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The Combination Effects of Early Intratympanic Dexamethasone Injection for the Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Hyun Jung MIN ; Yong Hee CHO ; Eui Suk SUNG ; Seung Hwan LEE ; Seok Hyun CHO ; Chul Won PARK

Korean Journal of Audiology.2011;15(3):114-118.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Intratympanic dexamethasone injection (ITDI) offers the potential for directed delivery of high concentrations of steroids to the inner ear while mitigating the risks involved with high doses of systemic steroids. We investigated the effectiveness of combination therapy, sequential early ITDI accompanied with systemic therapy on sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We gathered 151 SSNHL patient's data, who were refractory to systemic treatment for 5 days. Injection group (n=47) were administered systemic therapy and 4 times of ITDI within 2 weeks after break of SSNHL. Control group (n= 104) only received traditional treatment. We compared last concreted hearing level and recovery rate according to initial hearing level and frequency. RESULTS: Overall hearing improvement was observed in 47 of 104 (45.2%) control patients and in 30 of 47 (63.8%) ITDI patients (p= 0.034). Depending on the degree of initial hearing loss, the patients with severe hearing loss who treated with ITDI showed significant higher recovery rate than control group (83.8% vs. 50.0%)(p=0.049). When we analyzed hearing improvements according to the frequency, clinically significant hearing improvements were observed at lower and mid-frequencies (250, 500 and 1,000 Hz) in the ITDI group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Early combination the-rapy of intratympanic dexamethasone injection within 2 weeks accompanied with initial systemic treatment is effective for patients with refractory SSNHL, especially for patients with severe hearing loss.
Dexamethasone ; Ear, Inner ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Steroids

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Proteomic Analysis of the Protein Expression in the Cochlea of Noise-Exposed Mice.

Nam Kyung YEO ; Yun Suk AHN ; Ji Won KIM ; Seung Hyo CHOI ; Gil Chai LIM ; Jong Woo CHUNG

Korean Journal of Audiology.2011;15(3):107-113.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: When noise-induced hearing loss occurs, destruction of the hair cells is accompanied by mechanical injury, chemical injury, and hypoxia. Proteomics is a powerful tool for protein analysis, as it provides valuable information regarding the biochemical processes involved in diseases, monitors cellular processes, and characterizes protein expression levels. We attempted to identify the proteins associated with the pathophysiology of noise-induced hearing loss, as well as the mechanisms of this disease, using a proteomics approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used BALB/C male mice. The control mice were placed in a booth without noise, while the experimental mice were exposed to noise for three hours daily for three consecutive days. Cochleae from each group were obtained for total protein extraction. The proteins were separated into numerous spots using two-dimensional electrophoresis. Seven protein spots that were strongly detected only in the noise-exposed cochleae were selected and subsequently analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Approximately 286 protein spots were detected in the noise group. Seven selected spots were analyzed and various proteins identified, including tyrosine protein kinase MEG2, angiopoietin-like 1, heat shock 70 kDa protein, sodium dicarboxylate cotransporter 1, myeloid Elf-1-like factor, disintegrin, metalloproteinase domain 7, and activated leukocyte-cell adhesion molecule. CONCLUSIONS: We identified several proteins expressed in noise-induced hearing loss using a proteomics approach. These proteins may help us to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Biochemical Processes ; Cochlea ; Electrophoresis ; Hair ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Noise ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Proteins ; Proteomics ; Sodium

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Prestin and Motility of the Cochlear Outer Hair Cell.

Chul Hee CHOI

Korean Journal of Audiology.2011;15(3):101-106.

The main objective of this study is to describe the role and function of prestin on cochlear amplification based on the relationship of electromotility and prestin in the outer hair cells (OHCs). After the finding of cochlear active process or amplification, OHCs have been received a lot of attention as a source of the cochlear amplification. In response to acoustic signals, the OHCs produce the receptor potentials resulting in changes in the length of the OHCs called electromotility. The electromotility originates within the lateral wall of the OHCs and relates to the unique structures of the OHCs. The OHC electromotility depends on particles of the lateral plasma membrane due to an area motor in the lateral plasma membrane. Recently, it has been reported that the electromotility requires a voltage-dependent membrane based motor protein, prestin. Prestin means fast in Italian. The presence of prestin is essential for cochlear amplification and electromotility. Prestin is a member of solute carrier 26 anion transporter family. Prestin is associated with the unique structure of the lateral wall of the OHCs. Prestin forms motor complexes with other proteins and lipids of the lateral wall sensing the transmembrane potential and generating force by changing its surface area. Recently, prestin knockout mice have been used to prove the presence of prestin. Prestin is required for electromotility of the OHCs and for cochlear amplification in normal hearing because targeted depletion of prestin in mice leads to loss of OHC electromotility and loss of hearing sensitivity up to 60 dB. In addition, recent studies have shown that the loss of cochlear amplification after intense noise exposure can result from damage to prestin and prestin involves in the process of aminoglycoside-induced apoptosis in OHCs. These show that prestin plays an important role in transducing apoptosis signals in response to antibiotics. Therefore, the presence of prestin is mandatory for cochlear active process and amplification in normal hearing.
Acoustics ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Apoptosis ; Cell Membrane ; Hair ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; Humans ; Membrane Potentials ; Membranes ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Noise ; Proteins

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A Case of Labyrinthine Fistula by Cholesteatoma Mimicking Lateral Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

Dae Bo SHIM ; Kyung Min KO ; Mee Hyun SONG ; Chang Eun SONG

Korean Journal of Audiology.2014;18(3):153-157. doi:10.7874/kja.2014.18.3.153

Acute peripheral vestibulopathy, of which the chief complaint is positional vertigo, comprises benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), labyrinthitis, labyrinthine fistula, and cerebellopontine angle tumors. Since the typical presentation of labyrinthine fistulas may be sensorineural hearing loss, positional vertigo, or disequilibrium, it is often difficult to distinguish from BPPV or Meniere's disease. Herein we report a 61-year-old female patient with typical symptoms and signs attributable to geotropic type variant of the lateral semicircular canal BPPV on the left side, who eventually was confirmed as having a labyrinthine fistula from chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma on the left side. This is another case where, even in the presence of isolated vertigo showing typical findings of acute peripheral vestibulopathy, other otologic symptoms and signs must not be overlooked.
Cholesteatoma* ; Ear, Inner ; Female ; Fistula* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Labyrinthitis ; Meniere Disease ; Middle Aged ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; Otitis Media ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo* ; Vestibular Neuronitis

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Eccrine Poroma of the Auricle: A Case Report.

Tae Hoon KONG ; Tae Hyoung HA ; Min Seob EOM ; Sang Yoo PARK

Korean Journal of Audiology.2014;18(3):151-152. doi:10.7874/kja.2014.18.3.151

Eccrine poroma is described as a benign neoplasm originating from the intraepidermal eccrine duct of sweat glands. This tumor is known to arise in bare skin areas, but more rarely appeared in head and neck region. A 54-year-old female presented with a mass on the retroauricular aspect of the left auricle. There was a soft, protruding, and purple-colored, solitary mass of about 1.0x1.0 cm in size. After authors performed an excisional biopsy, eccrine poroma was confirmed histopathologically. Thus, we report a rare case of eccrine poroma of the ear with the review of literature.
Biopsy ; Ear ; Ear Auricle ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Poroma* ; Skin ; Sweat Glands

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A Case of Cochlear Implantation Targeting Preserved Cerebral Cortex in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Eun Sun JEON ; Sungsu LEE ; Hyong Ho CHO ; Yong Beom CHO

Korean Journal of Audiology.2014;18(3):148-150. doi:10.7874/kja.2014.18.3.148

Temporal bone fracture and blunt head trauma was once considered as contraindication for the surgery. Increasing numbers of successful cochlear implantation are being reported. However, the outcome of cochlear implantation in severe damaged brain is unclear. A multichannel cochlear implant was successfully implanted in a 33-year-old man who had both sensorineural deafness, left hemiplegia due to bilateral transverse temporal bone fractures and severe right brain damage after a traffic accident.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Brain ; Brain Injuries* ; Cerebral Cortex* ; Cochlear Implantation* ; Cochlear Implants* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Deafness ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Skull Fractures ; Temporal Bone

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Cochlear Implantation Using a Suprameatal Approach in a Case of Severely Contracted Mastoid Cavity.

Ji Eun CHOI ; Jeon Yeob JANG ; Yang Sun CHO

Korean Journal of Audiology.2014;18(3):144-147. doi:10.7874/kja.2014.18.3.144

Although cochlear implantation using posterior tympanotomy has been performed worldwide, other alternative approaches might be more beneficial and convenient in some selected cases. Of these, suprameatal approach was reported to be one of useful options in cases with narrow facial recess, anteriorly located facial nerve and an ossified cochlea. We describe a case of cochlear implantation using the modified suprameatal approach in a severely contracted mastoid cavity and suggest another indication of this approach.
Cochlea ; Cochlear Implantation* ; Cochlear Implants* ; Facial Nerve ; Mastoid*

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Recurrent Benign Myoepithelioma of the Auricle.

Se Joon OH ; Soo Keun KONG ; Il Woo LEE ; Eui Kyung GOH

Korean Journal of Audiology.2014;18(3):141-143. doi:10.7874/kja.2014.18.3.141

Myoepithelioma, a generally benign tumor comprised of myoepithlial cells, is an uncommon salivary gland tumor. Myoepithelioma originates primarily in the parotid gland, but several isolated cases have been described. Although myoepithelioma has a benign nature, but there is a potential risk of malignant change and recurrence in case of incomplete resection. We acknowledge that benign myoepithelioma originating from the auricle has not been reported in the English literature. We present a rare case of 27-year-old female who had recurrent benign myoepithelioma originating from the auricle and already had been given twice operations at the other clinic.
Adult ; Ear Auricle ; Female ; Humans ; Myoepithelioma* ; Parotid Gland ; Recurrence ; Salivary Glands

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Transverse Fracture of the Stapes Anterior Crus Caused by the Blast Pressure from a Land Mine Explosion.

Seok Min HONG ; Jun Ho LEE ; Chan Hum PARK ; Hyung Jong KIM

Korean Journal of Audiology.2014;18(3):137-140. doi:10.7874/kja.2014.18.3.137

Stapes fractures without other ossicle problems are rare and ossicle problems due to explosion pressure are also rare. We describe a very rare case of stapes anterior crural fracture resulting from a land mine explosion. As this case suggests, a close examination of the ossicles is necessary during an exploration tympanotomy.
Bombs ; Explosions* ; Fractures, Bone ; Stapes*

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Association between Vestibular Function and Hearing Outcome in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Ho Seok LEE ; Ji Nam SONG ; Jung Mee PARK ; Kyoung Ho PARK ; Hyun Bum KIM ; Jae Hyun SEO

Korean Journal of Audiology.2014;18(3):131-136. doi:10.7874/kja.2014.18.3.131

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether different vestibular function tests such as cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and caloric test were correlated with severity, pattern and prognosis in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ninety-two patients with unilateral ISSNHL were subjected to complete audiovestibular evaluation. cVEMP and caloric test results were compared with patients' initial and final audiogram. We classified patients in 4 groups as cochlear nerve (C) type, cochlear and superior vestibular nerve (C+S) type, cochlear and inferior vestibular nerve (C+I) type and cochlear, superior vestibular nerve, inferior vestibular nerve (C+S+I) type, for evaluation of the results. cVEMP and caloric tests were compared among the groups. RESULTS: Abnormal caloric test results and abnormal cVEMP results were found in 50% and 31.6% patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that abnormal caloric result (canal paresis) is a significant negative prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS: Initial vestibular function test can be valuable in predicting the final outcome in patients with ISSNHL.
Caloric Tests ; Cochlear Nerve ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* ; Hearing* ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Vestibular Nerve

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