning and problem solving domains. Significant association between Age of onset of ADS (Early onset) with Executive functions. Attention domain was found to be associated with longer duration of alcohol intake, whereas working memory deficits was associated with large quantity of alcohol intake.

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Cyberchondria Severity, Health Anxiety, And Health Locus Of Control: The Mediation Role Of Covid-19 Anxiety

Mahfouz Abdelsattar ; Esraa Derar ; Ashraf Atta M.S. Salem ; Fatemah Al-Mujaim

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(2):1-11.

The current study investigates the relationship among Cyberchondria severity level, health anxiety and health locus of control as a direct response for COVID-19 anxiety among Arab people in the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) and the Gulf States. The study employed four main scales; The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Syndrome (CASS), Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS). Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI) and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control – Form C (MHLC-C). The study sample consists of 573 respondents from 15 Arab countries; 243 (42.4%) males and 330 (57.6%) females. Results of the study showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the study participants in the study variables; cyberchondria severity levels, health anxiety, and health locus of control during COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, findings revealed that cyberchondria severity was positively elated o health anxiety (r=0.14, p.03). The mediation simple model revealed that high levels of COVID-19 anxiety syndrome symptoms lead to increased levels of health anxiety, whereas, COVID-19 anxiety and health anxiety cannot mediate the relationship between cyberchondria and health locus of control. Based on the study results, it is recommended that individuals form different Arab countries differ in their COVID-19 anxiety syndrome symptoms which may lead to heightened levels of internet use to seek health information and health anxiety. Also, individuals are characterized by external locus of control, they view that protection from COVID-19 infection depends mainly on the external health systems and other experienced physicians.

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Complex Method For Assessing The Psychophysiological State Of The Arctic Zone Of Russia Residents

Solovievskaya N.L ; Konstantin G. Korotkov

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry.2021;22(2):1-4.

Objectives: For the timely detection of the people's health problems in the Arctic zone we used in parallel methods of heart rhythm variability (HRV) and gas-discharge visualization (GDV). Subjects: A group of 120 volunteers - male residents of Murmansk region in Russia's Arctic zone divided into two age groups: 58 people aged 31.54±5.69 and 62 people aged 54.31±7.26 participated in a study. Results: Age-related differences in the associated indicators of GDV grams and HRV were shown with many correlations between the two methods. Conclusions: The results obtained testify to a deep interrelation and coherence of the system energetic processes of metabolism in the human body, and the fact that the human body is an integral complex hierarchical system of information-energetic interactions, the scientific study, and understanding of which can lead to further advances in both fundamental pieces of knowledges and contribute to the optimization of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of non-infectious diseases. The results obtained confirm the validity of using the selected set of methods as promising methods for evaluating the human body's psychophysiological state for further practical implementation in practical health care.

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