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MicroRNA-23a: A Novel Serum Based Diagnostic Biomarker for Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Yu Mi LEE ; Hyun Jung CHO ; Soo Young LEE ; Seong Cheol YUN ; Ji Hye KIM ; Shin Yup LEE ; Sun Jung KWON ; Eugene CHOI ; Moon Jun NA ; Jae Ku KANG ; Ji Woong SON

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2011;71(1):8-14. doi:10.4046/trd.2011.71.1.8

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have demonstrated their potential as biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis. In recent years, miRNAs have been found in body fluids such as serum, plasma, urine and saliva. Circulating miRNAs are highly stable and resistant to RNase activity along with, extreme pH and temperatures in serum and plasma. In this study, we investigated serum miRNA profiles that can be used as a diagnostic biomarker of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: We compared the expression profile of miRNAs in the plasma of patients diagnosed with lung cancer using an miRNA microarray. The data from this assay were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: Six miRNAs were overexpressed and three miRNAs were underexpressed in both tissue and serum from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients. Sixteen miRNAs were overexpressed and twenty two miRNAs were underexpressed in both tissue and serum from adenocarcinoma (AC) patients. Of the four miRNAs chosen for qRT-PCR analysis, the expression of miR-23a was consistent with microarray results from AC patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were done and revealed that the level of serum miR-23a was a potential marker for discriminating AC patients from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. CONCLUSION: Although a small number of patients were examined, the results from our study suggest that serum miR-23a can be used in the diagnosis of AC.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biomarkers ; Body Fluids ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; MicroRNAs ; Plasma ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Ribonucleases ; ROC Curve ; Saliva

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Clinical Year-in-Review of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea.

Kyeong Cheol SHIN

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2011;71(1):1-7. doi:10.4046/trd.2011.71.1.1

Many findings suggest that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) imposes an enormous burden on patients, health-care professionals and society. COPD contributes to morbidity and mortality and to a significant use of health-care resources. In spite of a higher prevalence of COPD in Korea, the result of COPD treatment is not effective. The purpose of this article was to review recent advances in the study of COPD in Korea with the aim of improving effective management. This review highlights articles pertaining to the following topics; prevalence, assessment of COPD, risk factors for hospitalization, co-morbid diseases, phenotypes, and treatment issues.
Comorbidity ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Korea ; Patient Readmission ; Phenotype ; Prevalence ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Risk Factors

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A Case of Pulmonary Embolism in a Patient with a Factor VII Gene Promoter -401G/A Polymorphism.

Bo Ram MIN ; Shin KIM ; Ji Hae PARK ; Jin Nyeong CHAE ; Won Il CHOI

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2008;64(6):466-470. doi:10.4046/trd.2008.64.6.466

A factor VII gene -401 G/A polymorphism was identified in a patient with a pulmonary embolism. The patient was a 71-year-old woman who presented with acute-onset dyspnea. A chest CT scan revealed a pulmonary embolism. Despite the administration of low-dose warfarin as anticoagulation therapy, there was an excessively prolonged prothrombin time (PT). The blood tests revealed lower factor VII activity than normal. Full factor VII gene sequencing revealed a G to A substitution at ?401 in the promoter region. There were no other gene sequence anomalies. PCR-based analysis indicated lower factor VII gene expression in the patient than in a control subject. The data suggested the promoter polymorphism to be responsible for the lower transcription level. In conclusion, we encountered a case of Factor VII DNA polymorphism in a patient with a pulmonary embolism showing significantly reduced Factor VII activity.
Aged ; DNA ; Dyspnea ; Factor VII ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Prothrombin Time ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Thorax ; Warfarin

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Two Cases of Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Young Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia.

Wook hyun LEE ; Cheol hong PARK ; Hoon yung KO ; Ho jung AN ; Soon Seog KWON ; Yong Hyun KIM

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2008;64(6):460-465. doi:10.4046/trd.2008.64.6.460

Incidences of pulmonary thromboembolism markedly increase with age. Risk factors of pulmonary thromboembolism are surgery, trauma, acute medical illness, immobilization, pregnancy, usage of hormone, and advanced age. In the cases of thrombomembolism occurred in young age, the possibility of thrombophilc state is needed to be investigated. Among many diseases or state associated thrombophilic state, homocyteinemia should be considered a cause of thromboembolism before fifth decade. Homocyteinemia is caused by deficiency of N-5-methyltetrahydrofolate, cystathionie beta-synthase and vitamin B12. The presence of the mutation of 5,10-methyleneterahydrofolate lead to homocyteinemia by deficiency of N-5-methyltetrahydrofolate. Homocysteine is acknowledged the risk factor of cardiovascular event, and storke. Homocysteinemia can be the cause of thromboemboism via damaging endotheial cell. We present two cases of pulmonary thromboembolism in young age which seem to be associated with homocysteinemia precipitated by mutation of 5,10-methyleneterahydrofolate.
Homocysteine ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Risk Factors ; Thromboembolism ; Vitamin B 12

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A Case of Radiolucent Foreign Body (Temporary Resin Bridge) Aspiration Accompanied by Inflammatory Polyps.

Seol Kyung MOON ; Ji Myoung LEE ; Hae Bin JEONG ; Joo Yong SONG ; Sung Kyoung KIM ; Sang Haak LEE ; Hyeong Kyu YOON ; Sook Young LEE ; Seok Chan KIM ; Hwa Sik MOON

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2008;64(6):456-459. doi:10.4046/trd.2008.64.6.456

This case demonstrates the rare occurrence of a radiolucent temporary resin bridge aspiration in adults while they are in a conscious and awaken state and the resultant formation of inflammatory polyps. Although no unique findings were noted in a chest x-ray, careful history taking accompanied by physical examinations can lead to clinical suspicion of foreign body aspiration in an earlier stage. Moreover, flexible bronchoscopy is a tool useful not only for the evaluation process but also for managing the aspirated foreign material.
Adult ; Bronchoscopy ; Dentures ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Physical Examination ; Polyps ; Resins, Synthetic ; Respiratory Aspiration ; Thorax

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Correlation Between Primary Tuberculous Pleurisy and NRAMP1 Genetic Polymorphism.

Je Hyeong KIM ; Byung Gyu KIM ; Ki Hwan JUNG ; Sang Youb LEE ; Sang Myun PARK ; Sin Hyung LEE ; Cheol SIN ; Jae Youn CHO ; Jae Jeong SHIM ; Kwang Ho IN ; Se Hwa YOO ; Kyung Ho KANG

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2000;48(2):155-165. doi:10.4046/trd.2000.48.2.155

BACKGROUND: The phagolysosomal function of alveolar macrophage against M. tuberculosis infection is influenced by Nramp1, which is encoded by the NRAMP1 gene. There are several genetic polymorphisms in NRAMP1, and these polymorphisms affect the innate host resistance through the defect in production and function of Nramp1. To investigate this relationship, we determined the NRAMP1 genetic polymorphism in patients with primary tuberculous pleurisy was determined. METHODS : 56 Fifty-six primary tuberculous pleurisy patient (,) who were diagnosed by pleural biopsy(,) were designated to the pleurisy group and 45 healthy adults were designated to the healthy control group. 3 Three genetic polymorphisms of NRAMP1 (,) such as a single point mutation in intron 4(469+14G/C, INT4), a nonconservative single-base substitution at codon 543 that changes aspartic acid to asparagine(D543N) and a TGTG deletion in the 3' untranslated region(1729+55del4, 3'UTR)(,) were determined. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) were used. RESULTS: The frequencies of mutanat mutant genotypes of INT4 and 3'UTR were significantly high in pleurisy group(p=0.001, p=0.023). But the frequencies of D543N were not significantly different between the both two groups(p=0.079). Odds The odds ratios(,) which are a comparison with wild genotype for determining mutant genotypes(,) were 8.022(95% confidence interval=2.422 ~26.572) for INT4 and 5.733(95% confidence interval=1.137 ~28.916) for 3'UTR which were ;these were statistically significant. But the odds ratio for D543N was not significant. In the combined analysis of the INT4 and 3'UTR polymorphisms, as compared with GG/++ homozygotes, (delete) the odds ratios were 6.000(95% confidence interval=1.461 ~ 24.640) for GC/++ genotype and 14.000(95% confidence interval=1.610 ~121.754) for GC/+del when compared with GG/++ homozygotes which ;these were statisticallysignificant. CONCLUSION: Among the NRAMP1 genetic polymorphisms, a single point mutation in intron 4(469+14G/C, INT4) and a TGTG deletion in the 3' untranslated region(1729+55del4, 3'UTR) were closely related to the primary tuberculous pleurisy.
3' Untranslated Regions ; Adult ; Aspartic Acid ; Codon ; Genotype ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Introns ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Odds Ratio ; Pleurisy ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic* ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pleural*

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Change of IFN-g and TNF-a Producing Capacity in the Course of Chemotherapy in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Jae Joon YIM ; Sang Min LEE ; Jae Ho LEE ; Chul Gyu YOO ; Choon Taek LEE ; Hee Soon CHUNG ; Young Whan KIM ; Sung Koo HAN ; Young Soo SHIM

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2000;48(2):149-154. doi:10.4046/trd.2000.48.2.149

BACKGROUND: Interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) play a critical role in protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. (The change )of IFN-g and TNF-a producing capacity in the course of antituberculous chemotherapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (was evaluated in this study.) METHOD: In 29 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, phytohemagglutinin(PHA) or purified protein derivative(PPD) stimulated production of IFN-g and TNF-a by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was quantified. Five patients were sampled before they underwent antituberculous treatment, 11 patients after 0 -4 months, six after 4 -completion and seven after treatment completion. RESULT: There was no difference in PHA- or PPD- stimulated production of IFN-g and TNF-a between each group. CONCLUSION: No difference in PHA- or PPD- stimulated production of IFN-g and TNF-a between two groups could be identified during classification of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by their treatment stages.
Classification ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

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Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Joon CHANG

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2000;48(2):123-148. doi:10.4046/trd.2000.48.2.123

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Embolism*

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A Case of Advanced Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Treatment with Chemotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy.

Jae Wook RYU ; Youn Seup KIM

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2015;78(1):36-40. doi:10.4046/trd.2015.78.1.36

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive, treatment-resistant, and generally fatal disease. A 68-year-old male who was diagnosed with MPM at another hospital came to our hospital with dyspnea. We advised him to take combination chemotherapy but he refused to take the treatment. That was because he had already received chemotherapy with supportive care at another hospital but his condition worsened. Thus, we recommended photodynamic therapy (PDT) to deal with the dyspnea and MPM. After PDT, the dyspnea improved and the patient then decided to take the combination chemotherapy. Our patient received chemotherapy using pemetrexed/cisplatin. Afterwards, he received a single PDT treatment and then later took chemotherapy using gemcitabine/cisplatin. The patient showed a survival time of 27 months, which is longer than median survival time in advanced MPM patients. Further research and clinical trials are needed to demonstrate any synergistic effect between the combination chemotherapy and PDT.
Aged ; Drug Therapy* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Male ; Mesothelioma* ; Photochemotherapy* ; Pleura

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Serious Complications after Self-expandable Metallic Stent Insertion in a Patient with Malignant Lymphoma.

Sung Bae CHO ; Seon Ah CHA ; Joon Young CHOI ; Jong Min LEE ; Hyeon Hui KANG ; Hwa Sik MOON ; Sei Won KIM ; Chang Dong YEO ; Sang Haak LEE

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2015;78(1):31-35. doi:10.4046/trd.2015.78.1.31

An 18-year-old woman was evaluated for a chronic productive cough and dyspnea. She was subsequently diagnosed with mediastinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A covered self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) was implanted to relieve narrowing in for both main bronchi. The NHL went into complete remission after six chemotherapy cycles, but atelectasis developed in the left lower lobe 18 months after SEMS insertion. The left main bronchus was completely occluded by granulation tissue. However, the right main bronchus and intermedius bronchus were patent. Granulation tissue was observed adjacent to the SEMS. The granulation tissue and the SEMS were excised, and a silicone stent was successfully implanted using a rigid bronchoscope. SEMS is advantageous owing to its easy implantation, but there are considerable potential complications such as severe reactive granulation, stent rupture, and ventilation failure in serious cases. Therefore, SEMS should be avoided whenever possible in patients with benign airway disease. This case highlights that SEMS implantation should be avoided even in malignant airway obstruction cases if the underlying malignancy is curable.
Adolescent ; Airway Obstruction ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy ; Cough ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Rupture ; Silicones ; Stents* ; Ventilation

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