Medical Education and Medical Practice in Korea.
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):92-100. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.92
Yonsei Medical Journal
to Present ISSN: 0513-5796
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Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):80-91. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.80
Family planning is a very complex matter and has many ramifications so that one may expect a variety of problems besetting operation of family planning programs. One of the problems advocated so far is the drop-out rate or delinquent appointment rate of family planning clinics which is known to be as high as to deserve special attention. It is an urgent issue to be studied so that the family planning clinics could take measures to insure the continued optimal utilization of the services offered. Hence, the Nanakuli Family Planning Clinic was chosen as a sample to study and find out any differences and similarities between the "Delinquents" and "Non-delinquents" of the clinic, hoping that any meaningful facts brought out by this study could get the clinic to have the optimal utilization of the services by it's clients. Specific conclusions resulting from this study are the optimal utilization of family planning service by clients could not be expected without providing provisions for the biological, situational, and environmental problems of the clients as well as the administrative and managerial problems besetting the clinic operation itself.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Contraceptive Agents/supply & distribution ; Contraceptive Devices/supply & distribution ; Contraceptives, Oral/supply & distribution ; Family Planning/manpower ; Family Planning/utilization* ; Female ; Hawaii ; Human ; Middle Age ; Pregnancy
Adolescent ; Adult ; Contraceptive Agents/supply & distribution ; Contraceptive Devices/supply & distribution ; Contraceptives, Oral/supply & distribution ; Family Planning/manpower ; Family Planning/utilization* ; Female ; Hawaii ; Human ; Middle Age ; Pregnancy
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: A Case Report.
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):76-79. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.76
Aneurysmal bone cyst is not encountered frequently and only one previous instance of this lesion of the patella has been reported in the literature. This case, a twenty-two years old R.O.K. army soldier, complained of pain and swelling in the knee joint. Radiologically, the patella was involved, showing a large oval, lytic decreased density with a sharply circumscribed expanded thin margin within the entire patella with an irregular margin at the middle of the articular surface. The patella was excised. Pathological examination revealed grossly and microscopically an aneurysmal bone cyst. The patient made an uneventful recovery, and, two years later, he had a stable knee and no complaints.
Adult ; Bone Cysts*/pathology ; Case Report ; Human ; Male ; Patella*/blood supply ; Patella*/injuries ; Patella*/pathology
Adult ; Bone Cysts*/pathology ; Case Report ; Human ; Male ; Patella*/blood supply ; Patella*/injuries ; Patella*/pathology
A Statistical Observation on Medico-Legal Autopsy and Inspection in Korea.
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):71-75. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.71
The following is a summary of results in 36 cases of inspection and 2,195 cases of unnatural death accumulated through the medico-legal autopsy up to the year of 1968. The deaths due to violence administered to the head was very common and for the natural sudden death due to diseases of the circulatory system shows the largest number. 1. The numbers of autopsies done for unantural death were 2,159 cases of which 1,377 cases were male and 782 cases female. 2. The numbers of inspection were 36 cases. 3. Injuries leading to the cause of the death were the largest number being 736 cases or 34.1 percents and death due to the starvation was the smallest number being 2 cases or 0.1 percent. 4. Asphyxial deaths were 209 cases or 9.7 percent of the total and drownings were 75 cases, being the largest number among the death. 5. For the deaths due to injury skull fractures and brain injuries were the leading causes. 6. Death from freezing and electrocution were the only examples of death due to cold, burning and electricity. 7. There were 2cases of starvation. 8. Infanticides were 30 cases or 1.4 percents of the total number. 9. Deaths due to the poison were 382 cases of which 11.7 per cents were from drug ingestion, barbiturate being most common. 10. For the sudden natural death 588 cases or 27.2 percents of the total recorded and the diseases of the circulatory system accounted for 145 of the cases. 11. Cause of death, unknown, due to the severe decomposition of the body were 203 cases or 9.4 percents of the total number.
Asphyxia ; Autopsy* ; Brain Injuries ; Death, Sudden ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Human ; Infanticide ; Korea ; Male ; Poisoning ; Starvation ; Statistics* ; Wounds and Injuries
Asphyxia ; Autopsy* ; Brain Injuries ; Death, Sudden ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Human ; Infanticide ; Korea ; Male ; Poisoning ; Starvation ; Statistics* ; Wounds and Injuries
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):65-70. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.65
Brass' theoretical model of fertility was applied to the tabulated data of the specific demographic sampling survey (BOS, 1966) in order to assess and to estimate fertility rates in Korea. The estimated total fertility rate, age pattern of fertility rate and other related findings are summarized as follows: 1) In estimating fertility rates throughout the model, the ratios of estimated average parity (Bi) to cumulative current fertility (Fi) showed that the model is only applicable to the data from sub-sample 2 of the rural area. 2) The level of fertility in terms of the total fertility rate in the rural area was in the range of 6.49 to 6.62, remaining at this high level until 1966. 3) The corrected age (grouped in five years)specific birth rates in the rural area by the model were fl=0.015, f2=0.243, f3=0.427, f4=0.278, f5=0.232, f6=0.093 and f7=0.011. These rates followed the general shape of age specific fertility schedule but the level in each age group (except 15-19) was higher than that of such countries as rural Japan (Aoki, 1967), rural Taiwan (Lu, 1967) and Ryukyu (Gov. of Ryukyu, 1967) respectively. 4) In the urban area, every Bi/Fi ratio was above 1.000. This indicated that if "reference period" error was small the current fertility had been downward in recent years against the estimated average panty. 5) Errors due to either recall lapse or interviewer's bias in reporting birth events during the "reference period" was found for older women. However, the errors seemed to be small because recall period during which live births occurred was for the preceeding eighteen instead of twelve months. Out of these eighteen-month events only twelve month births were counted and tabulated. 6) Sub-sample 2 showed a less distorted degree of non-sampling error in comparison to sub-sample 1 in terms of Bi/Fi. 7) Both in the urban and rural areas fertility started relatively late (fl/f2=0.072, f2/f3=0.449 in the rural area; fl/f2=0.063, f2/f3=0.572 in the urban area).
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Birth Rate ; Demography* ; Family Planning ; Female ; Fertility* ; Human ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Middle Age ; Models, Theoretical ; Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Rural Population ; Urban Population
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Birth Rate ; Demography* ; Family Planning ; Female ; Fertility* ; Human ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Middle Age ; Models, Theoretical ; Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Rural Population ; Urban Population
An Electron Microscopic Study on the Junctional Complex in Frog Epithelia.
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):56-64. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.56
Electron microscopy on the skin of young frogs, Rana temporaria, has been carried out with particular reference to cellular attachment sites. For the first time now several technical developments allow a more detailed visualization of the fine structure within the cellular attachment sites as well as making it possible to show the ultrastructural morphology of the junctional complexes, and to demonstrate that the desmosomes are regularly distributed around each skin cell, especially in the S. granulosum. The relations of these findings to those of previous investigations concerning the functional organization of the junctional complexes and to the findings in skin cancer from a cellular adhesion view point have been briefly discussed.
Animal ; Anura ; Cell Membrane ; Epithelial Cells* ; Microscopy, Electron ; Skin/cytology* ; Skin Neoplasms/etiology
Animal ; Anura ; Cell Membrane ; Epithelial Cells* ; Microscopy, Electron ; Skin/cytology* ; Skin Neoplasms/etiology
Cholinesterase and Acid phosphatase in the Rabbit's Retinae Fo11owing Severance of the Optic nerve.
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):48-55. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.48
Group totalling 55 young rabbits (both sexes), whose right optic nerves had been severed intraorbitally, were fed for 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks respectively. The retina of the left eye was used as a control and that of the right eye for the experiment. The histochemical changes of cholinesterase, acid phosphatase and ribonucleic acid in the reitna after to severance of the optic nerve were observed for 8 weeks after section. In the retina of the young rabbit, whose visual connection to the central nervous system was blocked, there was a decreasing specific cholinesterase activity beginning at the 4th week after the section of it. By the 8th week, the enzyme activity in the perikaryon of the ganglion cell and the inner plexiform layer was considerably decreased. Acid phosphatase activity in the young rabbit's retina peaked at the 2nd week, but decreaseed below normal after the 4th week. This rapid decline of acid phosphatase activity was characteristic in the experimental retinae and was in contrast to the rather slow alteration of enzymatic activity in neurons undergoing wallerian degeneration. Pyroninophilic granules contained in neural cytoplasm of the retina were affected by the surgical blocking of the visual connection with the central nervous system. By the 4th week the granules had partially disappeared from the perikaryon of the ganglion cell and from the inner nuclear layer. Consequently, as the result of histochemical studies, firstly it is postulated that the gradual decline of specific cholinesterase activity in the rabbit's retina was closely related to the intraorbital blocking of the optic nerve, and secondly, that the typical degeneration of the ganglion cell in the ganglion cell layer (which was associated with a partial disappearance of the ganglion cell) was related to the changes in the acid phosphatase activity and alteration of the pyroninophilic granules in the retina following optic nerve transection.
Acid Phosphatase/metabolism* ; Animal ; Cholinesterases/metabolism* ; Histocytochemistry ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neurons/enzymology ; Optic Nerve/surgery* ; Rabbits ; Retina/enzymology* ; Substances: ; Cholinesterases ; Acid Phosphatase
Acid Phosphatase/metabolism* ; Animal ; Cholinesterases/metabolism* ; Histocytochemistry ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neurons/enzymology ; Optic Nerve/surgery* ; Rabbits ; Retina/enzymology* ; Substances: ; Cholinesterases ; Acid Phosphatase
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):37-47. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.37
Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme pattens were examined in rats after exposing the animal to 250 ppm of sulfur dioxide gas. The isozymes of the respective tissues were separated on cellulose-acetate strips from the brain, lung, heart, liver, kidneys, and muscle, and visualized as the isozyme bands by the formazan reaction and analyzed by densitometry. As well as the above experiment, room-air and room-air+SO2 were aerated through tissue homoenates in-vitro, accompanied by pure oxygen aeration in order to see the in vitro effect of the gases on the LDH activity in the tissues mentioned with the following conclusions. (1) The H-type of LDH activity dominated in the normal heart tissue of rats, M-type in the normal lung, liver, and muscle tissues of the animal. (2) The kidney tissue of normal rats exhibited preponderance of LDH-1 and-5 isozymes, brain tissue in LDH-1 and-4 isozymes. (3) When rats inhaled sulfur dioxide gas in the concentration of 250 ppm, it appeared that the M-type tended to predominate in the anaerobic tissues and the H-type in the aerobic tissue. (4) The degree of oxygen tension seemed to be correlated with the low level of LDH activity in the anaerobic tissues such as liver and muscle and with the increased activity in the aerobic tissues, such as heart and lung. (5) The low oxygen tension seems to favor syn-thesis of M-type LDH and high oxygen tesnion H-type LDH in the tissues of rats.
Air Pollution ; Animal ; Citric Acid Cycle ; Densitometry ; Electrophoresis ; Environmental Exposure ; Isoenzymes ; Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism* ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Rats ; Sulfur Dioxide/toxicity* ; Substances: ; Isoenzymes ; Sulfur Dioxide ; Oxygen ; Lactate Dehydrogenase
Air Pollution ; Animal ; Citric Acid Cycle ; Densitometry ; Electrophoresis ; Environmental Exposure ; Isoenzymes ; Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism* ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Rats ; Sulfur Dioxide/toxicity* ; Substances: ; Isoenzymes ; Sulfur Dioxide ; Oxygen ; Lactate Dehydrogenase
Genetic X-radiation Damage to Drosophila Germ Cells under Different Conditions.
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):25-36. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.25
Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon-R, Oak Ridge strain) males, 19 to 21 hours old, were X-rayed with a total dose of 1000r. or 3000 r. given in two equal fractions of 500 r. or 1500 r. at a dose rate of 500r. per minute, except for Experiment #2 in which they were given a single dose of 1000 r. at 24 +/- 1 degree C in several gas environments, with a time interval of 40 minutes between the two doses. At each Change of gas(es),the system was evacuated to remove all gases, then Hushed with helium for 1 minute. Tests using CO were carried out in the dark and the others m the light, both at 1 atmosphere of the gas or gas mixture. In order to study the genetic radiation damage and its modification by several gases the frequencies of dominant lethals and translocations induced in cells which were in different stages of spermatogenesis were scored using seven sequential 2-day mating over a two-week test period. Data are prtsented which indicate that: 1) The frequency of dominant lethals increased from sperm to spermatids and meiotic cells, then decreased in spermatogonial cells which were the least susceptible to X-rays. 2) The cycle of damage for dominant lethals is similar to that for translocations, but does not coincide with it completely, and the peaks of damage for both are located in the early postmeiotic stages, and the cycle of frequencies of translocations coincides with that of percentages of sterility of F1 the coincidence frequencies between translocations and the sterility demonstrates that the mechanisms of damage for both are related, at least in part. 3) The NO effect on sperm and late spermatids is more drastic than the oxygen effect, but a major fraction of the effect is to cause the death of the sperm. 4) The carbon monoxide (CO) during radiation increase genetic damage above the other gases tested, and it is possible to conclude that the duration(s) of 4 minutes of gases in post-treatments is too short to modify the damage. 5) There are few (or no) translocations recovered from premeiotic cells. 6) The Y-chromosome was involved in 10.8% of total breaks, or about 1/4 as frequently as the two autosomes tested, and chromosomes 2 and 3 equally participated in an interchange.
Animal ; Chromosome Aberrations/radiation effects ; Drosophila ; Male ; Meiosis/radiation effects* ; Radiation Genetics* ; Spermatozoa/radiation effects* ; Time Factors
Animal ; Chromosome Aberrations/radiation effects ; Drosophila ; Male ; Meiosis/radiation effects* ; Radiation Genetics* ; Spermatozoa/radiation effects* ; Time Factors
Effect of Long-Term Administration of Secretory Suppressives on Rat Pancreas (1).
Yonsei Medical Journal.1969;10(1):19-24. doi:10.3349/ymj.1969.10.1.19
Atropine (2.5 mg/kg), hexamethonium (1 mg/kg), Trasylol (1,000 u/kg), acetazolamide (100 mg/kg), cortisone (5 mg /kg) or procaine (5 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally once a day for 21 days into rats (both sexes) fed a low protein diet. The rats were fasted and sacrificed 24 hr after the last injection. Atropine and cortisone, but not the other agents, cause a significant increase in both pancreatic weight and enzymes. Serum amylase increased markedly in the cortisone group and serum GOT and GPT increased but slightly in the atropine group. Enlargement of the pancreatic acini, cellular hypertrophy and increases of zymogen granules were observed in all the groups except the procaine and normal control group. The hypertrophy of acini was more prominent in the atropine and cortisone groups. None of drugs used could induce decrease or depress the enzyme formation and weight of pancreas. This data indicates that long-term administration of these drugs, particularly atropine, cortisone or even other Ragents may induce preferential formation of pancreatic enzymes to exocrine secretions and consequently may cause enlargement of the pancreatic acini.
Acetazolamide/administration & dosage* ; Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Amylases/blood ; Animal ; Aprotinin/administration & dosage* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood ; Atropine/administration & dosage* ; Cortisone/administration & dosage* ; Female ; Hexamethonium Compounds* ; Lipase/blood ; Male ; Organ Weight ; Pancreas/drug effects* ; Pancreas/enzymology ; Procaine/administration & dosage* ; Rats ; Time Factors
Acetazolamide/administration & dosage* ; Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Amylases/blood ; Animal ; Aprotinin/administration & dosage* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood ; Atropine/administration & dosage* ; Cortisone/administration & dosage* ; Female ; Hexamethonium Compounds* ; Lipase/blood ; Male ; Organ Weight ; Pancreas/drug effects* ; Pancreas/enzymology ; Procaine/administration & dosage* ; Rats ; Time Factors
Country
Republic of Korea
Publisher
Yonsei University College of Medicine
ElectronicLinks
http://www.eymj.org/Editor-in-chief
Jung-Won Park
Abbreviation
Yonsei Med J
Vernacular Journal Title
ISSN
0513-5796
EISSN
1976-2437
Year Approved
2007
Current Indexing Status
Currently Indexed
Start Year
Description
The goal of the Yonsei Medical Journal (YMJ) is to publish high quality manuscripts dedicated to clinical or basic research. Any authors affiliated with an accredited biomedical institution may submit manuscripts of original articles, review articles, case reports, brief communications, and letters to the Editor.
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