Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):72-73.
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
2003 to Present ISSN: 1738-1088
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Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):69-71.
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is arguably the most serious and potential irreversible side effect of antipsychotic medication. Traditionally first generation antipsychotics are the neuroleptics considered to have higher risk of TD as compared to second and third generation antipsychotics. Aripiprazole is a third-generation antipsychotic with a novel mechanism of action. Risk of developing TD with use of aripiprazole has been unknown. Recently many cases of aripiprazole associated TD have been reported. A case of 52 year old Caucasian woman is discussed who presented to us with first manic episode. Patient had never been treated with any antipsychotic medication in her life before. During current episode, she was treated with aripiprazole 30 mg/day. During follow up, patient was found to have developed dyskinetic oro-facial movements within 2 months of starting aripiprazole. She was not taking any other antipsychotic/anti-dopaminergic medication at that time. Patient's abnormal oro-facial movements could not be reversed in spite of immediate discontinuation of aripiprazole. Multiple medications are tried over the next 2 years but her movement disorder never remitted. Above case (along with other recent reports) suggest that risk of movement disorder with aripiprazole use could be higher than previously thought. Further studies are required to find out incidence of movement disorder with aripiprazole. Aripiprazole use should be preferably restricted to FDA approved indications. Clinician needs to be very vigilant about emergence of any movement disorder while using aripiprazole, especially in patients with risk factors for TD.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Movement Disorders* ; Risk Factors ; Aripiprazole
Antipsychotic Agents ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Movement Disorders* ; Risk Factors ; Aripiprazole
A Case of Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Risperidone Treatment.
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):67-68.
Acute pancreatitis with antipsychotic treatment is rare but sometimes causes a fatal adverse effect. Most cases of acute pancreatitis due to atypical antipsychotic agents are reported to occur within six months of starting antipsychotic administration. Acute pancreatitis caused by risperidone is rare. The patient had a high fever, stomachache and vomiting. The results of the abdominal computed tomograhpy scan were negative. The results of the abdominal ultrasonography were positive for gallstones in gallbladder and distention of the common bile duct. She had been fasting and received antibiotic intravenous injections. Amylase and lipase titers were high. After risperidone discontinuation, both the levels of the amylase and the lipase were gradually decreased. Three months later, the patient still maintains a good clinical balance. Although atypical antipsychotic-induced pancreatitis has been reported in conjunction with hyperglycemia, the pathophysiologic mechanism of these adverse events remains unclear. This case got pancreatitis 6 month after risperidone treatment. Using the antipsychotic agents, it is necessary to monitor pancreas function.
Amylases ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Common Bile Duct ; Fasting ; Fever ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lipase ; Pancreas ; Pancreatitis* ; Risperidone* ; Schizophrenia ; Ultrasonography ; Vomiting ; Aripiprazole
Amylases ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Common Bile Duct ; Fasting ; Fever ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lipase ; Pancreas ; Pancreatitis* ; Risperidone* ; Schizophrenia ; Ultrasonography ; Vomiting ; Aripiprazole
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):65-66.
Although the effectiveness of medication in the treatment of anorexia nervosa is uncertain, atypical antipsychotics such as olanzapine and risperidone have been used empirically for decades. we describe the case of a 10-year-old boy with anorexia nervosa in whom remarkable improvement was seen following the administration of risperidone or risperidone long-acting injection and deterioration when these agents were ceased. Because this is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report describing the usefulness of risperidone long-acting injection for adolescent anorexia nervosa.
Adolescent ; Anorexia Nervosa* ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Child* ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Humans ; Male ; Risperidone*
Adolescent ; Anorexia Nervosa* ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Child* ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Humans ; Male ; Risperidone*
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):54-64.
OBJECTIVE: It was previously suggested that the malic enzyme 2 (ME2) as the candidate gene for psychosis in fine mapping of chromosome 18q21. Chromosome 18q21 is also one of the possible regions that can contribute to addiction. METHODS: We performed a pilot study for discovering candidate gene of chromosome 18q21 in the methamphetamine abusers for elucidating the candidate gene for methamphetamine addiction leading to psychosis. We have selected 30 unrelated controls (16 males, 14 females; age=59.8+/-10.4) and 37 male methamphetamine abusers (age=43.3+/-7.8). We analyzed 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 7 neuronal genes in chromosome 18q21 for DNA samples that was checked for the data quality and genotype error. The association between the case-control status and each individual SNP was measured using multiple logistic regression models (adjusting for age and sex as covariates). And we controlled false discovery rate (FDR) to deal with multiple testing problem. RESULTS: We found 3 significant SNPs of 2 genes in chromosome 18q21 (p-value<0.05; adjusting for age as covariate) in methamphetamine abusers compared to controls. We also found 2 significant SNPs of 1 gene (p-value<0.05; adjusting for age and sex as covariates) (rs3794899, rs3794901:MAPK4). Two SNPs in MAPK4 gene were significant in both statistical groups. CONCLUSION: MAPK4, the gene for mitogen-activated protein kinase 4, is one of the final 6 candidate genes including ME2 in 18q12-21 in our previous finemapping for psychosis. Our results suggest that MAPK4 can be a candidate gene that contribute to the methamphetamine addiction leading to psychosis.
Case-Control Studies* ; Comorbidity ; DNA ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Methamphetamine* ; Neurons ; Pilot Projects* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein Kinases ; Psychotic Disorders ; Data Accuracy ; Substance-Related Disorders
Case-Control Studies* ; Comorbidity ; DNA ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Methamphetamine* ; Neurons ; Pilot Projects* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein Kinases ; Psychotic Disorders ; Data Accuracy ; Substance-Related Disorders
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):48-53.
OBJECTIVE: Research of electroencephalograph (EEG) power spectrum and mean frequency has shown inconsistent results in patients with schizophrenic, schizoaffective and bipolar disorders during medication when compared to normal subjects thus; the characterization of these parameters is an important task. METHODS: We applied quantitative EEG (qEEG) to investigate 38 control, 15 schizophrenic, 7 schizoaffective and 11 bipolar disorder subjects which remaine under the administration of psychotropic drugs (except control group). Absolute spectral power (ASP), mean frequency and hemispheric electrical asymmetry were measured by 19 derivation qEEG. Group mean values were compared with non parametrical Mann-Whitney test and spectral EEG maps with z-score method at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Most frequent drug treatments for schizophrenic patients were neuroleptic+antiepileptic (40% of cases) or 2 neuroleptics (33.3%). Schizoaffective patients received neuroleptic+benzodiazepine (71.4%) and for bipolar disorder patients neuroleptic+antiepileptic (81.8%). Schizophrenic (at all derivations except for Fp1, Fp2, F8 and T6) and schizoaffective (only at C3) show higher values of ASP (+57.7% and +86.1% respectively) compared to control group. ASP of bipolar disorder patients did not show differences against control group. The mean frequency was higher at Fp1 (+14.2%) and Fp2 (+17.4%) in bipolar disorder patients than control group, but no differences were found in frequencies between schizophrenic or schizoaffective patients against the control group. Majority of spectral differences were found at the left hemisphere in schizophrenic and schizoaffective but not in bipolar disorder subjects. CONCLUSION: The present report contributes to characterize quantitatively the qEEG in drug treated schizophrenic, schizoaffective or bipolar disorder patients.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Bipolar Disorder* ; Electroencephalography ; Fourier Analysis ; Humans ; Psychotic Disorders ; Psychotropic Drugs ; Schizophrenia* ; Viperidae
Antipsychotic Agents ; Bipolar Disorder* ; Electroencephalography ; Fourier Analysis ; Humans ; Psychotic Disorders ; Psychotropic Drugs ; Schizophrenia* ; Viperidae
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):41-47.
OBJECTIVE: Differential diagnosis between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorder (AD) is rather difficult, but very important to the assignment of appropriate treatment and prognosis. This study investigated methods to differentiate PTSD and AD. METHODS: Twenty-five people with PTSD and 24 people with AD were recruited. Memory tests, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2), and Beck's Depression Inventory were administered. RESULTS: There were significant decreases in immediate verbal recall and delayed verbal recognition in the participants with PTSD. The reduced memory functions of participants with PTSD were significantly influenced by depressive symptoms. Hypochondriasis, hysteria, psychopathic deviate, paranoia, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder scale of MMPI-2 classified significantly PTSD and AD group. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that verbal memory assessments and the MMPI-2 could be useful for discriminating between PTSD and AD.
Accidents, Traffic* ; Adjustment Disorders* ; Depression ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hypochondriasis ; Hysteria ; Memory Disorders ; Memory* ; MMPI ; Paranoid Disorders ; Prognosis ; Schizophrenia ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic*
Accidents, Traffic* ; Adjustment Disorders* ; Depression ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hypochondriasis ; Hysteria ; Memory Disorders ; Memory* ; MMPI ; Paranoid Disorders ; Prognosis ; Schizophrenia ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic*
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):37-40.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of duloxetine on the plasma levels of catecholamine metabolites and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in 64 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: Major depressive episode was diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fourth edition (DSM-IV) according to the DSM-IV text revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria. The severity of depression was evaluated using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). Blood sampling and clinical evaluation were performed on days 0, 28, and 56. RESULTS: Duloxetine treatment for 8 weeks significantly increased the plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) levels but not the homovanillic acid (HVA) levels in responders with MDD. CONCLUSION: These results imply that noradrenaline plays an important role in alleviating depressive symptoms.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major* ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Homovanillic Acid* ; Humans ; Norepinephrine* ; Plasma* ; Duloxetine Hydrochloride
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major* ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Homovanillic Acid* ; Humans ; Norepinephrine* ; Plasma* ; Duloxetine Hydrochloride
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):31-36.
OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of major depression. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays a crucial role in microglial activation caused by inflammation. The dye brilliant blue G (BBG) is a P2X7R antagonist. This study examined whether BBG shows antidepressant effects in an inflammation-induced model of depression. METHODS: We examined the effects of BBG (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg) on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels after administering the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.5 mg/kg) and the effects of BBG (50 mg/kg) on depression-like behavior in the tail-suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). RESULTS: Pretreatment with BBG (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg) significantly blocked the increase in serum TNF-alpha levels after a single dose of LPS (0.5 mg/kg). Furthermore, BBG (50 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the increase in immobility time in the TST and FST after LPS (0.5 mg/kg) administration. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that BBG has anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effects in mice after LPS administration. Therefore, P2X7R antagonists are potential therapeutic drugs for inflammation-related major depression.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Depression ; Inflammation ; Mice* ; Physical Exertion ; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Depression ; Inflammation ; Mice* ; Physical Exertion ; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*
Advanced Pharmacotherapy Evidenced by Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2014;12(1):19-30.
In clinical practice, pharmacological treatment is mostly focused on behavioral symptoms in everyday life. Nevertheless, persistent effort continues to develop medication for causal treatment. Recent changes in diagnostic criteria from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR) to DSM-5 would affect not only diagnosing approaches, but also therapeutic approaches. Because previous pervasive developmental disorders have been integrated into a single entity, the autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we have to prepare for what medications are valuable for the ASD. In this article, we reviewed the following etiological treatment: acetylcholine and glutamate related medicine; amino acid medicine such as secretin, endogenous opioid, and oxytocin; complementary and alternative medicine such as chelating agents, vitamins, and omega-3; promising drugs related to the scope of pharmacogenetics currently under study.
Acetylcholine ; Behavioral Symptoms ; Chelating Agents ; Child ; Autism Spectrum Disorder* ; Complementary Therapies ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Drug Therapy* ; Glutamic Acid ; Oxytocin ; Pharmacogenetics ; Secretin ; Vitamins
Acetylcholine ; Behavioral Symptoms ; Chelating Agents ; Child ; Autism Spectrum Disorder* ; Complementary Therapies ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Drug Therapy* ; Glutamic Acid ; Oxytocin ; Pharmacogenetics ; Secretin ; Vitamins
Country
Republic of Korea
Publisher
Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology
ElectronicLinks
http://www.cpn.or.kr/Editor-in-chief
Young-Chul Chung
secretariat@kcnp.or.kr
Abbreviation
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci
Vernacular Journal Title
ISSN
1738-1088
EISSN
2093-4327
Year Approved
2012
Current Indexing Status
Currently Indexed
Start Year
2003
Description
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